| 释义 |
isooctane|aɪsəʊˈɒkteɪn|
Also iso-octane.
[f. iso- + octane.]
†a. 2-Methylheptane, CH3·(CH2)4·CH(CH3)·CH3, a liquid hydrocarbon that occurs in petroleum. Obs.
1909L. Clarke in Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. XXXI. 107 In this paper are described the preparation and properties of iso-octane or 2-methyl heptane... Iso-octane is the ninth hydrocarbon to be prepared in the series C8H18. 1911Ibid. XXXIII. 524 2-Methylheptane (or iso-octane) has the boiling point 116°. [1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. I. 249/1 Although the name isooctane correctly designates 2-methylheptane, it should be avoided because of the unfortunate use of the misnomer ‘isooctane’ in the petroleum industry to represent 2, 2, 4-trimethylpentane.]
b. 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, (CH3)3C·CH2·CH(CH3)·CH3, a colourless liquid hydrocarbon which is used in aviation fuels and as a solvent and which, because of its good antiknock properties, is taken as a standard in the determination of octane numbers (being assigned the number 100).
This use of the name does not conform to the convention for using iso- described s.v. iso- b.
1932Bureau of Standards Jrnl. Res. (U.S.) IX. 269 As a criterion for the purity of commercial ‘iso-octane’, it is desirable to have a reliable value for the freezing point. 1938Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 239 isoOctane..is now produced commercially for blending purposes from isobutylene via diisobutylene. 1946Industr. Chemist XXII. 519/1 This small yield of isooctane was the backbone of the 87 octane no. finished aviation grade produced commercially before the war. 1954D. M. Desoutter All about Aircraft vii. 120/2 A fuel of 130 octane is one which allows a standard test engine to give 30 per cent more power than it would when using pure iso-octane. 1962Biochim. & Biophys. Acta LXI. 467 It occurred to us that the use of an organic solvent to detach lipid and lipoprotein from rat-liver microsomes might be possible, and this note presents results of the successful use of isooctane. 1971R. J. & J. S. Fessenden Basis Org. Chem. ii. 36 At one time, the branched-chain alkane erroneously named isooctane was the best antiknock fuel known. It was given an octane number of 100. |