| 释义 |
‖ leukæmia Path.|l(j)uːˈkiːmɪə|
Also leukemia, † leuch-.
[ad. G. leukämie (R. Virchow 1848, in Arch. f. path. Anat. I. iii. 563), f. λευκ-ός white + αἷµα blood.]
A progressive disease of man and other warm-blooded animals characterized by the hyperplastic transformation and greatly increased activity of leucopoietic tissue, leading to abnormal accumulations of leucocytes (freq. of immature or abnormal form) first at the site of leucopoiesis and then (usually) in the blood and elsewhere.
1855in Mayne Expos. Lex. 1873T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. (ed. 2) 148 Leukæmia. 1876Duhring Dis. Skin 503 Leucocythemic lymphadenoma, or leucæmia. 1885–8Fagge & Pye-Smith Princ. Med. (ed. 2) I. 114 Leuchæmia. 1898Allbutt's Syst. Med. V. 635 Bennett gave the name leucocythæmia to the disease, whilst Virchow called it leukæmia. 1938M. N. Richter in H. Downey Handbk. Hematol. IV. xlii. 2889 The type of cell and tissue primarily involved, the extent and distribution of infiltrations, and the presence or absence of immature cells in the peripheral blood make the lesions observed in different cases and different types of leucemia quite diverse, the only feature common to all being the increase in number of white corpuscles and their relative immaturity. 1942C. L. Heel tr. Engelbreth-Holm's Spontaneous & Exper. Leukæmia in Animals i. 3 While leukæmia has not been observed in the lower vertebrates, the condition is known in many kinds of birds. Ibid. ii. 29 Detailed information is available about leukæmia in dogs, pigs, cattle, and..rodents. 1951New Biol. XI. 97 In the treatment of leukaemia, a cancer-like disease of the white blood cells, several different classes of chemicals show some value. 1955Sci. News Let. 19 Mar. 182/3 Leukemia, always fatal cancer of the blood, is showing up in survivors of the world's first military atom bombing. 1960F. G. J. Hayhoe Leukaemia ii. 10 Patients with chronic leukaemias nearly always survive more than a year from the time of first symptoms, commonly for 3 to 5 years, and occasionally for very much longer. Ibid. 11 Subleukaemic and aleukaemic forms are more often encountered in the acute than in the chronic leukaemias, and they usually become fully leukaemic at a later stage in the progress of the disease. 1964Daily Tel. 3 Jan. 13/3 A second British child suffering from leukemia..arrived with his mother in Ajaccio, Corsica, to-day for treatment with a new serum which is claimed to cure the disease. 1966Wright & Symmers Systemic Path. I. iv. 181/2 Post-mortem findings in acute leukaemia... Gross enlargement of the liver and spleen, such as is common in the chronic forms of leukaemia, is unusual. |