| 释义 |
▪ I. lively, a.|ˈlaɪvlɪ|
Forms: 1 líflic, 3 livelich, 4 life-, liif-, livelich(e, -lyche, 4–6 lif(e-, lyf(e)ly, (6 lyvelycke), 6 live-, lyvelie, -lye, 4– lively. compar. 5 liveloker.
[OE. líflic, f. líf life + -lic -ly1 = OHG. lîblîch, ON. lífligr.]
†1. Possessed of life; living, animate; = alive 1, live a. 1, living. Obs.
c1000ælfric Hom. I. 358 He..wæs..his Fæder liflic onsæᵹednys on lambes wisan ᵹeoffrod. 1430–40Lydg. Bochas (1554) 124 Death assaileth euery liuely thing. 1521Fisher Serm. agst. Luther Wks. (1876) 338 Thou arte christ the sone of the lyuely god. 1534More On the Passion Wks. 1334/2 Many lyuelye members in the vnitye of Christes mysticall bodye. 1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 14 The Lodestone..draweth Iron to it... The common people therefore..haue iudged..y⊇ Iron liuely. 1582Bentley Mon. Matrones ii. 14 It hath pleased thee to humble thy selfe..in making thy selfe a liuelie man. 1588Shakes. Tit. A. iii. i. 105 Now I behold thy liuely body so? 1601Holland Pliny I. 4 All liuely creatures else [sc. other than man] take care onely for their food. a1628Sir J. Beaumont Bosworth F. 106 The holy King then offered to his View A lively Tree, on which three Branches grew. 1628T. Spencer Logick 207 He hath a bodie made lively by his soule. 1638A. Read Chirurg. xxi. 155 The colour of a lively bone is of a whitish colour, mingled with a lively ruddiness.
fig.1547Homilies i. Faith ii. (1859) 39 There bee two kinds of faith; a dead and unfruitfull fayth; and a fayth lively.
†b. In various transferred applications of L. vivus: = live a. 3, 5, living. Obs.
a1000Ags. Hymnarium (Surtees) 92 Wyll liflic. c1000ælfric Hom. II. 202 Ic eom se liflica hlaf, þe of heofenum astah. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 232, I am y⊇ lyuely breed that descended from heuen. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Matt. v. 36 To thurst for that lively water. 1581G. Pettie Guazzo's Civ. Conv. i. (1586) 16 b, And as a dead coale, layed to a liuelie, kindleth. 1607Norden Surv. Dial. iii. 85 And these springs I like well. For a house without liuely water is maymed. 1609W. Biddulph in Lavender's Trav. (1612) 30 His house..being hewed out of the liuely rocke. c1610Women Saints 80 Where she was killed there sprong a lyuelie fountayne. 1632Massinger & Field Fatal Dowry ii. i. D 2 See, the young sonne interd a liuely graue.
†c. Of or pertaining to a living person. Of instruction, etc.: Delivered or imparted vivâ voce. (Cf. live a. 7, living.) Obs.
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. i. 13 They do beleue that it is as verily come from heauen as if they heard the liuely voice of God to speak therein. 1570Dee Math. Pref. 5 They which are not liable to atteine to this without lively teaching. 1582Bentley Mon. Matrones ii. 13 The liuelie voice of God, rebukinglie tooke me vp. 1611Bible Acts vii. 38 This [sc. Moses] is he..who receiued the liuely oracles [λόγια ζῶντα], to giue vnto vs. 1709Mandey Syst. Math., Arith. 10 The Solution..is learnt much easier by lively instruction, than by deaf and dumb Letters.
†2. Of or pertaining to life; necessary to life, vital. Obs.
In this sense the spelling lifely, lyfely persisted longer than in the others, owing to association with the n.
