| 释义 |
▪ I. yoking, vbl. n.|ˈjəʊkɪŋ|
[f. yoke v. + -ing1.]
I. The action of yoke v. in various senses.
1. The action of coupling draught-animals together with a yoke, or of attaching a draught-animal to a vehicle, etc.; also with up. Also attrib., as yoking-gear.
1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Accouplement de bœufs, a yoking of oxen. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm III. 1176 The yoking-geer of the shafts. 1881A. C. Grant Bush Life in Queensland I. iv. 39 They passed camp after camp of bullock-drags, the drivers and assistants all busy in yoking-up for the day.
b. concr. Harness. U.S.
1873Routledge's Ev. Boy's Ann. 579 ‘Do your horses bear yokings?’ asked Trick... ‘We have often used them for driving, but we have no harness,’ was the answer.
†2. Subduing, subjugation. Obs. rare.
1604Hieron Wks. (1634) I. 548 The yoking and hampering, and restraining of mans naturall disposition.
3. The action of engaging in a contest; attack, onset; contest; a spell, turn, or bout of any occupation. Sc.
1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 177 Seuerus at the first ȝoking [orig. congressu] slewe of Albion xx thousand. 1637Rutherford Lett. (1862) I. cxvii. 294 Three yokings laid him by. 1785Burns Ep. to J. L——k ii, At length we had a hearty yokin, At sang about. 1816Scott Old Mort. viii, Sitting amang the wat moss-hags for four hours at a yoking. 1882Cupples Mem. Mrs. Valentine vi. 88 ‘A double yoking’, as was the phrase for a service when two successive sermons were preached without any mid-day interval. 1883J. Martin Remin. Old Haddington 203 One ‘yoking’ [of Sunday School attendance] might have been sufficient for young folk.
4. A spell of work at the plough, or with a cart, etc., done at a stretch, between the times of yoking and unyoking the beasts; locally, a day's ploughing, carting, etc.
1765A. Dickson Treat. Agric. (ed. 2) 127 An acre was plowed at one yoking. 1787Burns Answ. to Gudewife i, When I..first could thresh the barn; Or haud a yokin at the pleugh. 1811Keith Agric. Aberd. 500 A pair of horses can plough an English acre in three journies, or yokings, of four hours each. 1812Sir J. Sinclair Syst. Husb. Scot. ii. 124 The work-horses also go two journeys or yokings in the day. 1832Scoreby Farm Rep. 4 in Lib. Usef. Knowl., Husb. III, It is very general to average full two acres per day,..with a pair of light horses in two yokings of five hours each. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 691 Colts..will soon submit to work, and become harmless in the course of a few short yokings.
II.
†5. A measure of land (see quot. 1888). Obs.
1587Lanc. Wills (Chetham Soc. 1893) 147 In plowyng of syx and twentye yockynge of land. 1888Sheffield Gloss. s.v., Broad ‘lands’ in a ploughed field sixteen yards in width are called yockings. They are only made in dry flat fields. The word yoking is also applied to two ‘lands’ or ‘roods’ lying side by side in a ploughed field, the united breadth of the two ‘lands’ being from sixteen to seventeen yards.
6. Mining. (pl.) Pieces of wood joined together in a ‘grove’ or pit to prevent the earth from falling; also used in conjunction with ‘stows’ or ‘stowces’ for marking out a claim.
1653E. Manlove Lead-Mines 14 If that the Stowes be pinned and well wrought With yokings, sole-trees. 1664[see stowce]. 1747Hooson Miner's Dict. T j b, In Sinking with Square Wood or Yokings. 1802Mawe Min. Derbysh. Gloss., Yokings, pieces of wood ascertaining possession.
▪ II. ˈyoking, ppl. a.
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
That yokes, in various senses: see the verb.
1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 592 And on his neck her yoaking armes she throwes. 1643Milton Divorce i. xiii. 21 An improper and ill-yoking couple. 1645― Tetrach. Matt. v. 31 What can be more..disparaging to the cov'nant of love..then to bee made the yoaking pedagogue of new severities? |