| 释义 |
▪ I. jumping, vbl. n.|ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ|
[f. jump v. + -ing1.]
a. The action of jump v., in various senses.
1565Cooper Thesaurus, Saltatio, daunsyng, iumpyng. 1568Bible (Bishops') Nahum iii. 2 The praunsing of horses and the iumping of charrets. 1699Bentley Phal. (1836) I. 242 There was either a strange jumping of good wits, or Democritus was a sorry plagiary. 1889Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 25 Apr. 73 An organized and systematic ‘jumping’ of the claims of the men whose title rests on this fraud. Mod. Newsp. The jumping was exceptionally good.
b. attrib., as jumping-board, a spring-board; also fig.; jumping jockey = jump jockey s.v. jump-; jumping-off board = jumping-board; jumping-off ground, jumping-off place, (a) a place at which one jumps off from a conveyance or alights at the end of a journey, or from which one jumps off into the region beyond; also transf. and fig.; (b) N. Amer., a place regarded as being the farthest limit of civilization or settlement; a very remote place; the extreme limit of the earth; also fig.; (c) a starting-point for aircraft or the like; so jumping-off point, spot; jumping-pole, a long pole used in jumping long distances or in making pole-vaults; jumping-powder, a slang name for a stimulant taken by a rider to nerve him for jumping; jumping-sheet, a stout sheet into which persons may jump from a burning building; jumping-wire, on a submarine: see quot. 1974.
1878H. H. Jackson Bits Trav. at Home 53 There are public gardens..with little ponds, and boats, and targets, and *jumping-boards. 1909Athenæum 21 Aug. 218/2 A jumping-board for the imagination to spring from.
1947W. Bebbington Rogues go Racing xviii. 115 There are some [jockeys] who are known to me as habitual gamblers. Particularly is this so with certain of our ‘*jumping’ jockeys.
1914Eng. Rev. Sept. 237 Salonika..was to be the German *jumping-off board to Asia Minor. 1931Musical Times 1 June 497/2 His studies abroad had given him a stock of admirably nurtured gifts, but no jumping-off board such as that offered by a career in an English institution.
1897Daily News 24 Feb. 5/5 The strip of territory on the Transvaal border, which Mr. Stead called..the ‘*jumping-off ground’. 1900Ibid. 21 May 3/1 To achieve the independence of the Republics, and from that jumping-ground begin anew. 1934R. Macaulay Going Abroad xi. 82 That's absolutely the best *jumping-off ground for the new life. 1959P. Moyes Dead Men don't Ski vi. 74 Tangiers is a convenient jumping-off ground.
1826T. Flint Recoll. 366 Being, as they phrase it, the ‘*jumping off place’, it is necessarily the resort of desperate, wicked, and strange creatures who wish to fly away from poverty, infamy, and the laws. 1834S. E. Dawson Handbk. Canada 68 Yarmouth, the jumping-off place of Nova Scotia. 1834H. M. Brackenridge Recoll. x. 111, I had no jumping off or jumping up place, like those who prepare their exordium and perorations, and leave the body of the speech to take care of itself. 1847W. I. Paulding in J. K. & W. I. Paulding Amer. Comedies 197, I have hunted all over them parts, almost clean out to the jumping off place of creation. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. x. (1856) 70 It is the jumping-off place of Arctic navigators—our last point of communication with the outside world. 1899B. Tarkington Gentleman from Indiana xv. 266 He had come to a jumping-off place in his life—why had they not let him jump? 1900Daily News 16 Feb. 6/2 If we may borrow a figure from South African politics, the Pamirs are a ‘jumping off place’ for the Russian invaders of Afghanistan and India. 1909F. Ash Trip to Mars xvii. 131 A narrow platform which had been erected as a ‘jumping-off place’ for fliers. 1922Encycl. Brit. XXX. 14/2 The Governments demanded that their aeroplanes should be transported in crates, or towed with folded wings to their jumping-off places. 1930G. B. Shaw Apple Cart i. 37 Today the nation would be equally amazed if a man of his ability thought it worth his while to prefer the woolsack even to the stool of an office boy as a jumping-off place for his ambition. 1953F. Stark Coast of Incense 242 The way to carry out an adventure is to organize the jumping-off place as near to its borders as possible. 1964D. Jenness Eskimo Admin. II. 14 Archdeacon Stuck described Herschel Island during the whaling period as ‘the world's last jumping-off place, where no law existed and no writs ran’.
