| 释义 |
‖ lamina|ˈlæmɪnə|
Pl. laminæ |ˈlæmɪniː|. Chiefly scientific.
[L. lām(m)ina. Cf. lame n.1]
A thin plate, scale, layer, or flake (of metal, etc.).
1656Blount Glossogr., Lamina, a thin plate of any mettal, most commonly such as Sculpters use to engrave upon. 1670J. Beale in Phil. Trans. V. 1159 'Tis..full of very small and thin Laminæ, seeming to be Metalline, and bright like the purest Silver. 1674Petty Disc. Dupl. Proportion 122, I think it easiest to consider Elastic, Springing, or Resilient Bodies, as Laminæ, Laths, or Lines. 1709F. Hauksbee Phys. Mech. Exper. Suppl. (1719) 329 Pieces of Brass Laminæ, whose Thickness when laid one upon another,..made a Distance between the Planes equal to 1/16 of an inch. 1792J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 98 This bark is composed of several laminæ. 1797M. Baillie Morb. Anat. (1807) 51 Many small broken laminæ of the coagulable lymph. 1800tr. Lagrange's Chem. II. 63 Lead..may be reduced into laminæ and plates thinner than paper. 1832Gell Pompeiana II. xiii. 22 The chamber was covered with laminæ of rare marbles. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxi. 148 At some places the ice had been weathered into laminæ not more than a line in thickness.
b. Anat., etc. A thin layer of bone, membrane, or other structure.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey) s.v., In Anatomy, Laminæ are the Plates or Tables of the Scull, two in number. 1815W. Phillips Outl. Min. & Geol. (1818) 105 These shells..are..extremely brittle, and readily separate into laminæ. 1843Youatt Horse 375 The Horny Laminæ [of the foot]. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. vii. (1872) 183 The middle and longest lamina in the Greenland whale is ten, twelve, or even 15 feet in length. 1864Mayhew Illustr. Horse Managemt. 95 The laminæ, or the highly-sensitive covering of the internal foot, secrete the inward layer of horn. 1881Mivart Cat 35 A superior broad and flat portion called the neural lamina.
c. Geol. The thinnest separable layer in stratified rock deposits.
1794Sullivan View Nat. I. 421 In caverns and fissures laminæ of spar..crystallize in various forms. 1849Murchison Siluria vii. 129 The laminæ of deposit being marked by layers of shells and corals. 1872Nicholson Palæont. 6 The finer beds of clay or sand will all be arranged in thicker or thinner layers or laminæ.
d. Bot. (a) A thin ‘plate’ of tissue, as in the ‘gill’ of a mushroom. (b) The blade, ‘limb’, or expanded portion of a leaf. (c) The (usually widened) upper part or ‘limb’ of a petal. (d) The expanded part of the thallus or frond in algæ, etc.
1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. i. iii. (1765) 7 Lamina, a thin Plate, which is the upper Part, and usually spreading. 1776–96Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) I. 393 The 2 lamina [sic] or plates which constitute each gill. 1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 153 Leaves radical, with a hollow urn-shaped petiole, at the apex of which is articulated the lamina. 1861Cooke Man. Struct. Bot. (1893) 63 The upper or free portion [of a petal] is called the lamina or limb. 1875Bennett & Dyer Sachs' Bot. 296 A cellular lamina or a mass of tissue which fixes itself by root-hairs and produces the thallus by growth at its apex.
e. Kinematics.
1837Whewell Hist. Induct. Sci. viii. vi. II. 331 Any combination of rods, strings, and laminæ. 1878Wolstenholme Math. Probl. (ed. 2) 416 A lamina moves in its own plane so that two fixed points of it describe straight lines with accelerations f, f′. 1882Minchin Unipl. Kinemat. 39 The locus traced out in the body..is a circle concentric with the lamina. |