| 释义 |
Anasazi, n. and a.
Brit. |ˌanəˈsɑːzi|, |ˌanəˈsazi|, U.S. |ˌænəˈsɑzi|
Plural unchanged, -s
[‹ Navajo Öanaasází, lit. ‘enemy ancestors’, ‘alien ancestors’ > n. 3 and etymological note s.v.]
A. n. Archaeol. A member of the Basket Maker people, or of their successors the early Pueblo people, of the uplands of northern Arizona, New Mexico, southern Utah, and Colorado, together considered as forming one continuous civilization; the culture of this civilization, esp. in the phase between c 400 and 1300 a.d. Cf. Basket Maker n. at basket n. Compounds 2, pueblo n., old one n. 3.
1936A. V. Kidder in Ess. Anthropol. presented to A. L. Kroeber 152 We must speak of Hohokam and Basket Maker-Pueblo. But the latter is an unwieldy designation... Might we therefore not use the word Anasazi, which has the same meaning (‘Old People’) in Navaho that Hohokam bears in Pima? It would apply to the northern or San Juan Basket Maker and Developmental Basket Maker; and to those Pueblo groups which can be shown to have derived the basic framework of their culture from the Basket Maker. 1948A. L. Kroeber Anthropol. (rev. ed.) xviii. 806 Mogollon is much less distinctive and decisive than Anasazi and Hohokam, it faded away earlier, and some authorities still look upon it as only a local variant of Anasazi, or a temporary and regional blend of that and Hohokam. 1957Encycl. Brit. I. 878/2 Living descendants of the Anasazi are the Pueblo Indians of Arizona and New Mexico. 1991Wicazo Sa Rev. Fall 38 North of the Rio Grande, the Anasazis had by the year 1200 completed construction of their cities at Mesa Verde (Colorado) and Chaco Canyon (New Mexico).
B. adj. Archaeol. Of, designating, or belonging to the Anasazi or their culture.
1936A. V. Kidder in Southwestern Lore Dec. 47 We are now able to follow Anasazi culture backward through the Pueblo and Basket Maker periods..the stage at which the manufacture of pottery began. 1948A. L. Kroeber Anthropol. (rev. ed.) xviii. 809 Parallel to the Anasazi development is the Hohokam one of lowland, desert, torrid southern Arizona. 1992Indian Trader Oct. 14/1 Casa Rinconada is Anasazi and ancestral to the modern day Pueblo people.
Special uses. Anasazi bean n. (also with lower-case initial) (the seed of) a variety of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, resembling the pinto bean, which was found growing wild about Anasazi ruins near Durango, Colorado, and which is now grown and dried commercially (Anasazi Beans is a proprietary name in the United States).
1956Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 43 220 Northern Periphery and *Anasazi beans do not correspond completely. 1986Los Angeles Times 18 Sept. viii. 27/6 I'm looking for a store that sell [sic] anasazi beans (pink beans with a white stripe). 2000Native Peoples: Arts & Lifeways No. 5. 26/4 The handsome red and white Anasazi beans in the hearty soup..have been cultivated continuously in this region for at least 1,000 years. |