a1000Ags. Hymnarium (Surtees) 80 Liflicum mid þinum..blode [L. vivido tuo sanguine]. c1000Basil's Hexameron xi. (1849) 18 God..ableow on his ansyne liflicne blæd. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints i. (Petrus) 484 Gyf he liffis, he ma spek, and ga, and oþir lifly taknis ma. 1382Wyclif Wisd. xv. 11 That bleȝ in to hym a lifli spirit. 1387–8T. Usk Test. Love Prol. (Skeat) l. 121 Utterly these thinges be no dremes ne iapes, to throwe to hogges, it is lyfelych meate for children of trouth. a1420Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 3252 For verray cold, His lyfly myght he loren hadde at moost. 1528Paynel Salerne's Regim. (1535) 36 a, Y⊇ lifely spirites that procede from the brayne to the other membres. 1530Rastell Bk. Purgat. ii. ii, The soule is no nother thynge but a lyfely power. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 755 With a..maladie..so grievously taken, that his lively spirites began to faile. c1570Grindal Dial. in Foxe A. & M. (1583) II. 1390 Turkes, Iewes, and heathen be dead, because they lack y⊇ liuely foode of the soule. c1592Marlowe Jew of Malta iii. (1633) F 1 b, Oh that my sighs could turne to liuely breath. 1640Dyke Worthy Commun. Ep. to Rdr., A branch..hath all lively sap and moisture..from the root and stocke.
fig.c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 265 Spiritual swerdis and lyflyche word of oure God. 1542–5Brinklow Lament. (1874) 79 The greate parte of these..Cytezens will not haue in their howses that lyuely worde of our soules. c1570Grindal Dial. in Foxe A. & M. (1583) II. 1388 So violently to tread downe the liuely worde of God.
3. Of an image, picture, etc.: Life-like, animated, vivid. (In later use associated with 4 c.)
c1320Sir Tristr. 2845 So liifliche weren þai alle Ymages semed it nouȝt, To abide. 1568Skinner tr. Montanus' Inquisition 3 b, But they draw his counterfaite as liuely as may be. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. ix. 2 Full lively is the semblaunt, though the substance dead. 1604Dekker Kings' Entert. Wks. 1873 I. 292 The countenaunces of the Marchants being so lively that bargaines seeme to come from their lippes. 1631Weever Anc. Funeral Mon. 41 The liuely Statues and stately Monuments in Westminster Abbey. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 72 All the Candles were instantly put out, to yield a livelier Image of the occasion. 1712Addison Spect. No. 416 ⁋5 A Description often gives us more lively Ideas than the Sight of Things themselves. 1755(title) The Expedition of Major General Braddock to Virginia... Being Extracts of Letters..Together With many little Incidents, giving A lively Idea of the Nature of the Country. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) I. 42 The person of Richard II. is still preserved in the most lively manner, in two different pictures. 1817J. Scott Paris Revisit. (ed. 4) 163 The most lively pictures have been given of the hasty flights, the crowded roads [etc.]. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iii. I. 384 Under the reign of Elizabeth, William Harrison gave a lively description of the plenty and comfort of the great hostelries.
4. Full of life.
a. Of persons (occas. of animals), their faculties and actions: Vigorous, energetic, active, brisk.
a1225Ancr. R. 6 Sum is ȝung & liuelich, & is neode þe bettere warde. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. xii. (1495) 118 Mannes eeres meue leest..but to here they ben moost able and lyuely. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 237 Tho men whych kepyth reysonabill diette..bene more hole of body,.. more lyueloker [etc.]. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 158 b, Let vs syng..with a quycke spiryt, open mouth, and lyuely voyce. 1611Bible Exod. i. 19 The Hebrew women..are liuely, and are deliuered ere the midwiues come in vnto them. c1665Mrs. Hutchinson Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1846) 31 A truer or more lively valour there never was in any man. a1761Law Comf. Weary Pilgr. (1809) 17 A man..of lively parts and much candour. 1780Cowper Let. 18 Mar., Wks. (1876) 42 Men of lively imaginations are not often remarkable for solidity of judgment. 1807Crabbe Par. Reg. iii. 833 The strong attack subdued his lively powers. 1850Scoresby Cheever's Whalem. Adv. v. (1859) 71 The mate, if lively, is soon aloft. 1883Gilmour Mongols xxxii. 368 Goods are transported on carts drawn by lively horses. 1893Law Times XCV. 268/2 A lively discussion is expected.
b. Of feelings, impressions, sensations, memory: Vivid, intense, strong.
