| 释义 |
‖ khaki, a. and n.|ˈkɑːkiː|
Also khakee, ka(h)ki, kharki(e, karkee, etc.
[Urdū (Pers.) khākī dusty, f. khāk dust.]
A. adj.
a. Dust-coloured; dull brownish yellow, drab.
b. (attrib. use of B.) Made of khaki cloth.
1863Cornh. Mag. Jan. 45 As to dress.. he [Capt. Cureton] confined himself to causing their clothes to be dyed khakee, or mud-colour. 1869E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 395 The comfortable gray or dust-coloured native Khakee cloth. 1884J. Colborne Hicks Pasha 2 We had to provide ourselves with..Karkee jackets. 1884Health Exhib. Catal. 35/2 The new Khaki cloth, the material adopted by the War Office for the troops on active service. 1890Watt Dict. Econ. Prod. India IV. 566 It is needless to attempt an enumeration of all the Khaki dyes of India. 1898B. Burleigh Sirdar & Khalifa ix. 128 The Kharkie trousers of the Lincolns and Warwicks. 1900Daily News 24 Mar. 6/5 Stockings, gloves, sunshades, all are to be khaki.
B. n. A fabric of this colour now largely employed in the British army for field-uniforms. Originally of stout twilled cotton (khaki drill), but more recently made also of wool (khaki bedford, k. serge). Also (usu. pl.), a uniform or garment made from this fabric.
In India, khaki was used for uniforms by the Guide Corps under Lumsden and Hodson in 1848, by the troops in the Mutiny of 1857, in the Afghan campaigns of 1878–80, etc. It was worn in the Sudan Wars of 1883–98, and esp. by the British troops in South Africa in 1899–. (Quots. 1857–59 may mean simply the colour: cf. ‘dressed in white’.)
1857H. B. Edwardes Let. 21 July in Lumsden & Elsmie Lumsden of Guides (1899) 200 The whole of the troops here are dressed in khâkee. 1859Sir J. Murray Disp. 27 Apr. in Delhi Gaz. 23 June, The Infantry were dressed in khakee. 1879E. S. Bridges Round the World in 6 Months 203 The troops here are dressed in khaki..It is a kind of strong brown holland, and appears to me to be made of flax. 1883Times 11 July 7 Marksmen..in the case of some of the Indian team, in the light serviceable dust-coloured khakee. 1886Yule s.v., The original khakee was a stout cotton cloth, but the colour was also used in broad⁓cloth. 1892Pall Mall G. 25 Apr. 7/1 Khaki is not showy enough except when it is new and well made up, and if constantly worn it tends to promote slovenliness. 1899S. Crane in Cornh. Mag. Dec. 749 In came Casper, thin, yellow, and in soiled khaki. 1936Amer. Speech XI. 50 Unless he learns..to restrict the use of khaki to cotton uniforms of that shade..he is still a John [viz. a recruit]. 1956Ibid. XXXI. 192 A marine's uniform wardrobe consists of greens, blues, khakis. 1956H. Gold Man who was not with It (1965) xviii. 157 Once I sat wearing nothing but a pair of shiny starched new khakis. 1961Harper's Mag. Oct. 43/2 The only clothing I owned was four pairs of khakis, three sweat shirts, a tweed jacket. 1970‘T. Coe’ Wax Apple (1973) i. 8 He was short and wiry, dressed in khakis and T-shirt.
b. Used for a soldier clothed in khaki.
1899Lumsden & Elsmie Lumsden of Guides 85 There used to be a good deal of rivalry between the Guides and the 1st Punjab Rifles..the former were styled ‘Khákis’ from their dust-coloured clothing. Mod. Newspr., Before daylight the Khakis were at them again.
C. As adj., adv., or n. in such constr. as to vote khaki, a khaki election, a khaki policy, the khaki loan (khakis), etc., used in reference to the South African War of 1899–1902, and the war spirit in England at the time. Also as khaki election, khaki vote, also used of the general elections of 1918 and 1931.
1900G. Faber Sp. in Yorksh. Herald 5 Jan. 6/2 Are you..going to..vote solid for our Government? Or may I put it in another way,..will you vote khaki? 1900Westm. Gaz. 7 Feb. 2/2 The electors at York have voted khaki, as Mr. Faber invited them to do. Ibid. 8 Mar. 9/1 The market does not know whether the new war loan, Khakis, will be offered at 97, 98, 99, or 100. Ibid. 10 Mar. 2/2 The financial aspects of the ‘Khaki’ Loan of {pstlg}30,000,000. Ibid. 23 Mar. 1/3 Complications of all kinds are likely to arise as the khaki feeling dies down. Ibid. 26 May 2/2 The result in South Manchester is a great deal more khaki than that in the Isle of Wight. 1900Dundee Advertiser 21 Aug. 4 What right has the Government to attempt to ride back to power on ‘khaki’? 1900St. James's Gaz. 21 Sept. 6/1 Khaki and Imperialistic allusions are worked in [to a play] to the entire satisfaction of the audience. 1913Everyday Phrases Explained 164 The Khaki Election. This was the General Election of 1900, when the Government appealed successfully to the country for its approval of the South African War. 1917G. B. Shaw What I really wrote about War (1930) x. 273 You may look forward with exultation to a century of triumphant khaki elections. 1918Times 23 Aug. 8/4 Parliament clearly contemplated a khaki election in the best sense, with every soldier, sailor,..and Red Cross worker voting on the sole but splendid qualification of national service. Ibid., Above all, in 1900 there was no khaki vote. That is the great dividing line which the Reform Act has drawn between 1900 and 1918. 1958Times 15 Feb. 8/4 In November, 1918, she was adopted..as a candidate for Parliament. At the ‘khaki election’ she stood as a Coalition candidate. 1963Times 6 Feb. 15/1 The ‘khaki election’ of 1900, when the Conservatives swept the country. 1968A. Marwick Brit. in Cent. of Total War iii. 94 The election of 14 December 1918..was a ‘Khaki’ election in which the dominant element was patriotic hysteria. 1971D. Ayerst Guardian xxx. 472 Sir Warren Fisher..remained at the Treasury..and Ramsay Macdonald at 10 Downing St. He decided to hold a khaki election.
