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progression|prəʊˈgrɛʃən|
[a. F. progression (1425 in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. prōgressiōn-em a going forward, advancement, progression, n. of action f. prōgred-ī: see progredient.]
1. The action of stepping or moving forward or onward.
†a. Travel; a journey: = progress n. 1. Obs.
c1440J. Capgrave Life St. Kath. iii. 280 Vndyr your wenge and youre proteccyon May be this viage and this progression. a1548Hall Chron., Rich. III 53 There happened in this progression to the Earle of Richmond a straunge chaunce. Ibid., Hen. VII 42 b, When they were with their long and tedyous iourney weried and tyred, and..fell to repentaunce of their mad commocion and frantike progression, then he woulde..circumuent & enuyron theim.
b. Onward or forward movement (in space), locomotion; advance: = progress n. 3 a, 4 a.
1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. ii. 144 A Letter..which accidentally, or by the way of progression, hath miscarried. 1651–3Jer. Taylor Serm. for Year (1678) 54 Still the Flood [tide] crept by little steppings, and invaded more by his progressions than he lost by his retreat. 1686Goad Celest. Bodies iii. i. 366, I observ'd it making a creeping Progression in the Valleys. 1849Sk. Nat. Hist., Mammalia III. 202 The tusks of this animal [walrus]..are instruments both of defence and of progression. 1883Century Mag. XXVI. 925 This mode of progression requires some muscular exertion.
c. The moving or pushing of something onward.
1678Moxon Mech. Exerc. v. 95 The longer to continue his several Progressions of the Saw.
2. fig. Continuous action figured or conceived as onward movement; going on, course (of action, time, life, etc.), proceeding, process. Now rare or merged in 4.
1474Caxton Chesse 133 The progressyon and draughtes of the..playe of the chesse. 1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 41 In all the progression of the wished life of this mighty Prince. Ibid. 43 Progression, continuation and determination of his most wicked and shamelesse life. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 226 All Starres that have their distance from the Ecliptick Northward not more then 23 degrees and an half..may in progression of time have declination Southward. c1698Locke Cond. Underst. §20 The long Progression of the Thoughts to remote and first Principles. 1775Johnson Tax. no Tyr. 5 Having..obtained by the slow progression of manual industry the accommodations of life. 1882Stevenson Fam. Stud. Men & Bks., Thoreau iii, There is a progression—I cannot call it a progress—in his work toward a more and more strictly prosaic level.
3. fig. The action of passing successively from each item or term of a series to the next; succession; a series; in († by) progression, in succession, one after another; gradually. (See also 6.)
1549Compl. Scot. vi. 47, & sa be progressione and ordur, euyrie spere inclosis the spere that is nerest tyl it. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 397 The Brasilians are said originally to have come..from Peru, advancing thither by progression from time to time. 1690Locke Hum. Und. ii. xxix. §16 Of the Bulk of the Body, to be thus infinitely divided after certain Progressions,..we have no clear..Idea. 1774Beattie Minstr. ii. xlvii, The laws..Whose long progression leads to Deity. 1844Southey Life A. Bell I. 175 The experiment which..had been tried..with one class, was..extended to all the others in progression.
4. fig. The action of going forward to more advanced or higher stages or conditions; advance; development; = progress n. 4 b. Also attrib.
1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 37 His..knowledge in the Latine tongue, was so perfect, his progression in the Greeke so excellent. 1631Massinger Believe as you List ii. ii, I must..take..the boldness To reprehend your slow progression in Doing her greatness right. a1713T. Ellwood Autobiog. (1714) 133 Having inquired divers things of me, with respect to my former Progression in Learning. 1829I. Taylor Enthus. viii. 184 The progression of decay and perversion has been gradually and distinctly contemplated. 1871Tylor Prim. Cult. I. ii. 34 The progression-theory recognizes degradation, and the degradation-theory recognizes progression. 1877A. B. Edwards Up Nile v. 105 To trace the progression and retrogression of the arts from the Pyramid-builders to the Cæsars.
