| 释义 |
pathoˈlogical, a.
[f. as prec. + -al1.]
1. a. Pertaining to or dealing with pathology; relating to or treating of diseases or bodily affections.
1688Boyle Final Causes Nat. Things iv. 159 The Physiological and Pathological parts of Physick. 1809Med. Jrnl. XXI. 297 He..has given up all hopes of any thing important being discovered..from pathological anatomy. 1834J. Forbes Laennec's Dis. Chest x. (ed. 4) 347 Noticed by almost every pathological anatomist. 1879Calderwood Mind & Br. iv. 80 The interest in it was stimulated and guided by pathological observations.
b. That is or may be the subject of pathology; involving or of the nature of disease; morbid. Also in more general use.
1845–6G. E. Day tr. Simon's Anim. Chem. I. 166 In certain pathological states of the system. 1858Buckle Civiliz. (1869) II. vii. 381 The laws of their normal and pathological development. 1894H. Drummond Ascent of Man 122 Conditions which are pathological in one animal are natural in others. 1921R. S. Woodworth Psychol. (1922) i. 16 The pathological method..traces the decay or demoralization of mental life instead of its growth. 1933E. Glover in S. Lorand Psycho-Anal. Today 192 (title) Pathological character formation. 1949Sat. Rev. Lit. (U.S.) 25 June 11/1 For Ford, you see, was what those who were not charmed by him insisted upon describing as a pathological liar. 1951V. Nabokov Speak, Memory ii. 32 Age had developed in her a pathological stinginess. 1951M. Lowry Let. 25 Aug. (1967) 256 A himself is an almost pathological liar. 1971Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. LXXXV. 64 In fact..pathological anxiety might..represent a heightened susceptibility to over-arousal.
2. Pertaining to the passions or emotions. rare.
1796F. A. Nitsch Gen. View Kant's Princ. concerning Man 195 The pathological interest aims at the agreeable and pleasing consequences of an action. 1798A. F. M. Willich Elem. Critical Philos. 101 A rational observance of pathological laws. 1800Cogan Passions ii. §2 Its pathological effect [i.e. of surprise] is that of a simple stimulus whose sole object is to arouse the attention. 1894Illingworth Personality iv. 105 It is not the physical effect of the desire, the mere pathological feeling, but the metaphysical action of the mental image that ultimately determines my action.
3. Math. Grossly abnormal in properties or behaviour, as compared with the well-behaved functions normally encountered in classical applications (see quots. 1946, 1960).
1939I. S. Sokolnikoff Advanced Calculus iv. 105 Such pathological behavior of continuous functions led to a careful inquiry into the meaning of such geometrical concepts as the area under a curve. 1946H. & B. S. Jeffreys Methods Math. Physics i. 17 We can speak of a function of x that is equal to 1 if x is rational but to 0 if x is irrational. Such a function would be fairly regarded by a physicist as pathological, and he is interested in a much narrower class of functions, roughly speaking such as can be represented by graphs. 1960New Scientist 25 Aug. 537/2 The term ‘pathological functions’ does not name any specific functions... It is applied rather informally to functions whose behaviour appears delinquent to those who expect mathematical functions to correspond only with physical events or, conversely, to possess only properties that can be represented by a graph or in a computer. Often the ‘pathological’ features concern continuity and smoothness. 1968Fox & Mayers Computing Methods for Scientists & Engineers ix. 179 Examples could be constructed of pathological repeated inaccurate consistency. 1971D. W. Sciama Mod. Cosmol. viii. 113 In this case the geometry of space is said to be hyperbolic... The volume of the space is infinite except in pathological cases that need not concern us.
Add:[1.] c. n. (loosely.) One whose psychological disposition or state is morbid.
1931F. R. Barry Relevance of Christianity vii. 189 Plenty of pathologicals who torment themselves..by worrying over imaginary sins. 1967Word XXIII. 544 The first months were spent in personally filming and recording..singers, infants, neonates, paranates..and various pathologicals. |