| 释义 |
▪ I. lazar, n. and a. arch.|ˈleɪzə(r)|
Forms: 4–7 lazare, lazer, laser, (4 lacer, lazre, 5 lasyar), 6 lasar, (laiser, laizer), 4– lazar.
[a. med.L. lazarus, an application of the proper name Lazarus, Luke xvi. 20. Cf. F. ladre, It. lazzaro.]
A. n.
1. A poor and diseased person, usually one afflicted with a loathsome disease; esp. a leper.
1340Ayenb. 189 Ine þe uorbisne of þe riche manne, þet onworþede þane lazre. c1350St. John 254 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 37 Þe Lacer, þat died in disese. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1093 Lazares ful monye, Summe lepre, summe lome, & lomerande blynde. c1420Chron. Vilod. st. 274 Blynd lazerus and croked in chirche to lede. 1485Caxton Chas. Gt. 37 There atte laste were guarysshed & heled..viij lazars of the palesey. 1572Nottingham Rec. IV. 142 A lasar of the Spyttyll' House. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. III. 1082/2 They prouided for the lazer to keepe him out of the citie from clapping of dishes, and ringing of bels. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 522 Lazers..so they used to tearme folke infected with the Elephantiasie or Leprosie. a1743Savage Epitaph on Mrs. Jones 15 Did piteous lazars oft attend her door? She gave—farewell the parent of the poor. 1795Coleridge Sonn., ‘Sweet Mercy’, The Galilean mild, Who met the Lazar turned from rich man's doors, And called him friend, and wept upon his sores. 1884Tennyson Becket i. iv, I marked a group of lazars in the market-place—half-rag, half-sore—beggars.
†2. (See quot. 1710.) Obs.
1573Tusser Husb. xlix. (1878) 108 If Lazer so lothsome in cheese be espied, let baies amend Cisley, or shift hir aside. 1710D. Hilman Tusser Rediv. (1744) 52 What he [Tusser] calls Lazer, which is an inner Corruption, or Rottenness of divers Colours, is chiefly occasion'd from their using Beastings, or Milk soon after Calving.
3. attrib. and Comb., as lazar-like, † lazar-man, lazar-sore; † lazar's clicket, clapper, snapper = lazarus clapper; lazar-haunter, one who frequents places where lazars are. Also lazar-cote, lazar-house.
1611Cotgr., Claquette, a *Lazers Clicket, or Clapper.
1835Browning Paracelsus iii. 760 You are not a *lazar-haunter; How should you know?
1602Shakes. Ham. i. v. 72 And a most instant Tetter bak'd about, Most *Lazar-like, with vile and loathsome crust, All my smooth Body.
1552Latimer Serm. 3rd Sund. Epiph. (1584) 309 Note here also the behauiour of this *Lazer man. 1587Golding De Mornay xxix. 463 He saw him there lapping vp his sores among the Lazermen.
1658tr. Bergerac's Satyr. Char. xxvi. 98 *Lazeres snappers [orig. cliquettes de ladres].
1796Burke Regic. Peace i. Wks. VIII. 123 Exposing our *lazar sores at the door of every proud servitor of the French republick.
B. adj. Affected with a loathsome disease, esp. leprosy; leprous. Also fig.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 108 b/1 For the cruelte of Constantyn god sente hym suche a sekenes that he becam lazare and mesell. 1530in Weaver Wells Wills (1890) 157 To the lazar people beyng at St. Margarets near the towne of T[aunton] xijd. 1546Supplic. Poore Commons (E.E.T.S.) 62 Blind, lame, lazar, and other the impotent creatures. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, ii. i. 80 Fetch forth the Lazar Kite of Cressid's Kind, Doll Teare-sheete. 1792D. Lloyd Voy. Life 148 Studious to heal a Lazar world.
Hence † ˈlazarly a., lazar-like, diseased.
1612–15Bp. Hall Contempl., N.T. iv. xi, And like another Ierusalem, for those five leprous and lazarly orders, hath built five porches.
▪ II. lazar
obs. Sc. form of leisure n. |