1927R. H. Wilenski Mod. Movement in Art i. 13 An emotional reaction as the sole *jumping-off point. 1958G. Lascelles in P. Gammond Decca Bk. Jazz viii. 100 It is not unnatural..for New York to have been the proving ground and the jumping-off point for a new sort of music.
1909Daily Chron. 8 Sept. 1/4 To reach the neighbourhood of Cape Columbia.., his elected *jumping-off spot for the Pole. 1966Beautiful Brit. Columbia Spring 23/1 Prince Rupert..is a jumping-off spot for the Queen Charlotte Islands.
1873L. Troubridge Life amongst Troubridges (1966) vi. 47 We..jumped loads of ditches, and when we came to a very large one we made a bridge of our *jumping poles. 1972Listener 31 Aug. 274/2 We had jumping-poles and we jumped from one rock to another.
1826Sporting Mag. XVII. 374 The fences come very quick in Shropshire, and a little *jumping-powder is often found useful. 1858‘Scrutator’ [Horlock] Master of Hounds (1864) 91, I have not yet had my glass of jumping powder.
1846Mechanics' Mag. XLIV. 228 The canvass escape alluded to..is the ‘*jumping sheet’ of the philanthropic Captain Manby.
1919Jane's Fighting Ships 318 *Jumping wires were added to French submarines. 1940‘N. Shute’ Landfall iii. 73 ‘Did you notice how many jumping-wires she had?’ ‘That's the wire that runs from bow to stern over the conning-tower, isn't it?’ ‘That's right. Did she have one or two?’ 1974G. Jenkins Bridge of Magpies xv. 223 Her jumping-wire—the thick cable designed to slice through undersea objects like mine moorings—which runs from bow to stern via the conning-tower.
▪ II. jumping, ppl. a.|ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ|
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
a. That jumps, in various senses of the verb. jumping cat: see cat n.1 13 e.
1567[implied in jumpingly below]. 1611Bible Nahum iii. 2 The noise of..the praunsing horses, and of the iumping charets. 1659D. Pell Impr. Sea 416 They can very well..abide the jumping waves of the Seas. 1844W. H. Maxwell Sport & Adv. Scotl. xiii. (1855) 118 There is..what seamen call a jumping sea. 189919th Cent. Oct. 692 The worship of the Jumping Cat, and the appeal to the man in the street.
b. In names of animals characterized by their jumping or springing movement: jumping-beetle, an insect destructive to turnips, etc.; jumping-bug, an insect of the family Halticoridæ; jumping deer, either of two North American animals, the pronghorn, Antilocapra americana, or the mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus; jumping-hare, a rodent quadruped of S. Africa, Pedetes caffer or Helamys capensis, resembling the jerboa; jumping-louse, a flea-louse, a jumping plant-louse; jumping-mouse, (a) the American deermouse, Zapus hudsonius; (b) = jumping-rat; jumping-mullet, a catostomoid fish of North America, Moxostoma cervinum; also a gray mullet, Mugil albula; jumping-rat, a rodent of the family Dipodidæ; jumping-shrew, the elephant-shrew of Africa, an insectivorous quadruped of the family Macroscelididæ; jumping-spider, one of the group of spiders which leap upon their prey, instead of spinning a web to catch it.
1817Blackw. Mag. II. 235 His turnips are devoured by the *jumping beetle.
1806A. Henry Jrnl. 14 July in E. Coues New Light Hist. Greater Northwest (1897) I. ix. 305 Herds of cabbrie or *jumping deer were always in sight. 1831R. Cox Adv. Columbia River II. 364 The jumping-deer, or chevreuil,..frequent the vicinity of the mountains in considerable numbers. 1908J. W. Tyrrell Across Sub-Arctics of Canada (ed. 3) xxi. 243 Jumping Deer are found in more or less abundance throughout the timbered country about southern parts of the [Hudson] Bay. 1936D. McCowan Animals Canad. Rockies xxxi. 265 The Mule deer is most common... In some parts of Canada the animal is called Jumping deer, this from its well known habit of progressing when alarmed in a series of immense leaps and bounds. 1961R. P. Hobson Rancher takes Wife vii. 108 There were the tiny little white-tailed jumping deer that would make about four meals for one man.
