| 释义 |
whiles, n. (advb. gen.), conj. (prep.), adv. Obs. or arch.|hwaɪlz|
Forms: 3 hwihles, 3–4 wiles, 4–5 whilis, whylys, whilles, whils, 4–6 whyls, 4–8 whyles, 5 whilez, whilys, whylis, whyllys, wilis, wylys, whills, (whels), 5–6 whilse, 6 whylse, 4– whiles; 3–4 quiles, 4 quyles, quilis, quylis, qwylys, quils, qwhylles, Sc. quhillez, 4–6 Sc. quhilis, 6 Sc. quhillis, quhylis, quhyles, quhyls, 7–8 Sc. quhiles.
[orig. in advb. and conj. phr., as sumehwiles formerly, oðerhwiles at times, þerhwiles while, meanwhile, formed with advb. -s on sumhwile, oðerhwile, þerhwile (see somewhiles, otherwhiles, therewhiles); on this type were modelled the expressions þis or þat quiles, to quiles, long whiles, a (good) whiles, etc. and the simple conj. whiles.]
I.
†1. Preceded by a demonstrative adj., indefinite article, or other qualifying word, forming advb. phrases: e.g. that whiles, at or during that time; long whiles, for a long while, etc. Obs.
13..Cursor M. 5495 (Gött.) Þat quiles ras þar a neu king. Ibid. 5713 Þis quilis [Fairf. alle þis quyle] was in israel Þe folk ledd in mekil vnwele. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 10198 In þat louh ar sexti iles—In þo þe dwelte longe whyles. c1430Two Cookery-bks. 42 Lat it seþe esyli,..a good whylys. c1450Lovelich Merlin 9833 Thanne schal neuere kyng Arthewr..his lond jn pes thanne non whyles holde. c1540tr. Pol. Verg. Engl. Hist. (Camden 1846) 254 In the meane whiles. 1594R. Ashley tr. Loys le Roy 85 b, It endured but a whiles. 1607J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Plough 233 Ye haue beene as sheepe going a great whiles astray. 1633Prynne Histrio-m. i. 52 All which, if our Actors..would but a whiles consider [etc.]. 1651H. L'Estrange Answ. Mrq. Worc. 91 Where God one whiles insinuates himself into the conscience in the language of a familiar Friend, another while reclaims it with the indignation of an incensed Judge. 1654Gayton Pleas. Notes iv. 289 Nor have the Wardens ventur'd all this whiles, To lay, except my selfe, one in those Iles.
2. the whiles, advb. and conj. phr. = the while, while n. 2 a, b. † Also (rarely) in whiles as conj.
a1300Cursor M. 3309 Bot ai þe quils he ne fan To behald þat leue maidan. 13..Ibid. 1729 (Gött.) Bot euer þe quilis þat he [sc. Noah] wroght, Þe folk to preche forgat he noght. 1375Barbour Bruce iii. 435 The king, the quhilis..Red to thaim..Romanys off worthi Ferambrace. 14..Northern Passion 430 (Camb. Ii. 4. 9) Here ȝe schuln me A byde þe qwylys [v.rr. to whyls, whils] I go here be syde. 1540Palsgr. Acolastus iii. v. R j b, We wyll walke vp and downe..the whyles. 1583T. Stocker Civ. Warres Lowe C. iv. 4 b, All suche pointes, as thei could iustly finde them selues agreeued, and in whiles he gouerned, deminished. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. vii. 62 The whiles my hands I washt in puritie, The whiles my soule was soyld with foule iniquitie. 1609Holland Amm. Marcell. xix. xii. 141 Paulus all the whiles was the prompter..of these cruell enterludes. 1632Holland Cyrupædia 144 Perceiving..draught-beasts to draw other things, and feeding the whiles. 1759Colman Ode in Prose Sev. Occas. (1787) II. 277 His heel Sparkles refulgent with elastic steel: The whiles he wins his whiffling way. 1808Scott Marm. i. xiii, They feasted..The whiles a Northern harper rude Chanted a rhime of deadly feud.
†3. to whiles, advb. and conj. phr. = 2. Also as conj., to the time that, until. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 1729 Ai to-quils þat [noe] sa wroght Þe folk to preche for-gate he noght. Ibid. 3889 To quils haa lya in þi bedd, For-soth þan sal þou rachel wedd. Ibid. 4923 Þan war þaa breþer..prisund til þe thrid morn,..To⁓quils sent ioseph þe yepe Men þair harnais for to kepe. 1338R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 220 Suilk ribaudie þei led,..To⁓whils Sir Edward had seisid alle Euesham. 1357Lay Folks Catech. (T.) 139 To whiles that his bodi lai in the graue, The saule with the godhede went untill hell. a1400R. Brunne's Chron. Wace (Rolls) 2645 Þe while [Petyt MS. Towhils] þer fader was on lyue For þe royalme gon þey to stryue. c1400Ywaine & Gaw. 1079, I dar yow hight, To have him her or the thrid nyght; Towhils efter yowr kownsayl send.