D. Comb., as khaki-bound, khaki-clad, khaki-clothed, khaki coloured, khaki-hued adjs.; khaki bos, bush S. Afr., (a) one of several herbs of the family Compositæ, Tagetes minuta, Inula graveolens, or Schkuhria pinata; (b) = khaki weed; khaki weed, Alternanthera repens, a member of the family Amaranthaceæ which has spread from South America to South Africa and Australia.
1900Academy 14 Apr. 313/1 A little *khaki-bound collection of ditties about fighting and fighting-men.
1947H. C. Bosman Mafeking Road xix. 108 He seemed to have picked out all the useless bits for his pictures—a krantz and a few stones and some clumps of *khaki-bos.
1907R. W. Thornton in Agric. Jrnl. Cape of Good Hope 7 Jan. 76 The *Khaki Bush is a species of Aplopappus... The plant is an annual shrub, rising on a straight main stem to a height of about from two to three feet, with fine pointed leaves and light yellow flowers, which yield an enormous quantity of fine seed. 1913C. Pettman Africanderisms 258 Khakibush. A species of Aplopappus. The name has reference to the dull fawn colour the withered leaves assume... The name is also applied to Alternanthera Achyrantha, R. Br., a troublesome weed now spread widely throughout South Africa, the seeds having been introduced from the Argentine Republic with imported fodder. The name was given to this plant because it made its appearance in military camps during the late war in places where it was previously unknown. 1932R. Marloth Flora S. Afr. III. ii. 239 Species [of Schkuhria] 12, one as a weed in S.A., S. bonariensis, Tr., khaki bush. 1932Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk Medicinal & Poisonous Plants S. Afr. 192 Inula graveolens Desf., Khaki bush, Khaki weed, Stinkweed (Australia) is an introduced species. Ibid. 195 Tagetes minuta L., an introduced weed, known as Khaki bush, Mexican marigold, and Kakiebos, is frequently referred to in the daily Press as an excellent parasiticide for cattle. 1956A. G. McRae Hill called Grazing ii. 15, I had never in all my life seen such a profusion of cockle burr, Scotch thistle and ‘khaki bush’.
1896C. Doyle in Westm. Gaz. 9 Apr. 2/1 We had speech with three *khaki-clad men.
1899Keene's Bath Jrnl. 2 Dec. 6/1 It was impossible to distinguish the *khaki-clothed firing line.
1879F. T. Pollok Sport Brit. Burmah II. 177 *Khakie-coloured cloth is the best for shooting purposes.
1900Westm. Gaz. 16 Feb. 3/2 The eleven will wear *khaki-hued jerseys.
1900Westm. Gaz. 30 Oct. 8/1 What boys they looked, some of the sunburnt *khaki-men.
1907H. G. Mundy in Transvaal Agricultural Jrnl. V. 939 *Khaki-weed or Amaranthus weed (Alternanthera echinata). 1932R. Marloth Flora S. Afr. III. ii. 239 Species [of Tagetes] about 40, Amer., one as a weed in S.A., T. minuta (khaki weed). 1953P. Lanham Blanket Boy's Moon ii. vi. 131 Matekoane is a weed resembling the khaki weed. 1958N. Gordimer World of Strangers xiv. 212 Khaki-weed, the growth of neglect and desolation, standing dead and high. 1965Austral. Encycl. I. 167/2 The South American annual needle burr (Amaranthus spinosus) and khaki weed (Alternanthera repens) have become serious pests in Queensland.
Hence (often with capital initial) ˈkhakied |ˈkɑːkɪd| pa. pple., dressed in khaki; fig. possessed by a militant spirit; ˈkhakiism, militant spirit or policy; ˈkhakiite, an enthusiast for a war policy; ˈkhakiness = khakiism. (All temporary.)
1900Westm. Gaz. 4 May 2/2 The Portsmouth electors..did not allow themselves to be persuaded..into khakiness. 1900Daily Express 26 June 5 (Cassell's Suppl.), The departure of khakied troops for the front. 1900National Rev. June 535 There is no reason to suppose that Lord Salisbury has, so far, surrendered to Khakiism. Ibid., The Khakiites are strenuous and determined. 1904Westm. Gaz. 19 Nov. 2/1 The last election, when certainly the confidence-trick was indeed played on a Khakied nation. 1945Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Jan. 34 These millions of Khakied citizens run the whole gamut of traditional military gradation. |