| 释义 |
▪ I. † leve, n. Obs.
Forms: 1 (ᵹe)léafa, 2 i-leafe, leave, 3 leaf, lefve, Orm. læfe, 3–4 leve.
[OE. ᵹeléafa, léafa str. masc. = OFris. láva, OS. gilôƀo (MDu. gelôve, Du. geloof), OHG. giloubo (MHG. geloube, G. glaube); Goth. has galaubeins, with different suffix; related to Goth. galaubjan: see y-leve, believe vbs.]
Belief, faith; occas. trust.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. viii. 10 Ne fand ic suæ miclo leafa [c 1000 Ags. Gosp. ᵹeleafan] in israhel. c1000ælfric Gram. Pref. (Z.) 3 Forðan ðe ðurh lare byð se ᵹeleafa ᵹehealden. c1175Lamb. Hom. 5 We sulen habben ure heorte and habben godne ileafe to ure drihten. Ibid. 57 Mid al þis haue þu charite and soðfeste leaue. c1200Ormin 2776 Godess þeoww birrþ habbenn her Aȝȝ soþfasst læfe o Criste. c1205Lay. 16840 Ȝif heo wulleð cristindom mid gode lefue vnder-fon. a1225Leg. Kath. 384 Ich iseo wel..þat tu were iset ȝung to leaf & to lare. a1275Prov. ælfred 548 in O.E. Misc., Haue þu none leue to þe þad after þe bileued. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 247 Noþeles he wild haf briggid, þe fals leue & erroure.
▪ II. † leve, v.1 Obs.
Forms: 1 léfan, lýfan, 2–5 leve(n, 3 le(a)fen, 4 leeve, Sc. lewe, 5 leef.
[OE. (Anglian) léfan, (WS.) lýfan = OHG. (ar)louban (MHG., mod.G. (er)louben), ON. løyfa, Goth. (us)laubjan, f. OTeut. *lauƀâ leave n.1]
trans. To grant permission to; allow, permit. Also (esp. of God or Christ), to grant. With personal obj. (? orig. dat.) and inf. or clause; also absol.
c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. Pref. 4 We hit nohwæðer ne selfe ne lufedon ne eac oðrum monnum ne lifdon. c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. xix. 8 Moyses..lyfde eow eower wif to forlætenne. c1175Lamb. Hom. 11 Þet he us leue swa libben on þisse scorte liue þet [etc.]. c1200Ormin 8873 Godd Allmahhtiȝ lefe uss swa To forþenn Cristess wille. c1220Bestiary 303 Vre louerd crist it leue us ðat his laȝe us fede. a1225Juliana 28 Lef me þat ich mote þe treowliche luuien. a1225St. Marher. 12 Leaf me gan. a1225Ancr. R. 88 Vre Louerd..ne leue ou neuer stinken þene fule put. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2532 God leue hem in his blisse spilen among engeles & seli men. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxvi. (Nycholas) 632 Þat he wald lewe þam to say þe story of sancte nicholas. c1375Barbour Bruce xix. 126 Of the kyngis curtasye, That levit him debonarly Till do of his land his liking. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 2083 Ariadne, And leue me nevere swich a cas be-falle. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. i. 149 Crist..leue þe lede so þy londe þat leaute þe louye. c1400Destr. Troy 8048 And þes wordes ho warpit, as hir wo leuit. c1400Apol. Loll. 28 Þat onely a man vse his power in to ilk þing, as God..lefiþ him to vse it. c1450Holland Howlat 534 As our Roy levit, The Dowglass in armes the bludy hart beris. c1470Henry Wallace iv. 38 Thocht a subiet in deid wald pass his lord, It is nocht lewyt be na rychtwis racord. Ibid. vi. 262 Wemen thai lewit and preistis, on the morn, To pass thar way. c1510Gest Rob. Hode i. in Arb. Garner VI. 430 God leve that he be true. 1513Douglas æneis iii. vi. 203, I am levit with my wordis the to charge.
▪ III. † leve, v.2 Obs.
Forms: 1 léfan, líefan, lýfan, 2–3 luven, 2–5 leve(n, 3, 5 lefen, (3 leaven, leove), 3–4 live(n, (4 lieve, lyff, lyve), 5–6 leev(e, Sc. leif.
[OE. (Anglian) léfan, (WS.) líefan, a shortened form of ᵹeléfan, ᵹelíefan: see y-leve, believe vbs.]
