| 释义 |
‖ kibbutz|kɪˈbʊts|
Pl. kibbuˈtzim |-iːm| (occas. kibbutzes).
[ad. mod.Heb. ḳibbūṣ gathering.]
A collective settlement in Israel, owned communally by its members, and organized on co-operative principles. Also attrib.
1931tr. Ann. Rep. Central Tenuvah Federation (Palestine) 1930 i. 3 ‘Tenuvah’ is a co-operative marketing association... Its members are the kvutzoth (collective farms), moshavim (smallholders' settlements), and kibbutzim (large farm training groups). 1944H. F. Infield Co-operative Living in Palestine 22 The term Kvutza is used alternately with Kibbutz, which has practically the same meaning... The present study uses Kvutza only for the rural settlements and Kibbutz for the superior co-ordinating organization. Ibid. viii. 119 (heading) Kibbutzim—the roof-organizations. 1957Observer 29 Sept. 13/2 Miss Helga Pilarczyk..danced the Dance of the Seven Veils..with sturdy acrobatics that suggested rather more of the kibbutz than the necrophile. Ibid. 1 Dec. 5/2 We saw..people in kibbutzim, the voluntary collective farms—some of the serenest people I have ever met. 1958Times Lit. Suppl. 20 June 341/4 It describes how a London-bred girl, with a carping and snobbish mama, ups and joins a kibbutz in Israel. 1960Times 15 Oct. 7/6 The kibbutz movement, whose jubilee occurs tomorrow, has been slumping. 1962L. R. Banks End to Running i. iv. 57 Kibbutzes, I remembered from somewhere, were some kind of communistic settlements in Israel, where children were raised away from their parents and nobody owned anything. 1964M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. xvi. 204 Some communities have arranged for children to be brought up in groups... The best-known example of this is the kibbutz system in Israel. 1968C. A. Doxiadis Between Dystopia & Utopia ii. 46 Alfonso Reyas, who states that even ‘America is a Utopia’..and the Kibbutzim in Israel are the results of utopian theories. 1972Sci. Amer. Dec. 43/2 Children in the kibbutz are cared for from infancy in small, one-age peer groups by trained personnel. They live apart from their parents for most of the day and in most kibbutzes during the night as well. 1973Jewish Chron. 6 July 3/1 (heading) Kibbutzim back land appeal by sheikh. |