1839Penny Cycl. XIX. 513/2 This is the..Spring-Has or *Jumping Hare of the Dutch.
Ibid. 509/2 *Jumping Mice. 1849Sk. Nat. Hist., Mammalia IV. 41 The Labrador Jumping Mouse..is very common in the fur countries of North America.
1766J. Bartram Jrnl. 14 Jan. in Stark Acc. E. Florida 35 Saw a mullet jump three times in a minute or two, which they generally do before they rest, so are called *jumping-mullets.
1900H. A. Bryden Animals Afr. ii. 16 The typical Cape *jumping shrew has a long, proboscis-like nose, large ears, long, thin hind legs, which enable him to take enormous leaps for his size, and a long, rat-like tail. 1920F. W. Fitzsimons Nat. Hist. S. Afr. Mammals IV. 2 There are several species or kinds of Jumping or Elephant Shrews inhabiting South Africa. 1971D. J. Potgieter et al. Animal Life S. Afr. 346/2 The elephant-shrews or jumping shrews (Macroscelidea) are insect-eaters, and the whole order is confined to Africa.
1813Bingley Anim. Biog. (ed. 4) III. 363 The *Jumping Spider..does not, like many others, take its prey by means of a net, but is constrained to seize them only by its own activity.
c. jumping-bean, (a) the seed of a Mexican euphorbiaceous plant, which jumps about by reason of the movements of the larva of a tortricid moth (Carpocapsa saltitans) enclosed within it (Cent. Dict.); (b) a toy consisting of a small bean-shaped capsule containing a weight such as a lead ball which causes it to move unaided down a sloping surface; jumping-betty, a popular name of the Garden Balsam, Impatiens Balsamina, the seeds of which jump out of the elastic capsules when these are touched (Parish Sussex Gloss. 1875); jumping-jack, a child's toy made out of the merry-thought of a fowl; a toy figure of a man, which is made to jump by being pulled with strings; also transf.: see quots.; jumping-Johnny (see quot.); jumping-seed = jumping-bean (a).
1889Cent. Dict., *Jumping-bean. 1896Chambers's Jrnl. 18 Apr. 249 A new botanical curiosity..has lately been brought into notice in England under the name of ‘A Jumping Bean’. 1910Boy's Own Paper 15 Jan. 256 Tommy (who has been watching the jumping beans for some time): ‘Oi'm waitin' to see them sticks walk.’ 1972F. Warner Maquettes 14 Along they go, like jumping beans from a toy factory. 1972Swan & Papp Common Insects N. Amer. 312 The wriggling larva of an olothreutid moth, Laspeyresia saltitans, is the activator of the Mexican ‘jumping bean’, the seed of a species of Croton.
1883E. E. Hale in Harper's Mag. Jan. 277/1 Barley-candy statuettes, *jumping-jacks, and other..toys. 1884Henley & Stevenson Deacon Brodie ii. v. (1892) 50 He was my butt, my ape, my jumping-jack. 1899Westm. Gaz. 26 May 3/2 By sailors the crested penguin is known by the name of the ‘jumping jack’, from its habit of jumping from the water.
1865Reader No. 140. 264/1 The plate-sawing machine called a *Jumping Johnny.
1876Field & Forest II. 53 These so-called *jumping seeds received from California. 1889Wesley Naturalist III. 22 Those are the only ‘jumping seeds’ of which I had even heard until I met with these of Natal.
Hence ˈjumpingly adv., in a jumping manner.
1567Drant Horace, Arte Poetrye A iv b, Do not imitate So iumpingly, so precyselie And step, for step so strayte. 1855Chamb. Jrnl. III. 388 This amphitheatre slopes roughly, jumpingly down to a river. |