| 释义 |
‖ zadruga|zaˈdruga|
Pl. zadrugas, zadruge. Also with capital initial.
[Serbo-Croat, = patriarchal commune, association.]
A type of patriarchal social unit traditional to (agricultural) Serbians and other southern Slavic peoples, orig. comprising an extended family group which worked the land and lived communally round the main house; the customs and rules associated with this type of unit.
1887Encycl. Brit. XXII. 146/2 The Slavs know nothing of private property,—the land being held in common under the care of the vladika or stareshina, as in the Servian xadrugas at the present day. 1900‘Odysseus’ Turkey in Europe viii. 375 The old system of Zadruga, or communal village based upon the family. 1911Prince Lazarovich-Hrebelianovich Servian People i. 39 The basis of the Serb organisation is the family, either in its narrowest sense of blood-relationship, in communistic organisation, or other individuals grouped together for common work and with common possessions. These forms are called ‘Zadruga’. 1934N.Y. Times 24 June iv. 3/4 Zadruga in Serbia means a big family where brothers and sisters..lead a community life, under the leadership usually of the eldest member of the family. 1943L. Adamic My Native Land 214 From their Russian homeland the Slavs brought a democratic institution called zadruga, a clan or family cooperative, which some of the tribes tried to extend and adjust to the wider forms of government necessary in their new homelands. Ibid. 216 They lived in their primitive villages and held onto their Old-Slavic zadrugé and ‘heart culture’—decency, friendliness, hospitality. 1963Times Lit. Suppl. 25 Jan. 49/3 The dvor or peasant household..is the same elastic unit which was familiar in medieval Europe, and survives today in the zadruge of the Balkans. 1979Internat. Jrnl. Sociol. of Law VII. 270 The old customary Slavonic ‘family’ law, the zadruga. 1980A. Toffler Third Wave ii. 44 People tended to live in large, multi⁓generational households,..from the ‘joint family’ in India to the ‘zadruga’ in the Balkans. |