| 释义 |
isotropic, a. Physics.|aɪsəʊˈtrɒpɪk|
[f. iso- + Gr. τρόπ-ος turn, way, manner, disposition + -ic. Cf. Gr. ἰσότροπος of like character.]
Exhibiting equal physical properties or actions (e.g. refraction of light, elasticity, conduction of heat or electricity) in all directions: opp. to æolotropic or anisotropic. Also isoˈtropically adv., equally in all directions.
1864in Webster citing Nichol. 1867Thomson & Tait Nat. Phil. I. 518 The substance of a homogeneous solid is called isotropic when a spherical portion of it, tested by any physical agency, exhibits no difference in quality, however it is turned. 1879Rutley Stud. Rocks ix. 79 To distinguish singly-refracting or isotropic from doubly-refracting or anisotropic minerals. 1885Electrician 24 Jan. 220/1 If µ = constant, all space equally magnetisable isotropically, then B is the same multiple of H everywhere. 1894Naturalist 68 The rock further resembles certain of the Leinster granites in containing grains of isotropic garnet. 1896Yale Univ. Grad. Course Instruct. 71 Propagation of light in isotropic and aeolotropic media. 1946Nature 5 Oct. 483/1 The crystal structure of silver is cubic and it expands isotropically. 1970G. K. Woodgate Elem. Atomic Struct. vi. 98 The electrons are moving freely, with no forces acting on them, and their translational momenta can be taken to be directed isotropically in momentum space.
So isotrope |ˈaɪsəʊtrəʊp|, a. isotropous |ˈaɪsəʊtrəʊpəs|, a. = prec. isotropy |aɪˈsɒtrəpɪ|, the condition or quality of being isotropous.
1885Landois & Stirling Hum. Physiol. II. 624 The contractile substance [of muscle fibres] doubly refracts light and is said to be anisotropous, while the ground-substance causes single refraction, and is isotropous. 1888Ld. Rayleigh in Philos. Mag. Sept. 242 There is involved no assumption as to the homogeneity or isotropy of the dielectric medium. |