| 释义 |
▪ I. † wrethe, n. Obs.
Forms: α. 1 wræðo, -u, wræþu, 2 wræþe, 3 wreðe, 3–5 wreth, 4–6 wrethe, 6 Sc. wreath. β. north. 4–5 wrythe, 5 writh(e, Sc. wryth.
[OE. wrǽðo (also wráðo), wrǽþu (f. wráþ wroth a.), = MLG. wrêde. ON. *wreiði (Norw. vreide; MSw. wredhe, vredhe, Sw. and Da. vrede), reiði (Icel. reiði, Norw. reide). A different OE. formation is represented by wrath n.]
1. Violent anger; = wrath n. 1. Also in the phr. be (= by) wrethe, but wrethe, for wrethe, of wrethe, in wrethe, on wrethe, through wrethe, with wrethe.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Mark iii. 21 And miððy ᵹeherdon his eodon to haldanne hine, cuoedon forðon þætte on wræðo [L. in furorem] ᵹecerred wæs. c1100O.E. Chron. (MS. F.) an. 1051, Forþan hi wæran intinga þare wræðe ðe was betwyx him & ðan cinge. c1250Kent. Serm. in O.E. Misc. 33 Yef se deuel us wille a-cumbri þurch senne..oþer þurh wreþe. c1250Gen. & Ex. 482 Lamech wið wreðe is knape nam. a1300Cursor M. 10049 Moght in hir noþer be wreth ne het, Hir tholmodenes it was sa gret. c1330Amis & Amil. 830 Lete thi wrethe first ouergon, Y pray the. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xlii. (Agatha) 121 In wryth quyncyane bad gef hire buffetis. a1400Sir Degrev. (Thornton MS.) 299 (Halliwell), Thus thay fighte in the frythe, With waa wreke thay thaire wrythe. 1422Yong tr. Secreta Secret. 135 Hatredyn engendryth wronge and wrethe. c1440Eng. Conq. Ireland 75 But in nothynge thay myght acorde, & begon to de-pert, as in wrethe. 1530Palsgr. 290/2 Wrethe, angre, courroux, maltalent. 1587W. Fowler Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 53 Sometymes through wreath, I forced was..To teare them all in peaces small.
Personif.c1420Lydg. Assembly of Gods 624 Wrethe bestrode a wylde bore, and next hem gan ryde.
transf.c1475Partenay 231 An huge bore of meruelous wreth.
2. A fit or display of wrath; = wrath n. 2.
a1400–50Wars Alex. 865 (Dubl. MS.), Sir, lat þi wrethes all wende. 1434Misyn Mending Life 117 Wrethis, hatredis, detraccions mekely suffyr.
3. Of the Deity: = wrath n. 4 a.
c900Rituale Eccl. Dunelm. (Surtees) 11 In alle soðfæst[nis] ðin se ymbvoended [L. avertatur]..wræðo ðin. a1023Wulfstan Hom. (1883) 174 Hæfþ eal folc..micele wræþe æt gode þurh his ænne gilt. a1300Cursor M. 27362 O þat soruful dai o pain,..Þe dai o wreth, o quak and soru. c1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 1552 Þarewyth þai wreth God þat sese all; And his wreth at þe last sall with þam mete. 1387Trevisa Higden I. 191 Þat tyme þat Egipt was i-smyte wiþ God all myȝties wrethe. c1420[see wreak n. 1].
4. Injury, hurt, harm. rare.
c1400Melayne 96 Wende thy waye..To Charles..& he sall wreke thy wrethis alle. c1440Bone Florence 1613 Hys mowthe, hys nose, braste owt on blood, Forthe at the chaumbur dore he yode, For drede of more wrethe.
▪ II. wrethe
see wreath, wreathe v., writ n.
▪ III. † wrethe, v.1 Obs.
Forms: α. 1 Northumb. wræðan (wuræðan), 2–3 wreðen (3 werðen), 5 wrethyn; 4 wreþi, 4–5 wreþe, wreth(e, 5 Sc. wreyth. β. 5 north. writhe.
[OE. wrǽðan, causative verb f. wráþ wroth a. Cf. wroth v.]
1. trans. Of persons (or things): To make angry; to vex, anger, irritate. = wrath v. 2.
