| 释义 |
▪ I. kedge, n.|kɛdʒ|
[? short for kedge-anchor. Also catch: see catch n.3]
= kedge-anchor.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789), Kedge, a small anchor used to keep a ship steady whilst she rides in a harbour or river, particularly at the turn of the tide... The kedges are also..useful in transporting a ship, i.e. removing her from one part of the harbour to another, by means of ropes. 1833M. Scott Tom Cringle ix. (1859) 197 The schooner every now and then taking the ground, but she was always quickly warped off again by a kedge. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. (1858) 22 The other moiety of the men, tugging hard on kedge and haulser, drew the vessel off.
Comb.1836Encycl. Brit. (ed. 7) XII. 684/1 This is..prevented by a kedge-rope that hinders her from approaching it.
▪ II. kedge, a. E. Angl. dial.
Also 5 kygge, kydge (? kyde), 9 kidge.
[Of unknown etym.; cf. kedgy, cadgy.]
Brisk, lively; in good spirits.
c1440Promp. Parv. 274/2 Kygge, or ioly (H. kydge, P. kyde), jocundus, hillaris, vernosus. 1674Ray S. & E. Countrey Words 69 Kedge, brisk, budge, lively, Suff. 1801Bloomfield Rural T., Rich. & Kate xxiv, I'm surely growing young again; I feel myself so kedge and plump. 1829H. Murray North America II. iii. iii. 367 Are his spirits kedge? 1856in W. S. Simpson's Life (1899) 30, I ain't so well to-day as I was yesterday: I was quite kidge then.
▪ III. kedge, v. Naut.|kɛdʒ|
Also 7 kedg.
[Perh. a specialized variant of cadge v. For the change from a to e, cf. keg, ketch, from cag, catch, etc.
The earliest forms evidenced are those of the vbl. n. kedging in the comb. cagging-anchor, -cable, and the agent-n. kedger (cagger) which are perh. to be referred to cadge v. in the sense ‘tie, fasten’. The vb. may be a back-formation from this, after the special sense was developed.]
intr. a. To warp a ship, or move it from one position to another by winding in a hawser attached to a small anchor dropped at some distance; also trans. to warp. b. Of a ship: To move by means of kedging.
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. vii. 29 The least are called Kedgers, to use in calme weather.., or to kedg vp and downe a narrow Riuer. 1678Phillips (ed. 4), To Kedge, to set up the Foresail or Foretopsail and Missen, and set a Ship to drive with the Tide [1706 letting fall, and lifting up the Kedge-Anchor, as often as Occasion serves] when in a narrow River we would bring her up or down, the Wind being contrary to the Tide. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxiv. 75 She went to windward as though she were kedging. 1897tr. Nansen's Farthest North I. 166 We ‘kedged’ the Fram with her anchor just clear of the bottom.
So kedging |ˈkɛdʒɪŋ| vbl. n. (also 5 caggering (?), cagg(e)-, kaggyng), warping with a kedge-anchor; also attrib.
1485Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 52 Cables..vj, Caggering [sic] cables..j. 1486Ibid. 12 A caggeyng cable weying mlc iij quarterons. Ibid. 18 Caggyng cable..j. 1495Ibid. 192 Kaggyng Ankers..ij. 1497Ibid. 290 Ankers of diuerse sortes..Caggyng Ankers j, Warpyng Ankers j. 1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. vii. 29 They row by her with an Anchor in a boat, and..so by a Hawser winde her head about,..and this is kedging. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. s.v., They..let fall [a small anchor] in the middle of the Stream, and so wend or turn her Head about, lifting the Anchor up again... This work is called Kedging,..and the Anchor..the Kedger, or Kedge-Anchor. 1830Marryat King's Own xlii. 1891Times 24 Oct. 6/6 That he had, during a calm, propelled the Minnow by means of kedging. |