| 释义 |
▪ I. walker, n.1|ˈwɔːkə(r)|
[f. walk v.1 + -er1.]
I. One who walks.
1. With the construction of the verb in various senses, e.g. One who walks in (a place), on (a surface), one who walks about.
† walker on ropes, a rope-walker, funambulist.
1362Langl. P. Pl. A. x. 102 And Riht so walkers þat walken A-bouten From Religion to Religion Recheles ben þei euere. c1394P. Pl. Crede 89 He [Paul. Phil. iii. 18] seyde..Wepyng, y warne ȝow of walkers aboute. c1530Hickescorner 373 Walkers by nyght. 1545Elyot Dict., Neurobatæ, walkers on cordes or ropes. 1587Golding De Mornay iii. (1592) 39 Calling him the euerlasting Father, the Walker vpon the Heauen of Heauens. c1618Moryson Itin. iv. v. iii. (1903) 476 Not to speake of frequent spectacles in London exhibited to the people by Fencers, by walkers on Ropes, and like men of actiuity. 1642Sir E. Dering Sp. on Relig. i. 2 So said one of the usuall blacke walkers in Westminster Hall. Another of our Parliament-pressing Ministers..told me plainely, That my conscience was not so good as in the beginning of the Parliament. 1866R. S. Candlish 1st Epist. John viii. 80 He was no privileged walker amid earth's dark scenes of misery and sin.
b. In transitive senses of the vb.: const. of.
1611Bible Judg. v. 6 The traueilers [marg. walkers of paths] walked thorow by-wayes. 1834Dickens Sk. Boz, Boarding-ho. i, A poetical walker of the hospitals.
c. walker-on: = walk-on n. 1 b.
1897G. B. Shaw Our Theatres in Nineties (1932) III. 217 A good deal of the technique acquired by American actors no doubt makes one almost long for the fatuous complacency of the British ‘walker-on’. 1936N. Streatfeild Ballet Shoes xiv. 212 Pauline and Petrova were, of course, principals, and as such separated from the ballet and walkers-on. 1948[see stand-in 2 a].
d. A person who takes dogs for walks as an occupation; also, one who rears puppies at home for a time before they are returned to kennels.
1930C. Frederick et al. Foxhunting v. 61 The training of..‘morale’ begins from the day when the puppy returns to kennels from its walker. 1967C. G. E. Wimhurst Bk. Working Dogs vii. 45 The day will come when the walker will have to return his charge to the Kennel. 1977Hooker & Butterworth M*A*S*H goes to Moscow (1979) vii. 80 A dog walker..is a person..who earns his living by collecting a dozen or so dogs and taking them all for a walk at once. 1984Leicester Mercury 28 June 25/2 Until they are 12 months old, the hound puppies are in the charge of the walkers who keep them at their homes.
†2. A traveller. In quot. fig. Obs.
c1430Pilgr. Lyf Manhode i. xiv. (1869) 9 Ther of certeyn hauen gret neede alle pilgrimes and alle walkers that passen bi this eerthe.
3. A person (or animal) that journeys or goes about on foot; one who takes walking exercise. Often with an epithet, as good, quick, slow etc. walker.
1578H. Wotton Courtlie Controv. 300 Hee..conducted them vnto the place where the collation was prepared for the walkers. 1596Spenser F.Q. iv. x. 25 And shadie seates, and sundry flowring bankes, To sit and rest the walkers wearie shankes. 1653Ramesey Astrol. Restored 193 If the walker go to visit any one,..he shall meet the party. 1713Steele Guardian No. 6 ⁋5 He gives Plates for the best performing Horse..for him that trots best,..for the best Walker, [etc.]. 1786Reynolds Disc. R. Acad. xiii. Wks. 1797 I. 287 The forms and turnings of the streets..are produced by accident, without any original plan or design: but they are not always the less pleasant to the walker or spectator, on that account. 1815Scott Guy M. lii, The cool breeze served only to freshen, not to chill, the fair walkers. 1858Mrs. Paul Maiden Sisters xxiii. 210, I am the worst walker of the three, and I am not the least tired. 1880M. E. Braddon Just as I am xxiii, She was an excellent walker.
b. One who takes part in walking-matches or walks for a wager.