In frequent use from c 1300 to c 1400.
c900Rituale Eccl. Dunelm. (Surtees) 107 Se cyng..mið ðy ᵹiherde wræðde & sende herᵹvm sinvm. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xviii. 34 And wuraeðde [L. iratus] hlaferd his ᵹesalde hine ðæm pinerum. c1175Lamb. Hom. 39 Bute we inwarliche imilcien and forȝeuen þan monne þe us wreðeð and sceandet. c1230Hali Meid. (1922) 38 For moni þing schal ham wreaðen & gremien. a1240Ureisun in O.E. Hom. 197 Þet ich ðe wreðede sume siðe hit me reoweð sore. 13..Seuyn Sages (W.) 3461 Sir, ye er wrethed wrang; That sal ye wit wele or I gang. 1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 45 Gif he tuk till his helping, Ane or othir suld wrethit be. 1422Yong tr. Secreta Secret. 199 God..no man refusyth, haue he neuer so myche hym wrethyd. c1475Partenay 2856 More neuer ne was woer..Then off that he hade wrethed so Raymounde.
b. refl. To wax angry; = wrath v. 3.
c1205Lay. 9214 Þe kæisere hine wrædde, Þe wurs him wes on heorte. a1300Cursor M. 18221 Wit þis can iesus him to wreth. a1340Hampole Psalter vii. 12 God is rightwis iuge;..he wrethis him noght ilk day. c1400Ywaine & Gaw. 995 For na thing that thou mai sayn, Wil i me wreth. c1430Pilgr. Lyf Manhode iii. xxxii. (1869) 153 Nature wolde wretthe hire if man [etc.].
c. impers. = anger v. 2 b.
a1400–50Wars Alex. 4639 Or ellis ȝow writhis with ȝour wele, for ȝe na welth haue!
2. intr. To become or be angry; = wrath v. 1.
c900Rituale Eccl. Dunelm. (Surtees) 197 Wræððe..diwl [L. fremuit diabulus]. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. v. 22 Eᵹhuelc seðe uraeðes broðere his. c1175Lamb. Hom. 33 Tobreoke anes eorðliches monnes heste, he wile wreðe wið þe. a1225Juliana 13 (Bodl. MS.), Affrican wreaðede & swor swiðe deopliche. c1250Gen. & Ex. 1584 Be ðu ðer..til esau Eðe moðed be, ðe wreðed nu. a1340Hampole Psalter ii. 12 Gripes disciplyne, leswhen lord wreth: and ȝe perisch fra rightwis way. 1387Trevisa Higden V. 207 Þat he schulde whanne he gan to wreþe seie ofte and by ordre foure and twenty lettres of Grewe. a1400–50Wars Alex. 2593 Þen þe berne writhis, Fandis him first on be-fore, & all foloȝes eftir. 14..Titus & Vesp. (Roxb.) 1404 (Addit. MS. 10036), Thei wreþed with him for his sawe. c1475Partenay 4853 It was for his syne That his fader had wrethed heuyly so.
3. trans. To be angry with (a person); = wrath v. 4.
c1420Chaucer's Troylus iii. 174 (Harl. MS. 2280), Ny nyl [I] forbere if þat ȝe don amys To wreth ȝow. c1500Poems Gray MS. (S.T.S.) 46 Quhy wrethis þou me? I greif þe nocht.
Hence † ˈwrethed ppl. a.; † ˈwrething vbl. n.
a1340Hampole Psalter vi. 1 He sall be seen til ill men as *wrethid and as wode. 1567Satir. Poems Reform. iv. 136 The crewell work of wretheit womanheid.
a1300Cursor M. 29511 Quen man..wit *wrething wode, Gis his sentence on ani man. a1400–50Wars Alex. 5036 Lefe of þi wordis, For writhing of þir wale treeis, & willne þaim na mare. 1423Jas. I Kingis Q. cxlvi, By quhois effectis grete Ȝe movit are to wrething.
▪ IV. † wrethe, v.2 Obs.
In 1 wreþian, wreðian (wræð-), 3 wreoðien.
[OE. wreðian (also a-, ᵹe-, under-wreðian), f. wraðu support, etc., = OS. wređian, giwređian.]
1. trans. To prop or hold up; to support or sustain. Also in fig. context. (Only OE.)
c888ælfred Boeth. xxi, Heora ælc [sc. creature] winð wið oðer, & þeah wræðeð oðer, þæt hie ne moton toslupan. c890Wærferth tr. Gregory's Dial. 175 Wreþiende [L. sustenans] þa tydran limu betwyh his ᵹingrena handum. a1000Andreas 523 (Gr.), Se ðe rodor ahof & ᵹefæstnode folmum sinum, worhte & wreðede.
2. refl. To support (oneself) by leaning upon another; = lean v.1 2 b. Also fig.
a1225Ancr. R. 252 Ȝif þet heo wergeð, euerichon wreoðeð him bi oðer. a1225Leg. Kath. 857 Alle þeos writeres writes Þet ȝe wreoðieð ow on.
3. intr. To rely on, depend upon, a person.
a1225Ancr. R. 142 Þet heo owun to beon of so holi liue þet..al Cristene uolc leonie & wreoðie upon ham. a1225Leg. Kath. 1327 We ne cunnen..warpen na word aȝein to weorrin ne to wreððen him þet ha wreoðeð on. |