†5. ? The action of proceeding forth or issuing; the fact of being produced. (Cf. procession n. 4, progress n. 5.) Obs. rare.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. iv. pr. vi. 106 (Camb. MS.) Thilke same ordre newith ayein alle thinges growynge and fallynge a-down by semblable progression [gloss, issu] of sedes and of sexes. c1386― Knt.'s T. 2155 His ordinaunce That speces of thynges and progressions Shullen enduren by successions And nat eterne.
6. Math. The succession of a series of quantities, between every two successive terms of which there is some particular constant relation; such a series itself. See arithmetical a., geometrical 1 b, harmonic a. 5 a.
c1430Art Nombryng 13 Of progressioun one is naturelle or contynuelle, þat oþer broken and discontynuelle. 1542Recorde Gr. Artes (1575) 210 Arithmeticall progression is a rehearsing..of many numbers..in suche sorte, that betweene euery two next numbers..the difference be equall. Ibid. 229 Progression Geometricall is when the numbers increase by a like proportion. 1692Washington tr. Milton's Def. Pop. vii. M.'s Wks. 1851 VII. 179 Do you not understand Progression in Arithmetick? 1763Emerson Meth. Increments 74 A series of quantities, whose construction and progression is known. 1764Burn Poor Laws 153 Families..will continually increase in a kind of geometrical progression. 1884tr. Lotze's Metaph. 455 Where the intensity of a sensation increases by equal differences, that is, in arithmetical progression, it implies in the strength of the stimulus an increase in geometrical progression.
7. Astr.
a. Movement of a planet in the order of the zodiacal signs, i.e. from west to east; direct movement; opp. to retrogradation.
†b. month of progression (obs.): see quot. 1615.
1551Recorde Cast. Knowl. (1556) 279 The progression, retrogradation, and station of the Planetes. 1615Crooke Body of Man 336 The moneth of Progression he calleth that space which commeth betweene one coniunction of the Moone with the Sunne and another, and it conteyneth nine and twenty dayes and a halfe. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 212. 1812 Woodhouse Astron. xix. 207 note, Progression is here..used technically: a motion in consequentia, or, according to the order of the signs.
8. Mus.
a. The action of passing (in melody) from one note to another, or (in harmony) from one chord to another; a succession of notes or chords.
b. Sometimes = sequence n.
1609Douland Ornith. Microl. 29 An authenticall progression, is the ascending beyond the Finall Key to an eight, and a tenth. 1694W. Holder Harmony vi. (1731) 95 Degrees are uncompounded Intervals,..by which an immediate Ascent or Descent is made from the Unison to the Octave..; and by the same Progression to as many Octaves as there may be Occasion. 1877Stainer Harmony v. §69 In harmonising such a progression as the following [etc.]. 1889Prout Harmony iv. §102 Such progressions are called ‘hidden’ octaves or fifths.
9. Philol. Advance in sound-development.
1877March Comp. Gram. Ags. Lang. 27 The first lengthening of i and u by progression is called guna.
10. Spectroscopy. A series of regularly spaced lines or bands in a spectrum which arise from transitions to or from a series of energy levels having consecutive quantum numbers.
1926Physical Rev. XXVIII. 638 In other words we suppose that the absorption bands whose stimulation is associated with these series all belong to a single n′ progression. 1949P. Pringsheim Fluorescence & Phosphorescence ii. 136 If all excited molecules of a vapor are in one definite vibrational level v′ of an electronic state T′, they can return from there to all existing levels v{pp} of the ground state and thus produce an emission spectrum in which the lines corresponding to v{pp} = 0, 1, 2..form a regular ‘progression’. 1965R. N. Dixon Spectroscopy & Struct. vi. 129 When an electronic spectrum is studied in absorption at moderate temperatures most of the molecules in the lower state will be in the vibrational level with v{pp} = 0, and the vibrational structure will consist of one series of bands, corresponding to consecutive values of v′. Such a series is called a progression. The bands are labelled v′–v{pp}. Thus the absorption series 0–0, 1–0, 2–0, 3–0..is a progression in the upper state vibration frequency. 1976Chem. Physics Lett. XLI. 289/2 The Raman spectrum is completely dominated by an intense band at 316 cm-1 and its associated overtone progression. |