1778Ann. Reg. 210 Mr. Powell, the noted walker, started from Lee-Bridge, to run two miles in ten minutes. 1866Athlete 120 The long distances being of too serious a character for the ambition of the amateur walkers of the present day.
c. A colporteur or tract-distributor.
1846James Step-mother xl. II. 122 ‘A walker of the Tract Society’, said Mr. Prior to himself, as he eyed him.
d. dial. An itinerant beggar or vagrant.
1850Denham Pop. Rhymes etc. I. of Man Tracts (1892) I. 193 It is customary for these walkers, as they are called, to enter a house without knocking, and take a seat by the fire... Some still retain the good old custom of keeping up a bed for the walker.
4. One who acts in a particular manner or pursues a certain line of conduct: with adj. corresponding to the advb. qualification of the verb (see walk v.1 6 a). Now rare or Obs.
1680Manton Serm. Ps. cxix. 56 (1725) 300 But a close walker, that waits upon God in an humble and constant Obedience, shall have sufficient encouragement even in this Life. 1683H. Compton Episcopalia (1686) 66 There is another sort of disorderly Walkers who still keep amongst us. a1716Bp. O. Blackall Wks. (1723) I. 8 They would be cast out of the..Communion of the Faithful as disorderly Walkers.
†5. A keeper or ranger who had a specified ‘walk’ in the forest, a gamekeeper. Obs.
1481–90Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 225 Item, to the parker of Neylond xx.d. Item, to the walkeres, viij.d. 1535Act 27 Hen. VIII, c. 7 §1 Any of the said foresters rulers walkers or fermers. 1647Haward Crown Revenue 42 Walker about the pales of the Chace: Fee 6. 1. 8. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey).
†6. An officer of the New River Company, having the charge of a ‘walk’ or section of the bank. Obs. (Cf. walksman, walk n.1 20.)
1613Middleton Manner Entert. (Opening of New River) 3 First here's the Ouer-seer,..[then various workmen] The Labourers next, Keeper of Amwell-head, The Walkers last.
7. Sport. One who ‘walks up’ partridges.
1913Times 12 Sept. 12/6 The walkers then will soon be manœuvring to keep their coveys in hand.
8.
†a. (See quot. 1658). Obs.
b. A bird, insect, etc. characterized by walking, as distinguished from other modes of progression. Also a stick-insect (Cent. Dict. 1891).
1658Rowland tr. Moufet's Theat. Insects 1035 Now we proceed to walkers about. We call those walkers, who have no certain houses or food: wherefore they do something superstitiously wander like pilgrims,..wherefore the English call them Palmer-worms, namely for their wandring life, for they dwell no where. 1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxii. II. 277 The next order of walkers amongst apodous larvæ are those that [etc.]. 1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 44 It is among the Cursores, or walkers, and especially wading birds, that the crus is most naked. 1894R. B. Sharpe Birds Gt. Brit. I. 4 Nearly all the Crows are ‘Ambulatores’ or ‘Walkers’, that is to say, they do not hop.
†9.
a. pl. (A person's) legs or feet.
b. slang. The feet. Obs.
c1611Chapman Iliad xx. 36 And with them halted downe..lame Mulciber; his walkers quite misgrowne, But made him tread exceeding sure. 1832P. Egan's Bk. Sports 130/2 note, But her owner,..the Colonel, from his ‘upper crust’ down to his ‘walker’, is a match for all England against any thing.
10. a. Short for baby-walker s.v. baby n. B. 2.
1934in Webster. 1971E. Afr. Standard (Nairobi) 13 Apr. 14/1 (Advt.), Children's bicycles, walkers, car-seats and play-pens at Cycle Mart and Exchange Ltd.
b. = walking frame s.v. walking vbl. n. 4 b.
1941F. H. Krusen Physical Medicine xvi. 648 Various types of walkers..will give the patient firm support through the arms and axillae when he is taking his first hesitant steps. 1971Catholic Worker May 2/3 She is living at Loretto Home for the Aged..and must use a walker since she broke her hip some time ago. 1980U. Curtiss Poisoned Orchard ii. 12 She's in her seventies and in a walker.