1535Coverdale 1 Pet. i. 3 Blessed be God..which..hath begotten vs agayne vnto a lyuely hope by the resurreccion of Iesus Christ. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII, 4 b, That in the same cytie, the memory of kyng Richard his mortall enemy was yet recent and lyvely. 1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 498 But now I dy'de, and death was liuely ioy. 1660Jer. Taylor Worthy Commun. ii. ii. 131 If we..pray that we may have lively relish and appetite to the mysteries, it may be well in time. 1734tr. Rollin's Anc. Hist. IV. ix. 297 However lively the father's affliction might be. 1769Robertson Chas. V, iii. Wks. 1813 V. 331 The remembrance of their ancient rivalship and hostilities was still lively. 1788V. Knox Winter Even. III. vii. ii. 11 They are guided too implicitly by their lively sensations. 1816T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall xi, In the habit of..anticipating with the most lively satisfaction. 1821Craig Lect. Drawing i. 55 Those impressions are the most lively which are conveyed to the mind in the shortest space of time. 1823F. Clissold Ascent Mt. Blanc 17 The state of the weather excited the liveliest hopes of success. 1859Mill Liberty ii. 33 The clearer perception and livelier impression of truth. 1865M. Arnold Ess. Crit. i. 44 An intimate and lively consciousness of the truth of what one is saying. 1873Hamerton Intell. Life vii. vii. (1875) 261 Taking a lively interest in the small events around them. 1876Grote Eth. Fragm. iv. 101 A source of the liveliest fear. 1895Zangwill Master ii. viii. 220 ‘My dear young ―’, she began, in accents of lively affection.
c. Of evidence, illustrations, expressions: Vivid or forcible in effect, convincing, striking, telling.
1604E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies v. v. 343 They shew the Indians their blind errors, by lively and plaine reasons. 1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. iii. §49 He could not give a more lively and demonstrable evidence. 1657R. Ligon Barbadoes (1673) 53 A hint of this, I will give you in a lively example. 1713Steele Englishman No. 41. 265 Example is the liveliest Way of Instruction. 1870Howson Metaph. St. Paul iii. 149 A more copious and lively instance of the same kind of illustration. 1875Whitney Life Lang. vii. 114 A term becomes..too directly significant, and we have to devise a new one, less lively.
d. Of physical processes; Active, vigorous, brisk. Of liquor: Brisk, sparkling; opposed to flat. Of air: Fresh, invigorating.
1615Markham Eng. House-w. 123 It [beer] may bee drunke at a fortnight's age and will last as long and liuely. 1742Lond. & Country Brewer i. (ed. 4) 66 Its heavy Parts will..keep it mellow and lively to the last. 1844Kinglake Eöthen xvii. (1878) 217 The air..is much cooler and more lively. 1854Ronalds & Richardson Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 320 Producing a greater amount of heat and a more lively combustion. 1896A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad lxii, Oh many a peer of England brews Livelier liquor than the Muse.
e. Of a landscape, etc.: Full of bright and interesting objects. Of a narrative, etc.: Full of action and incident.
1697Dryden Virgil, Life (1721) I. 68 The liveliest Episode in the whole æneis. 1756Burke Subl. & B. ii. v Which he has represented in the colours of..bold and lively poetry. 1839J. Hodgson in J. Raine Mem. (1858) II. 385 To see..the trees bourgeoning in our lively woods. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge xx, It was the liveliest room in the building. 1851Carlyle Sterling ii. vii. (1872) 147 The view from the top is..remarkably lively and satisfactory. 1883Gilmour Mongols xxiv. 295 A valley lively with flocks, herds, tents [etc.]. 1887I. R. Lady's Ranch Life in Montana 84 I've been having a pretty lively week of it.
f. In humorously euphemistic use.
1772Foote Nabob i. Wks. 1799 II. 290 My Lady's temper's apt to be lively now and then. 1883Manch. Guard. 15 Oct. 5/2 The police had a lively time of it in bundling out the peace-breakers. 1891Pall Mall G. 21 Nov. 2/2 Altogether things are getting lively. 1892Law Times XCII. 197/2 The Press is making things lively for Her Majesty's judges.
†g. humorously. Of cheese: Teeming with life.
1581Mulcaster Positions xxxix. (1887) 194 Liuely cheese is lusty cheare.
