| 释义 |
jovial, a.|ˈdʒəʊvɪəl|
[a. F. jovial (Rabelais, a 1553), ad. It. gioviale ‘borne vnder the planet Ioue’ (Florio, 1598), ad. L. joviāl-is of or pertaining to Jupiter, f. Jovi-s: see Jove and -al1.]
†1. Of or pertaining to Jove; Jove-like, majestic.
1604Drayton Owl 220 When this princely jovial fowl [the eagle] they saw. 1610Healey St. Aug. Citie of God iii. xxvii. (1620) 137 Merula the Iouiall Flamine cut his owne veines and so bled himselfe out of their danger. 1611Heywood Gold. Age iii. Wks. 1874 III. 50 All that stand Sink in the weight of his high Iouiall hand.
2. Of or belonging to the planet Jupiter; also absol. as n. An inhabitant of Jupiter.
1665R. Hooke Microgr. 240 The highest of Jupiter's Moons is between twenty and thirty Jovial Semidiameters distant from the Center of Jupiter. 1690Leybourn Curs. Math. 450 b, Saturn..hath several..lesser Planets, like the Jovial Satellites. a1734North Lives, Guildford (1826) II. 183 Applying Jovial observations to marine uses, for finding longitudes at sea. 1870Proctor Other Worlds 122 There must be four moons visible above the horizon of the Jovials.
†3. Her. Azure in colour. Obs.
1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 173 In Ioviall blew mantles, as a man would say in the colour of iust Iupiter.
†4. Alchemy. Of tin. Obs.
1694Salmon Bate's Dispens. 337/1 This Jovial Bezoartick is one of the best Preparations that can be made of Tin.
†5. Astrol. Under the influence of, or having the qualities imparted by, the planet Jupiter, which as a natal planet was regarded as the source of joy and happiness. Also absol. as n. Obs.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. xii. 51 Therewith the Heauens alwaies iouiall, Lookte on them louely. 1605Timme Quersit. i. xi. 47 There are starres which haue their most colde and moyst spirites;..others hote and moyst, as the Iovialls. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. (J.), The fixed stars are astrologically differenced by the planets, and are esteemed martial or jovial, according to the colours whereby they answer these planets. 1656Culpepper Eng. Physic. s.v. Endive, A fine cooling, clensing, jovial plant. 1656Stanley Hist. Philos. v. (1701) 207/1 According to that Star..the Aspect of one is Saturnine, of another Jovial, &c. in their looks were read the nature of their Souls. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. Isagoge, The Joviall, are the Hart, bull, elephant, lamb and sheep. 1863Miss Sewell Chr. Names I. 363 The word jovial is an allusion to the supposed influence of the planet Jupiter.
6. Characterized by hearty mirth, humour, or good fellowship; merry, jolly; convivial.
1596Drayton Legends iv. 223 As meerely Ioviall in my selfe was I. 1605Shakes. Macb. iii. ii. 28 Be bright and Iouiall among your Guests to Night. 1631R. Bolton Comf. Affl. Consc. (1635) 293 The joviall, good-fellow-mirth of carnall men. 1685Dryden Misc. II. Pref., Some of them [odes of Horace] are..jovial (or, if I may so call them) Bacchanalian. 1789W. Buchan Dom. Med. (1790) 265, I have often known the quinsey prove fatal to jovial companions. 1833I. Taylor Fanat. iv. 72 Men of the present age are..merry or jovial rather than joyous. 1898H. Calderwood Hume iii. 28 A jovial spirit characterised even literary gatherings.
† Hence joviaˈlissime, a. Obs. [after L. or It. superlatives in -issimus, issimo], most jovial.
1652Urquhart Jewel Wks. (1834) 231 The exuberant diversitie of his jovialissime entertainment. |