| 释义 |
▪ I. knoll, n.1|nəʊl|
Forms: 1–2 cnol(l, 3–5 knol, 5 (9 dial.) knolle, 7 (9 dial.) knowle, (nowle), 7–9 knole, knowl, 6– knoll.
[OE. cnoll hill-top, cop, summit, hillock, from same root as Du. knol, formerly knolle clod, ball, turnip, Ger. knollen, MHG. knolle clod, lump, knot, tuber; Norw. knoll, Sw. knöl, Da. dial. knöl, knöld hillock.
OE. cnoll might represent an OTeut. *knoð-lo, with usual assimilation of ðl to ll, and thus be radically connected with knot. Cf. for the form Ger. knödel dumpling.]
1. The summit or rounded top of a mountain or hill (obs. exc. dial.).
c888K. ælfred Boeth. xii, Se þe wille fæst hus timbrian, ne sceall he hit no settan upon þone hehstan cnol. c1000ælfric Gen. viii. 5 On þam teoþan monþe æteowodon þæra munta cnollas. c1250Gen. & Ex. 4129 At munt nemboc on ðat knol fasga,..Saȝ ðe lond of promission. 1706Phillips, Knoll, the top of a Hill, a Word much us'd in the West; especially in Hereford-shire. 1825Brockett, Knoll, Knowl, Knowe, the top of a hill, a bare rounded hillock.
b. Naut. ‘The head of a bank, or the most elevated part of a submarine shoal’ (Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 1867).
2. A small hill or eminence of more or less rounded form; a hillock, a mound.
c1000Ags. Ps. (Th.) xli. 7 On þam lytlan cnolle, þe Ermon hatte. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 111 He cumeð stridende from dune to dune, and ouer strit þe cnolles [L. colles]. a1300E.E. Psalter lxiv. 13 [lxv. 12] Gird sal be knolles with faines. 1513Douglas æneis v. ii. 5 Eneas..Syne spak thir wordis on a knollis hycht. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §128 To cary grauell & fyll it vp as hygh as y⊇ other knolles be. 1604Edmonds Observ. Cæsar's Comm. 84 A knowle exceedingly fortified. 1628Sir R. Le Grys tr. Barclay's Argenis 82 A Knole fitly placed..for a Cittadell. 1686Evelyn Diary 23 Oct., It stands on a knowle..insensibly rising. 1780A. Young Tour Irel. I. 92 A knole of lawn rises among them. 1816W. Smith Strata Ident. 21 Rounded low hills, which are called knolls or knowls. 1865Geikie Scen. & Geol. Scot. vii. 153 Hills and crags of every size, down to mere hummocks and knolls. 1884Queen Victoria More Leaves 64 At half-past two we five ladies lunched on a heathery knoll.
†b. (See quot. and cf. hummock 1 b.) Obs.
1772J. G. W. De Brahm Hist. Georgia (1849) 45 The second Species of Pine..is only met with on the Knowls (small Islands in Swamps).
†3. A swelling upon the skin; = knob n. 1 b.
1499Promp. Parv. 280/1 (Pynson) Knolle (K., H. Knobbe) of a mannys hande or in another part of him.., callus.
†4. A turnip. Obs. dial.
1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. (1681) 328 Knolls, Turnips. 1674Ray S. & E.C. Words 70 Knolles; Turneps, Kent.
5. A lump, a large piece. Sc.
1829Hogg Sheph. Cal. II. 19 The auld wife..brought a knoll o' butter like ane's nieve.
▪ II. knoll, n.2|nəʊl|
Also 5 knolle, 7 knole.
[Formed with next, from same root as knell, perh. with later onomatopœic modification.]
1. An act, or the action, of ‘knolling’ or tolling a bell; the sound of a large bell. arch. and dial.
1379Mem. Ripon (Surtees) III. 100 Pro factura campanæ del knoll. 1497Bp. Alcock Mons Perfect. E j, At the fyrst knolle of y⊇ bell they departe fro theyr celles. 1615G. Sandys Trav. iv. 233 The watch of one Fort giues two or three Knoles with a bell. 1795–1814Wordsw. Excurs. vi. 801 The bells..before The last hath ceased its solitary knoll.
†2. A large bell; a church-bell. Obs.
1379Mem. Ripon (Surtees) III. 99 In viij stanges meremii sarrandis..pro le knoll [margin, Custus del klank knoll]. 1412–13Durham Acc. Rolls 403 Pro reparacione del knoll.
▪ III. knoll, v.|nəʊl|
Forms: 5 knollen, (-yn), 5–6 knolle, 6–7 knol, 6–8, 9 dial. knowl, (8 knowll), 7– knoll.
[Goes with knoll n.2]
1. trans. To ring, toll (a bell); = knell v. 2. Also fig. Now arch. and dial.
1467Eng. Gilds 401 As often as they shallen here the grete belle of the parisshe of Seint Androwe to be knolled..and after that rongen out. a1485Promp. Parv. 280/2 (MS. S.) Knollyn, pulso. 1605Shakes. Macb. v. viii. 50, I would not wish them to a fairer death; And so his Knell is knoll'd. 1871Browning Pr. Hohenst. 1942 So do the old enthroned decrepitudes Acknowledge, in the rotten hearts of them, Their knell is knolled. 1877N.W. Linc. Gloss., Knowl, to knoll; to toll a bell.
2. intr. Of a bell or clock: To sound, ring a knell, toll; = knell v. 3. Now chiefly dial.
1582Munday Eng. Rom. Life in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 179 Soon after, the bell knowleth againe, when as the students..walk to the Romayne colledge. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. ii. vii. 114 Where bels haue knoll'd to Church. 1612Two Noble K. i. i, Remember that your fame Knolls in the ear o' the world. 1815Byron Parisina xv, For a departing being's soul The death-hymn peals and the hollow bells knoll. 1876Whitby Gloss., Knoll, to toll as a bell. 1886S.W. Linc. Gloss. s.v., I heard the bell knoll a piece sin [= a bit since].
b. trans. To ring a knell for.
c. To ring or toll out.
1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, i. i. 103 His Tongue Sounds euer after as a sullen Bell Remembered, knolling a departing Friend. 1842Tennyson Gardener's Dau. 180 All that night I heard The heavy clocks knolling the drowsy hours.
3. trans. To summon by the sound of a bell.
1600Shakes. A.Y.L. ii. vii. 121 We haue seene better dayes, And haue with holy bell bin knowld to Church. 1820Byron Juan v. l, They heard No Christian knoll to table. 1844Lytton tr. Schiller's Fridolin 90 From the church⁓tower clangs the bell Knolling souls that would repent To the Holy Sacrament. 1894Times 17 July 9/3 Every woman who ever has been knolled to church.
Hence ˈknolling vbl. n.; also ˈknoller, one who knolls.
1480Waterf. Arch. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 315 The knollyng of the bell in the chappell. 1538Injunctions in Strype Eccl. Mem. (1721) I. xlii. 322 The Knoling of Aves after service..henceforth to be left. 1611Cotgr., Carillonneur, a chymer, or knowler, of bels. 1837–9Hallam Hist. Lit. (1847) III. 122 The knolling of Church bells. 1877Lee Gloss. Liturg., Knoller, 2. a sexton or sacristan. |