5. Of colour, light, etc.: Vivid, brilliant, fresh.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. i. pr. i. 2 (Camb. MS.), I sawh..a womman..with a lyfly coloure. 1552Elyot Dict. s.v. Color, Floridi colores, liuely colours. 1593Shakes. Lucr. 1589 Her liuelie colour kil'd with deadlie cares. 1604E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies iv. xv. 251 These oisters within are of the colour of heaven, very lively. 1658Rowland Moufet's Theat. Ins. 1013 The green Scarabee..is of a lively emerald colour. 1711Pope Temp. Fame 252 Bright azure rays from lively sapphyrs stream. a1763Shenstone Elegies vii. 19 And livelier far than Tyrian seem'd his vest, That with the glowing purple ting'd the ground. 1810Scott Lady of L. i. xiv, And islands that, empurpled bright, Floated amid the livelier light. 1819G. Samouelle Entomol. Comp. 344 Griseus, lively light gray. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xii. III. 136 The turf is of livelier hue than elsewhere. 1870Rock Text. Fabr. i. 1 In gold and lively colours.
6. Gay, sprightly, vivacious.
1580Churchyard (title) A light Bondell of liuly discourses called Churchyardes Charge. 1741Middleton Cicero I. vi. 488 A manner so lively and entertaining. 1756J. Warton Ess. Pope (1782) I. ii. 22 Voltaire, in the first volume of his entertaining and lively Essay on General History. 1778F. Burney Evelina (1791) II. xxxi. 191 Never did I see him more lively or more agreeable. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xxx. III. 187 He had compared, in a lively epigram, the opposite characters of two Prætorian præfects of Italy. 1790Cowper Let. 7 July Wks. (1876) 334 The French..like all lively folks are extreme in every thing. 1798Ferriar Illustr. Sterne ii. 31 Sterne even condescended to adopt some of those lively extravagancies. 1838Lytton Alice 131 But your manner is livelier and younger. 1868C. M. Yonge Cameos I. xvi. 124 He was lively in conversation. 1885Pall Mall Budget 19 June 31/1 His account of the America is lively reading and will appear very seasonably.
7. Naut. Of a vessel: Capable of rising lightly to the sea.
1697W. Dampier Voy. I. 498 We found our Vessel lively enough with that small sail which was then aboard. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §170 To render them very floaty and lively in a rough hollow sea. 1897Daily News 11 Dec. 8/3 In the sense, therefore, that she rides the waves instead of labouring through them, the Cambria might be described as a lively ship.
8. quasi-n. colloq.
1889Clark Russell Marooned (1890) 171 ‘Time from me, my livelies!’ cried Mole.
9. Comb., as lively-foliaged, lively-looking adjs.
1809Malkin Gil Blas vii. ix. (Rtldg.) 3 He drew from his pocket a phial full of a lively-looking red liquor. 1836Macgillivray tr. Humboldt's Trav. xxiv. 362 Lively-foliaged poplars generally shadowed their extremities.
▪ II. lively, adv. Now rare.|ˈlaɪvlɪ|
Forms: 1 líflíce, 4 lyfly, 4–6 lifly, (5 liyfly, lyfely), 5–6 lyvely, (5 lievlie, lyvele), 6 livelie, 8 Sc. lyflie, 6– lively.
[OE. líflíce, f. líf life + -líce -ly2.]
†1. (OE. only.) So as to impart life.
c1000ælfric Hom. II. 244 He ᵹenam ða hlaf and hine liflice ᵹehalᵹode.
†2. As a living person or thing. Obs.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. ii. xviii. (1495) 44 Though an angel take a body for euery nedefull doyng he may take it Not lyfly, neyther gyuyth therto lyfe. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. i. 38 A dainty flowre..Which in that cloth was wrought, as if it lively grew.
3. With animation, actively, briskly, nimbly, vigorously.
c1400Destr. Troy 2997 There light þai full lyfely, lept into bote. c1450Merlin 355 He lept vp on foote as lifly as he hadde noon harme ne dissese. a1500Mankind (Brandl) 41/73 Leppe a-bout lyuely, þou art a wyght man. 1553Brende Q. Curtius R viij, Beinge .Lxx. yeares of age, [he] executed the office of a capitaine as lively as though he had bene younge in yeares. 1613Hayward Norm. Kings, Will. I, 9 The Normans did liuely charge vpon them in head. 1643Cromwell Let. 6 Aug. in A. Kingston East Angl. & Civ. War (1897) 121 You must act lively; do it without distraction. 1664Power Exp. Philos. 4 If you divide the Bee..you shall..see the heart beat most lively. 1699Salmon Bate's Dispens. (1713) 276/2 It will..make the Medicine work more lively and briskly. 1883G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Feb. 402/2 We found that it was going on a little livelier than ever.
