| 释义 |
‖ latex|ˈleɪtɛks|
Pl. (see sense 3) ˈlatexes, latices |ˈleɪtɪsiːz|.
[L., = liquid, fluid.]
†1. Old Phys. The name given to juice of any sort in the body; esp. the watery part of the blood and other secretions.
1662J. Chandler Van Helmont's Oriat. 115 Religion is amazed..at the finding of a latex or liquor, which being reduced to the least Atomes possible to nature, as loving a single life, would despise the Wedlocks of every ferment. Ibid. 194 Seperation of the Liquor Latex, Urine, and Sweat doth employ the Liver. 1669W. Simpson Hydrol. Chym. 31 The exorbitant latex, which before was extravasated runs in its own chanels again. 1766Spry in Phil. Trans. LVII. 91 Her blood appeared of a good texture, otherwise than giving off a little more than its due proportion of latex.
2. Bot. A milky liquid found in many plants (in special vessels called laticiferous), which exudes when the plant is wounded, and coagulates on exposure to the air; spec. that of Hevea brasiliensis or other plants used to produce rubber. Also attrib.
1835Lindley Introd. Bot. (1848) II. 338 Many plants..when old, have a milky latex. 1858Carpenter Veg. Phys. §58 Destined for the conveyance of the latex or prepared juice of the plant. 1885G. L. Goodale Physiol. Bot. 96 Upon exposure to the air latex coagulates, and forms upon drying a sticky, elastic mass. 1922Glasgow Herald 4 Dec. 11 Rubber latex is a limpid liquid which is mixable with water. 1937Archit. Rev. LXXXII. 57/3 The hearth-scene surround is constructed of re-inforced concrete, rendered in a mix of latex-rubber and ciment fondu. 1951M. Abercrombie et al. Dict. Biol. 125 Latex of a number of species is collected and used in manufacture of several commercial products, most important being rubber. 1955Times 14 June 11/1 Almost the entire production of the estates is in the form of latex..as distinct from sheet rubber. 1960G. Lewis Handbk. Crafts 237 Latex Foam Cushion. In many of the modern suites of furniture latex foam or some other kind of rubber stuffing is used. 1966L. Cohen Beautiful Losers (1970) ii. 177 Several comfortable Latex cups assumed exciting holds here and there.
attrib.1874Cooke Fungi 23 True latex vessels occur occasionally in Agaricus. 1885G. L. Goodale Physiol. Bot. 95 Latex-cells are not restricted to any one organ of the plant.
3. Any dispersion in water of particles of a polymer (originally synthetic rubber) that is formed in a polymerization process, such as is used as a binder in paints or for coating paper and leather.
1937W. J. S. Naunton Synthetic Rubber viii. 140 ‘Rubber dispersions’ should be divided into two groups: (1) Latices produced in situ by emulsion polymerisation... (2) Dispersed rubbers produced by the dispersion of pre⁓formed solid rubbers. Ibid. 150 This synthetic latex forms a good cement for assembling the numerous pieces of natural and artificial leather which constitute the modern mass-produced shoe. 1952J. P. Casey Pulp & Paper II. xxi. 1247 Pulp treated with small amounts of elastomer latices has improved strength properties and increased wet strength. 1954H. F. Payne Organic Coating Technol. I. ix. 372 During the past few years stabilized latexes of a variety of polymeric film-formers have been made available to the paint industry. 1969T. C. Thorstensen Pract. Leather Technol. xiv. 226 In a latex system the binder is emulsified in water. When the latex is applied the water evaporates, or sinks into the leather, and eventually a phase inversion takes place.
4. Special Comb. latex paint, a paint having a latex as its binding medium.
1954H. F. Payne Organic Coating Technol. I. ix. 372 Another advantage of latex paints is their very fast drying property. 1965D. H. Parker Princ. Surface Coating Technol. xliv. 724 Exterior latex paints should not be applied directly to unpainted wood, for poor adhesion may result. |