1. intr. To believe in, on, up, upon; also to trust, give credence to a person or thing; = believe 1.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 75 To luuene ine god mote fif þing. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 11 Cursed be þe man þe leueð upen hwate. c1200Ormin 939 Hu ȝuw birrþ leden ȝuw And lefenn uppo Criste. a1225Leg. Kath. 328 Me hwet is mare medschipe þen for to leuen on him. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xvii. 20 Lo here in my lappe þat leued on þat charme, Iosue and Iudith. 1382Wyclif Ecclus. xxxii. 27 Who leeueth to God, taketh heed to the hestes. a1400Pistill Susan 358 Who so leviþ [MS. A. leeueþ] on our lord dar hym not lese. c1430Hymns Virg. 73 Ȝhe, Conscience, now to þi wordis y leeue. c1430How Good Wife taught Dau. 159 in Babees Bk., Nocht leif to vantoune giglotriss. c1450Erle Tolous 555 My wele, my wytt, ys all away, But ye leue on my lore. c1470Golagros & Gaw. 1107 To leif in thi laute. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 944 My treuth I the plicht, That I sall lelely leef on thy Lord ay. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. (1858) II. 168 That all quhilk leuit vpone Christis lair, In his defence sould follow.
b. Without construction: To exercise faith.
a900O.E. Martyrol. 8 Nov. 202 Ða lyfde se gode ond fulwihte onfeng. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 81 We wolden sen sum fortocne of þe Warbi we mihten..leuen. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1703 Þenne he laued þat lorde & leued in trawþe. a1352Minot Poems iii. 16 Leves wele it es no lye. 1382Wyclif Ecclus. xix. 4 Who leeueth sone, is liȝt in herte. 14..How Wise Man taught Son in Ritson Anc. Pop. Poetry 36 Common women, as j leve Make zong men evyle to spede. c1440Partonope 83 Levyth [printed lenyth] well this ys no fable. a1500Chester Pl. (E.E.T.S.) 396 Ther he lyves in flesh and blood, as fully leeven we.
2. trans.
a. To believe, give credence to (a person); occas. to believe in, to trust.
b. To believe, give credence to (a thing, also with obj. clause either with or without that); to accept (an alleged fact, a statement); = believe 5–8.
971Blickl. Hom. 11 Swa is to lyfenne þæt englas hie ᵹeorne beheoldan. c1175Lamb. Hom. 75 Þet ne leueð nan bute þe gode cristene Mon. a1225Leg. Kath. 430 Ȝef ha nalde leauen þat ha ȝet lefde. c1250Gen. & Ex. 935 Abram leuede ðis hot in sped. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 6858 Þe kyng leuede him wel ynou. 13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 69 Þe lyȝt of hem myȝt no mon leuen. 13..Guy Warw. (A.) 1584 Allas! Allas!..That y no hadde leued thi word! a1330Roland & V. 302 Who þat wil nouȝt leue me, In spaine men may þe soþe y-se. c1330Arth. & Merl. 925 (Kölbing) Þine tale ich no leue. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. i. 36 Leef not þi licam, for lyȝere him techeþ. 1377― P. Pl. B. xviii. 187 Leuestow that ȝond liȝte unlouke myȝte helle. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. Prol. 10 But goddis forbode but men schulde leue Wel more thyng than men han seyn with eye. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 333 It wole liȝtly be leeued of lewid men. c1400Mandeville (1839) xx. 221 We wolde never han leved it, had wee not seen it. 1414Brampton Penit. Ps. (Percy Soc.) 31 Now may no man othir levyn. 1426Audelay Poems 12 Leve he is a lyere. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 82 That ye take no yeftes, nor leuithe none euelle counsaile. c1450Merlin 11 The lecherye that thow hast told, wher-of I can not leve the. c1470Golagros & Gaw. 71 Leif ye the lele. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge i. 852 A mountayne or hyll soner, leue ye me, Myght be remoeued. Ibid. 2266 They toke hym tenderly, ye may me leue full sure. a1547Surrey æneid ii. 314 Cassandra then..Her prophetes lippes, yet neuer of vs leeued, Disclosed eft. c1570Pride & Lowl. (1841) 67 And choose him how this matter he wyl leeven.
Hence † ˈleving vbl. n., believing.
1533More Confut. Tindale viii. Wks. 799/2 Because it is a presumpteous hope, loking to be saued with damnable deuelyshe lieuing.
▪ IV. † leve, v.3 Obs. rare—1.
[ad. F. lever to raise.]
trans. To lift up.
c1489Caxton Blanchardyn xlix. 191 Sadoyne..leued vp his guysarme vpon him.
▪ V. leve
obs. form of lave, leaf, lief, live v. |