| 释义 |
▪ I. inveterate, a. (n.)|ɪnˈvɛtərət|
Also 6–7 -at.
[ad. L. inveterāt-us become old, of long standing, chronic, pa. pple. of inveterāre to render old, to give age to, f. in- (in-2) + veterāre to make old.]
1. That has existed or continued for a long time; of old standing; aged. (Obs. or blended with 2.)
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 41 b/1 Take ashes which are burned of the inveterate sydes of a wyne⁓pipe, two pownde. 1599― tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 49/1 Those great Flyes which in the springe time of the yeare creepe out of inveterate walles. 1675Evelyn Terra (1776) 54 Rotten wood,..especially that which is taken out of an Inveterate willow-tree. 1794Gifford Baviad 217 There meagre shrubs inveterate mountains grace.
2. Firmly established by long continuance; long-established; deep-rooted; obstinate. (Now mostly of things evil.)
1563St. Andrews Kirk-sess. Reg. (1889) 189 The delacionis gevyn in upon tham..for huyrmongyn inveterat. 1602W. Fulbecke Pandectes 21 The king being the lawful owner then, because hee had inueterate possession in the same. 1616R. C. Times' Whistle vi. 2508 This vice is so inveterate, Growne to so strong a custome. 1692South 12 Serm. (1697) I. 470 A Resistance, and an Extirpation of inveterate, sinfull Habits. 1877J. D. Chambers Div. Worship 305 This abuse soon..became inveterate in the Ferial Office. 1883Sir C. Bowen in Law Rep. 11 Q. Bench Div. 341 By inveterate practice among most of the commercial nations of Europe, bills of lading have long been drawn..in sets of three or more.
b. Of disease: Of long standing, chronic; hence, deep-seated and resisting treatment.
1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. 2 C iij b, The curacyon of inueterate vlceres. 1578Lyte Dodoens v. lxxviii. 646 Medicines against an old inueterate cough. 1663Cowley Verses & Ess., Ode Harvey (1669) 13 We now thy patient Physick see, From all inveterate diseases free. 1798Malthus Popul. (1878) 226 The scurvy is in some places..inveterate. 1823J. Badcock Dom. Amusem. 186 The blisters..become inveterate sores.
c. Of evil feelings, prejudices, and the like.
1593Shakes. Rich. II, i. i. 14 [He appeals the Duke] On some apparant danger seene in him, Aym'd at your Highnesse, no inueterate malice. 1682Wood Life 3 May (O.H.S.) III. 14 He became an inveterate enimy to the court and prerogative. 1789Belsham Ess. I. ix. 183, I have an inveterate dislike to improvements merely speculative and theoretical. 1840Alison Hist. Europe (1850) VIII. lii. §3. 292 His old and inveterate enemies. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. v. 380 His relations with Francis..were those of inveterate hostility.
d. Persistent, lasting.
1777Sheridan Sch. Scand. iv. i, The merit of these is the inveterate likeness—all stiff and awkward as the originals, and like nothing in human nature besides. 1864D. G. Mitchell Sev. Stories 6 Is St. Peter's toe, of a truth, worn away with the inveterate kissings?
3. Full of obstinate prejudice or hatred; embittered, malignant; virulent. (Now vulgar.)
1528Roy Rede Me (Arb.) 89 They were confederate, With antichrist so inveterate. 1563Winȝet Wks. (1890) II. 54 Sa indurat, sa inueterat, and of sa schamelis a forret. 1648Hunting of Fox 13 Which makes them so inveterate against him. 1674Essex Papers (Camden) I. 222 There is also another party wch I am sure is inveterate towards me. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1792) II. 84 He was informed, in terms the most aggravating and inveterate, of the whole course and history of Ned's misbehaviour. 1861Dickens Gt. Expect. II. 264, I felt inveterate against him.
4. Settled or confirmed in habit, condition, or practice; habitual, hardened, obstinate.
1734Fielding Univ. Gallant Advt., Authors, whose works have been rejected at the theatres, are of all persons, they say, the most inveterate. 1832W. Irving Alhambra I. 6 Being a veteran and inveterate sportsman. 1859W. Collins Q. of Hearts i, He was an inveterate smoker.
B. n. One who is confirmed in some (evil) habit; a confirmed or hardened offender.
1828P. Cunningham N.S. Wales (ed. 3) II. 286 You can make these inveterates work by no other plan.
▪ II. inveterate, v. Obs. or arch.|ɪnˈvɛtəreɪt|
[f. L. inveterāt-, ppl. stem of inveterāre to render old; or f. prec. adj.]
trans. To render inveterate.
1. To make old; to establish or confirm by age or long continuance; to root or implant deeply; to render chronic; † also, to harden (the bowels); to render costive (obs.).
1574Newton Health Mag. 2 Although they [electuaries] doo purge, yet do they inveterate. 1623Cockeram ii, To make Olde, Antiquate, Inueterate. a1626Bacon Hist. Gt. Brit., An ancient tacit expectation which had by tradition been infused and inveterated into men's minds. 1749Fielding Grand Jury Charge Wks. 1784 X. 149 There are evils..which have so inveterated themselves in the blood of the body politic. 1835Emerson Corr. w. Carlyle I. v. 48 Love his catholicism that at his age can relish the Sartor, born and inveterated as he is in old books.
2. To render inveterate in enmity; to embitter.
1656J. Harrington Oceana (1700) 193 It inveterated the Bosoms of the Senat and the People each against other. |