†b. Feelingly; (touched) to the quick. Obs.
1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 79/1 The examples..ought to make vs feele it liuely, and to the quicke. 1625Gonsalvio's Sp. Inquis. 197 Making him..liuely to lament his owne filthinesse and abomination. 1651tr. De-las-Coveras' Don Fenise 33 Don Louis..was so lively touched with compassion..that [etc.]. 1653Nissena 86 She was so lively imprest with what she had heard. a1758Ramsay Some of the Contents vii, How lyflie he and amorous Stuart sing!
†c. Promptly; at once; = belively. Obs.
c1400Destr. Troy 372 [He] led hom furthe lyuely into a large halle. Ibid. 4355 And so the ledis of the lond lyuely hym cald. Ibid. 5447 Out of Lyce come lyuele þe lege kyng Glaucon.
4. In a life-like manner; vividly, ‘to the life’. Very frequent in the 17th century. ? Obs.
c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1229 Wel koude he peynten lifly that it wroghte. 1559Bp. Scot in Strype Ann. Ref. I. App. vii. 18 Who so redith the third chapter of the second epistle of St. Paul to Tymothie, may see them there lively described. 1598F. Meres Palladis Tamia 287 Apelles painted a Mare and Dogge so liuelie, that Horses and Dogges passing by woulde neigh and barke at them. 1604Dekker Kings' Entert. Wks. 1873 I. 293 In a large Table..is their fishing and shipping lively and sweetely set downe. 1615T. Adams Spiritual Navig. 6 This glasse lively represents to us ourselves and our Saviour. 1631Weever Anc. Funeral Mon. 14 The funeralls of Misenus, most liuely thus expressed. 1659Evelyn Diary (1827) II. 143 A sheete of paper, on which was very liuely painted ye thing in miniature. 1682H. More Annot. Glanvill's Lux O. 30 Meeting with nothing..that lively resembles these things in our former state. 1687Burnet Trav. i. (1750) 39 The Image also seemed to shed tears; and a Painter had drawn those on her Face so lively, that the People were deceived by it. 1726Life of Penn in Wks. I. 28 What Game such Persons play at, may be lively read in the attempts of Dionysius, &c. 1775S. J. Pratt Liberal Opin. lxx. (1783) III. 22 He [Draper] painted himself..much livelier..than it was in the power of any other person to depict him.
†b. Clearly, plainly. Obs.
1548Udall Erasm. Par. Pref. 17 And liuely to know the ungodly maligners. 1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 171 She seemed..most liuely to beholde..with hir eie. 1601R. Johnson Kingd. & Commw. (1603) 144 The wisedome of a prince is not livelier discerned, then [etc.]. 1625Gill Sacr. Philos. i. 107 The shape of a man cannot bee more lively seene in a looking glasse, than [etc.]. 1634Canne Necess. Separ. (1849) 14 The Pope's pontifical, wherein he showeth himself to be Antichrist most lively. 1673Penn The Chr. a Quaker v. 533 It had been utterly impossible for divers weighty Things..to have been known, and said so lively, had they not been seen by the Light.
†5. Of a vessel: (Floating) in a lively manner. (Cf. lively a. 7.) Obs.
1793Smeaton Edystone L. §171 Remarkably full in their bows; which..enabled them to float much more lively upon the surface.
6. Comb., as lively-expressed; lively-daring, lively-shining, lively-skipping, lively-speaking, lively-thriving adjs.
1622Drayton Poly-olb. xxii. 962 The *liuely daring French.
1577tr. Bullinger's Decades (1592) 2 Gods will, first of all vttered in a *liuely expressed voice by the mouth of Christ.
1727–46Thomson Summer 918 The *lively-shining leopard, speckled o'er With many a spot.
1612Drayton Poly-olb. v. 123 The *liuelie skipping Brane along with Gwethrick goes.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 112 Giving as ready obedience..as they can to any *lively speaking prince of the world.
1618W. Lawson New Orch. & Gard. (1623) 32 You shall haue for one *liuely thriuing tree, foure..euill thriuing, rotten and dying trees. |