| 释义 |
anaerobe Biol.|əˈneɪərəʊb, əˈnɛərəʊb|
[ad. F. anaérobie (Pasteur 1863, in Comptes Rendus LVI. 1192), f. an- 10 + aerobe.]
A micro-organism of the group Anaerobia, which can live without free oxygen. So anaeˈrobian, anaerobic |-ˈɒbɪk|, anaeˈrobious adjs., of the nature of or pertaining to anaerobes; capable of living without free oxygen; anaeˈrobically adv.; aˌnaerobiˈosis, life in a medium devoid of free oxygen; aˌnaerobiˈotic |-ˈɒtɪk| a., pertaining to or characterized by anaerobiosis, anaerobic.
1879Faulkner & Robb tr. Pasteur's Ferment. iv. 116 We may divide living beings into two classes, aërobian..and anaërobian. 1884Klein Micro-Org. vi. 34 Some bacteria require free access of oxygen, and are called aërobic (Pasteur); others grow without free oxygen, and are anaërobic (Pasteur). 1884W. Stirling tr. L. Landois' Physiol. I. iv. 374 This fungus [sc. Bacillus butyricus]..is a true anaërobe, and grows only in the absence of O[xygen]. 1885Vines in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 51/2 It is just the anaerobiotic plants which are most highly endowed with the property of exciting fermentation. 1887Anaerobically [see aerobe]. 1891Linsley tr. Fraenkel's Bacteriol. 115 That the anaërobia in particular distinguish themselves by generating gases is already known. 1894Pop. Sci. Monthly June 278 With special reference to anaerobiosis and gas production among bacteria. 1914G. B. Shaw Misalliance 15 There was a regular terror of a countess with an anaerobic system [of drainage]. 1931Discovery Sept. 303/2 The distinction, seldom made, between anaerobic respiration and fermentation is pointed out. 1949H. W. Florey Antibiotics I. i. i. 32 He isolated two anaerobes, one of which,..had apparently no direct effect in inhibiting the growth of any of a considerable number of organisms. 1958New Biol. XXV. 87 Where the lagoons are not too deep, i.e. where the surface area is sufficiently large in relation to the volume of sewage, it is possible to dissolve, by diffusion at the surface, sufficient oxygen from the air to prevent anaerobiosis and consequent odour. 1959J. Clegg Freshwater Life (ed. 2) 68 The decomposition of the organic remains by anaerobic bacteria results in the formation of sulphuretted hydrogen. 1961Lancet 22 July 210/2 The cells..are proliferating under virtually anaerobic conditions. |