| 释义 |
Iranian, a. and n.|ɪˈreɪnɪən, formerly aɪˈreɪnɪən|
[f. Pers. īrān Persia + -ian.]
A. adj.
1. Of or pertaining to Iran or Persia; in Compar. Philol. applied to one of the two Asiatic families of the Indo-European languages, comprising Zend and Old Persian and their modern descendants or cognates.
1841Latham Eng. Lang. 3 The Iranian stock, so called from the native name of Persia (Iran), containing the ancient, middle and modern Persian, with the allied tongues..of Curdistan, Affgaunistan, Beloochistan, and Bocharia. 1873Farrar Fam. Speech 58 The Aryans proper..still lingering in or near their old Iranian home. 1883St. James's Gaz. 7 Sept., The great depression to the north of the Iranian plateau.
†2.
a. = Aryan a. 1 a; Indo-European.
b. = Indo-Iranian. Obs.
1847Prichard in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 241 The Indo-European, sometimes termed Indo-German, and, by late writers, Arian or Iranian languages. 1850Latham Eng. Lang. (ed. 3) 94 The Iranian stock of languages.—This contains the proper Persian languages of Persia (Iran)..the Kurd language, and all the languages of Asia..derived from the Zend or Sanskrit.
B. n.
1. A member of the Iranian race; a speaker of an Iranian language.
1873Farrar Fam. Speech 77 The Aryans proper, who subsequently divided into Iranians and Hindoos. 1877G. Rawlinson Orig. Nations vi. 102 For the ornamentation of their buildings..the Iranians..employed sculpture.
2. The Iranian language.
1885Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 655/2 Afghan..is at bottom a pure Iranian language, not merely intermediate between Iranian and Indian. 1898R. Brown Semitic Influence Hellenic Mythol. iii. iii. 89 Its truth does not depend upon the fact that Iranian and Greek are two dialects of an original common speech. 1952G. Sarton Hist. Sci. I. xii. 312 Scythian was probably a form of Iranian, the northwestern branch of it. 1966Chambers's Encycl. VII. 705/2 The nations speaking Iranian are divided linguistically into two main groups.
So Iˈranic a.; Iˈranicize, Iˈranize v. trans., to make Iranian in character, etc.
1873Farrar Fam. Speech 80* [Table of the Aryan Languages] Iranic Family. 1877G. Rawlinson Orig. Nations vi. (1883) 21 Iranic civilization, of that or the Medes, the Persians, and..the Bactrians. 1899W. Z. Ripley Races of Europe xv. 420 The Azerbeidjians..have become much Iranized by contact with the dolichocephalic peoples of this region. 1945Jrnl. R. Anthrop. Inst. LXXV. 74/1 There is some reason to believe that the Daylamites were of pre-Iranian origin, but by the tenth century they were iranicized, although not entirely assimilated to the dominant race. 1948D. Diringer Alphabet 316 They [sc. Uighurs]..may conveniently be called Iranized Turks. 1961L. F. Brosnahan Sounds of Lang. viii. 177 A palatalisation..occurs in most of the Turco-Tartar languages..but not in..the iranised Uzbek dialects. |