II.
4. conj. = while conj. 1; also with that, † as.
c1220Bestiary 256 in O.E. Misc. 8 Ðus ȝe tileð ðar, wiles ȝe time haueð. c1275Ibid. 144 We schulde..vs ibidde nyht and day hwihles þat we libbe. a1300Cursor M. 1833 For quils þat godd þam raght his grace, Littel roght þam of his manance. Ibid. 1948 To lof leute quils þou mai lif. a1400Morte Arth. 3651 Thies ware the cheefe armes Of Arthure..qwhylles he in erthe lengede. c1440Generydes 4037 Whels he sleppe this cursyd creature Full trayturly with hir is goo. c1465Chevy Chase xxxvii, Fyghte ye, my myrry men, whyllys ye may. 1526Tindale Matt. v. 25 Agre with thine adversary at once, whiles thou arte in the waye with hym. 1551Turner Herbal i. Prol. A ij b, He that whilse other men feight, standeth in the top of a tre. 1572Satir. Poems Reform. xxxiii. 108 Thir vertewis all scho had, quhyls scho stude aw Of God Eterne. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, iii. i. 39 The Tyger will be milde, whiles she doth mourne. 1633Prynne Histrio-m. i. Ep. Ded., The pressing importunity..drew me whiles I was yet a novice. a1648Digby Closet Opened (1669) 156 No longer then whiles you can say the Miserere Psalm very leisurely. 1756M. Calderwood in Coltness Collect. (Maitland Club) 189 Whiles Mr Calderwood went through the colledge..with the fathers, Daniel attended me. 1858Morris Welland River 230, I pray you, nurse⁓tend me, my knight, Whiles that I have my breath.
†b. transf. = while conj. 2. Obs.
1551Turner Herbal i. Prol. A iij b, For now (say they) euery man with out any study..will become a Phisician... Whilse by occasyon of thys boke, euery man, nay euery old wyfe will presume not without the mordre of many, to practyse Phisick. 1580Fulke Retentive, Discov. Dang. Rock xii. 248 Whiles the one will vrge a prerogatiue of Peter, the other will forge a Byshoplike office in the Apostles. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 71 Whiles Gallienus..gave himselfe over to..riotousnesse, the State of Rome..lay dismembred as it were. 1665Evelyn Let. to Sir W. Coventry 2 Oct., Sir William D'Oyly and myself have near ten thousand upon our care, whiles there seems to be no care of us.
†5. conj. and prep. Till, until: = while conj. 3.
1398Munim. de Melros (Bannatyne Cl.) 489 To be..haldene..qvhillez þt..satisfactioun and payement..be..made. a1400Pistill of Susan 177 Whiles þe Morwen to Middai and mare. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 7492 Þare he bade whils he ware deede. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 259 Whyles the nexte matyns. 1545R. Ascham Toxoph. i. 37 b, I coulde..reken vp suche a rable of shoters that be named..in poetes, as wolde holde vs talkyng whyles tomorowe. 1601Shakes. Twel. N. iv. iii. 29 He shall conceale it Whiles you are willing it shall come to note.
6. adv.
†a. Formerly: = while adv. 2. Sc. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxxvii. (Vincencius) 3 Þis name vincensius to say Is man þat ourcumys ay, As sancte vincent quhilis dide Thru his pacience. 1573Satir. Poems Reform. xli. 94 That Bogill thair that ȝe hard blaw, With quhome quhyles ȝe wer small content.
b. Sometimes: = while adv. 1. Chiefly Sc.
In mod. use apprehended as n. pl.: cf. while n. 6 e.
c1480Henryson Two Mice 7 Quhyle vnder busk, quhyle vnder breir, Quhylis in the corne. c1550Rolland Crt. Venus i. 356 Lufe..alteris ay to euerie kinde and stait: Quhylis to, quhylis fra. a1557N. Grimalde in Tottel's Misc. (Arb.) 103 Italian whiles, and Spanish you do hear, and know full well. 1661R. Baillie in Lauderdale Papers (Camden 1884) I. 96 My hert whiles trimbles for you. a1722Fountainhall in M. P. Brown Suppl. Dict. Decis. (1826) II. 460 She took whiles fits of distraction. 1829Brockett N.C. Gloss. (ed. 2) s.v., It rains whiles. 1830Newman Verses Var. Occas. (1868) 42 Keen regret and tearful yearning, Whiles unfelt, and whiles returning. 1886Stevenson Kidnapped xxvi, So we lay.., whiles whispering, whiles lying still. |