| 释义 |
landward, adv. and a.|ˈlændwəd|
Also 6 landewarde, Sc. 5–8 landwart, 8 landart, 9 -ert.
[f. land n.1: see -ward.]
A. adv.
1. In phrases with preps.
†a. to landward, in (the) landward: in the country, as opposed to the town. Sc.
1424Sc. Acts Jas. I, c. 21 (1814) II. 8/1 Þai..sall haue a certane takyn to landwart of þe schireff & in burowis of þe aldermen & þe balȝeis. 1457Ibid. 49/1 Within burowis and commonys to landwart. 1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. xii. v. (1821) II. 264 Ane vailyeant and lusty man, of greter curage and spreit than ony man that was nurist in landwart, as he was. a1572Knox Hist. Ref. Wks. 1846 I. 276 Als⁓weall within townes as to landwarte. 1753Scots Mag. Apr. 203/1 No part of the parish is to landward.
b. to (the) landward: towards or in the direction of the land; on or to the land side (of).
c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 631 Whils þai wer þus to landward boune. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxix. 17 In burghis, to landwart and to sie. 1555Eden Decades 352 Vppon the innermoste necke to the landewarde is a tufte of trees. 1625K. Long tr. Barclay's Argenis ii. i. 68 Where the mountaine looks to landward of the ile. a1674Milton Hist. Mosc. Wks. 1738 II. 129 To the Land-ward [stand] Mezen and Slobotca..: To Seaward lies the Cape of Candinos. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 65 As for fortifications to the landward, they had none. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xii. (1856) 86 Except to landward, there is nothing to arrest the eye. 1876T. Hardy Ethelberta (1890) 26 On the broad moor to landward of the town.
2. Towards the land; = 1 b.
1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 318 Couched betweene a high cliffe sea-ward and as high an hill land-ward. 1816Wordsw. Ode, ‘Imagination—ne'er before content’ 13 A sudden shower That land-ward stretches from the sea. 1868–70Morris Earthly Par. I. 237 Landward she saw the low green meadows lie. 1873Black Pr. Thule vi. 90 Deep and narrow valleys that ran landward.
3. Sc. In the country; = 1 a. rare.
1827Scott Surg. Dau. i, Within burgh, and not land⁓ward.
B. adj.
1. Sc. Belonging to, inhabiting the country; country-, rustic.
1533Bellenden Livy i. (1822) 5 It wes callit eftir Pagus, that is to say, ane landwart towne. 1585Jas. I Ess. Poesie (Arb.) 63 Gif zour purpose be of landwart effairis, To vse corruptit and vplandis wordis. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. x. 344 The burgessis, and landwart men. 1637–50Row Hist. Kirk (Wodrow Soc.) 24 The communion to be celebrated within burghs four times in the yeare, in landwart twise. 1649Bp. Guthrie Mem. (1702) 54 A Land⁓ward Kirk in Galloway. 1676W. Row Contn. Blair's Autobiog. x. (1848) 168 The common people in the land⁓ward round about the town. 17..Ramsay Birth of Drumlanrig ii, Some landart lass. 1725― Gent. Sheph. iv. ii, I've shook off my landwart cast In foreign cities. 1816Scott Old Mort. viii, The door was locked, as is usual in landward towns in this country. Note, A landward town is a dwelling situated in the country. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. (1858) 362 The landward contemporaries of my grandfather. 1876Grant Burgh Sch. Scot. ii. ii. 127 The town councils generally took more interest in the welfare of a school..than the landward heritors.
2. Lying or situated towards the land (as opposed to the sea); occas. belonging to the land.
1845Stocqueler Handbk. Brit. India (1854) 129 The Upper and Lower Circular Roads, which nearly encompass the city on its eastern or landward side. 1859R. F. Burton Centr. Afr. in Jrnl. Geogr. Soc. XXIX. 436 The tree..ceases to be found at any distance beyond the landward counterslope, and it is unknown in the interior. 1865Reader 2 Sept. 253/2 This barbarian innocency on the part of our landward population as to the teeming plenty of the deep. 1881J. Grant Cameronians I. i. 16 On the landward side the view was different.
3. Comb. landward-bred a. (Sc.), country-bred.
1816Scott Old Mort. xiv, I am landward-bred. 1893Stevenson Catriona 7 If you are landward bred it will be different.
Hence ˈlandwardness (landertness) Sc., rusticity.
1882Stevenson Fam. Stud. 61 He [sc. Burns] affected a rusticity or landertness. |