| 释义 |
▪ I. anguish, n.|ˈæŋgwɪʃ|
Forms: 3 anguise, -oise, 3–4 anguisse, -uysse, -usse, -uis, 3–5 angus, 4 anguys, -wys(e, -wish(e, -uych, 4–5 anguisshe, -wisshe, uyssh, -wisch(e, -uysch(e, 4–6 anguysh, 5 angwich, -wysch, -wysshe, 5–6 anguyshe, -uysshe, 4– anguish.
[a. OFr. anguisse, angoisse (Pr. angoissa, It. angoscia) the painful sensation of choking:—L. angustia straitness, tightness, pl. straits, f. angust-us narrow, tight, f. root angu- in ang(u)-ĕre to squeeze, strangle, cogn. w. Gr. ἄγχ-ειν.]
Formerly with pl.
1. Excruciating or oppressive bodily pain or suffering, such as the sufferer writhes under.
c1220Hali Meid. 35 Hwen hit þer to cumeð þat sar sorhfule angoise. a1300Pop. Sc. (Wright) 374 The bodi..in strong angusse doth smurte. c1380Sir Ferumb. 212 Hys wounde..for angwys gan to chyne. 1382Wyclif Jer. iv. 31 Anguysshes as of the child berere [1388 angwischis as of a womman childynge; 1611 the anguish as of her that bringeth forth her first child]. c1386Chaucer Pars. T. 139 The peyne of helle..is lik deth, for the horrible anguisshe [v.r. angwissh(e, -uysch, -uyssche, -wysshe]. 1485Caxton Chas. Gt. 238, I haue suffred many anguysshes of hungre. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. i. ii. 47 One paine is lesned by anothers anguish. 1656Ridgley Pract. Physick 150 If there be pain of the Stomach, anguish, heat. 1758S. Hayward Serm. xvii. 520 His [Job's] body was full of anguish. 1880Cyples Hum. Exp. iii. 70 The anguish of corns and toothache.
2. Severe mental suffering, excruciating or oppressive grief or distress.
c1230Ancr. R. 234 In the muchel anguise aros þe muchele mede. 1297R. Glouc. 177 In gret anguysse and fere Wepynde byuore þe kyng. c1325E.E. Allit. P. C. 325 When þacces of anguych watȝ hid in my sawle. 1382Wyclif Prov. xxi. 23 Who kepeth his mouth and his tunge, kepeth his soule fro anguysschis. c1450Merlin 64 Grete angwysshe that he suffred for the love of Ygerne. 1583Stanyhurst Aeneis ii. (Arb.) 46 With choloricque fretting I dumpt, and ranckled in anguish. 1611Bible Job vii. 11, I wil speake in the anguish of my spirit. 1678Jenkins in Pepys VI. 125 An honest man..full of Anguishes for his King and his Country. 1769Junius Lett. xxiii. 105 You may see with anguish how much..authority you have lost. 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. xxxiv, The deep anguish of despair.
†3. anguish of weathering: stress of weather. Obs.
c1450Lonelich Grail xxxv. 50 Angwisch of wedering made vs hider to go.
4. Comb., as anguish-stricken, anguish-torn.
1810Coleridge Friend iv. iii. (1867) 242 The anguish-stricken wife of Toxaris.
▪ II. anguish, v.|ˈæŋgwɪʃ|
Forms: 4 anguise, anguisse, 4–5 anguysch(e, angwische, angwishe, 6 anghysshe, 6– anguish.
[a. OFr. anguissie-r, angoissie-r:—L. angustiā-re to straiten, distress, f. angustia: see prec.]
1. To distress with severe pain or grief, excruciate.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iii. viii. 80 Euery delit..anguisseþ hem wiþ prikkes þat vsen it. 1388Wyclif Gen. xxxi. 40 Y was angwischid in dai and nyȝt with heete and frost. 1560J. Heywood Seneca's Thyestes Argt. (1581) 21 Thiestes..knowing he had eaten his owne children, was wonderfully anguished. 1627Feltham Resolves i. viii. (1677) 11 Sores are not to be anguish't with a rustic pressure. 1797Encycl. Brit. IV. 341/1 s.v. Charade, My first..anguishes the toe of a man. 1855Card. Wiseman Fabiola 338 It was..the making him doubly a fratricide, which deeply anguished her.
†2. refl. Obs. rare.
1538Latimer Serm. & Rem. (1845) 397, I will no longer anguish myself with a matter that I cannot remedy.
3. intr. (refl. pron. omitted.) To distress oneself, suffer severe pain or sorrow.
1330R. Brunne Chron. 132 Kyng Henry..anguised greuosly, þat Thomas was so slayn. 1601J. Weever Mirr. Martyrs D ij b, Whose soules with sin-empoisning hate did anguish. 1624Bargrave Serm. 36 Thy bones anguish, thy limbes sinke under thee. 1820Keats Isabella vii, He had waked and anguished A dreary night of love and misery.
†4. ? To smother, quash, crush, put down. (Cf. OFr. angoissier = ‘serrer fortement, presser, étreindre vivement, sans idée de souffrance.’ Godef.) Obs. rare.
1502Ord. Cryst. Men (W. de Worde) iii. iii. 157 The .vii. maner of almesdede spyrytuall is to hyde, to couer, and to anghysshe y⊇ yll and defame of his neyboure.
▪ III. † ˈanguish, -guis, -guissh, a. Obs. rare.
[a. OFr. adj. anguis, angois, cited by Godefroi in fem. angoisse: see anguish n.]
Excruciating, exceedingly distressing.
c1400Test. Love ii. (1560) 289/1 For badde thinges and anguis wretchednes been passed. 1475Caxton Jason 42 The moost anguisshyst dethe that ony man may endure. |