Hence † ˈwalkership, the office of a walker of the forest.
1647Haward Crown Rev. 47 Com. Leicester. Keeper of the Walke, alias Walkership: Fee, 2. 0. 0. 1721Strype Eccl. Mem. (1822) II. i. 481 The King..gave to..Sir John Gates the keepership and walkership of two good walks in Waltham forest.
▸ Chiefly N. Amer. A man paid to accompany a (usually wealthy or famous) woman in public or at social engagements, esp. when her partner is otherwise engaged.
1980Globe & Mail (Toronto) 2 Aug. (Fanfare section) 2/5 One gentleman is a part-time model who has been all over the world and speaks English, French, Dutch and German,..another is a professional walker. 1990Los Angeles May 130/2 Alfredo was a well-known ‘walker’, who spent much of his life escorting wealthy, usually married socialites to society functions and private dinners. 1994A. Radakovich Wild Girls Club 127 I'm good for the next ten years,..then I'll become a ‘walker’ for another twenty. 2004N.Y. Mag. 6 Sept. 45/2 Basabe, who has become a kind of gentleman walker for the young-socialite set, is an amazing dancer, which makes him a useful extra man.
▪ II. walker, n.2 ? Obs.|ˈwɔːkə(r)|
Also 4 walkere, 5 -ar, 5–6 walkar(e, Sc. walcar, 7–8 Sc. wakar, -er, wau(l)ker.
[OE. wealcere (once, gl. fullo) = (M)LG., (M)Du. walker, OHG. walkari (MHG., mod.G. walker), agent-n. f. OTeut. *walkan walk v.2 The Teut. word is the source of It. gualchiere fuller.]
One who fulls cloth, a fuller.
c1050Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 407/29 Fullones, wealceres. c1300Beket 1135 To Lincolne he com. At a walkeres house his in he nom there. 1379Poll-tax W. Riding in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. V. 25 Johannes Louot' & Alicia vxr ejus, Walkere, xijd. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) IV. 409 Þey smyte out his brayn wiþ a walkere his perche [L. pertica fullonis]. 1435Coventry Leet Bk. 172 No walker off the Cite of Couentre..Shall Rakke no Clothe on the Tey[n]tur that schall be solde ffor wette-clothe. 1511–12Act 3 Hen. VIII, c. 6 §1 The Walker and Fuller shall truely walke fulle thikke and werke every webbe of wollen yerne. 1560Maitl. Club Misc. III. 227 Williame Cowpar ane walcar dwelland in Edinburgh. 16..Boy & Mantle 53 She curst the weaver and the walker, That clothe that had wrought. a1779D. Graham Writ. (1883) II. 149 They..scour'd their din skins as a wauker does worsted blankets. 1871J. H. Thomson in Cloud of Witnesses 566 note, John Parker was a waulker in East Kilbride. 1876Mid-Yorks. Gloss.
b. attrib. (and later, in possessive compounds), in names of implements, materials, etc. used in fulling cloth. walker('s earth, walker's clay (now dial.) = fuller's earth.
13..Cursor M. 21144 (Gött), A wicked iuu..Smate him wid a walker stang. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints vii. (James Minor) 215 Þane ane, a walkare perk, hynt & gafe sancte Iamis sic a dynte þat he þe harne-pane brak in twyn. 1403Nottingham Rec. II. 20 Unum stryk de walkerherth. a1425Cursor M. 21144 (Trin.) Þei..Siþen smoot him with a walker staue. c1450Mirk's Festial 140 Þerwyth a curset man of hom wyth a walkerys staf smot hym on þe hed. 1497in N. Riding Rec. N.S. (1894) I. 188 A payer Sheres, called Walkar Sheres. 1583L. M[ascall] Profit. Bk. A ij b, Then take a quantity of walkars claye, called Fullars earth. 1600Surflet Country Farm ii. lvii. 393 Walkers earth, or other scouring earth. 1703Thoresby Let. to Ray (E.D.S.), Walker's earth for scowring the cloth. 1847Archæol. Jrnl. IV. 147 A species of fuller's earth called ‘walker's clay’. |