| 释义 |
▪ I. vocalize, v.|ˈvəʊkəlaɪz|
[f. vocal a. + -ize. Cf. F. vocaliser (1835), Pg. vocalisar, -izar, Sp. -izar, It. -izzare.]
1. a. trans. To form into voice; to make audible by utterance; to utter or articulate.
1669Holder Elem. Speech 30 It is one thing to Breath, or give an Impulse to breath alone; another thing, to vocalize that breath, i.e. in its passage through the Larynx to give it the sound of Humane Voyce. Ibid. 80 The Vowels are made by a free passage of Breath Vocalized through the cavity of the Mouth. 1673[R. Leigh] Transp. Reh. 119 Every breath of moving air may continue articulate, especially if vocaliz'd in Sir S. Moreland's trumpet. 1867A. M. Bell Visible Speech 91 A faithful copy of the native pronunciation which readers in all countries will vocalize alike. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 65 A similar inability to control the tongue can be demonstrated by making the patient vocalise r.
b. To sing.
1798in Spirit Pub. Jrnls. (1799) II. 146 Our small company had vocalized all the songs in the opera, in such a manner as I never heard them executed upon any theatre in London. 1851E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 213 How would you like to see me..scoring up semibreves on a staff for half a dozen Rustics to vocalize?
2. Phonetics.
a. To convert into a vowel.
1844Proc. Philol. Soc. I. 249 It is true that the objectionable sound might be..got rid of..by vocalizing the second consonant, especially if a labial. 1871Kennedy Public Sch. Lat. Gram. 8 §12 Poets sometimes vocalize v-consonans before a vowel: as sil-u-æ for sil-væ. 1891A. L. Mayhew O.E. Phonology 67 ēa = au, the u of which is the w vocalized when standing at the end of a syllable.
b. To utter with voice (as distinguished from breath); to render sonant.
1836Smart Pronouncing Dict. p. xxx, s is always vocalized, that is, pronounced as z, when, in forming the plural of a noun..it can be so pronounced. 1848Proc. Philol. Soc. III. 169 If we were asked why the Cochin-Chinese vocalized the p, it would be difficult to give any other reason than that some languages are distinguished..by the softness of their pronunciation.
3. To endow with voice; to render vocal or articulate.
1858W. Irving in Life & Lett. (1864) IV. 219 In this way, by turns, you vocalize the whole Union, and make the growing chorus of the Revolution rise from every part of it. 1872Symonds Introd. Study Dante 226 It was not merely the painting of his age that Dante absorbed into himself and vocalized.
4. To furnish with vowels or vowel-signs.
1845Pitman Man. Phonography (ed. 7) 27 These series of double consonants are vocalized in the following manner. 1889Amer. Jrnl. Philol. X. 232 Arabic books, especially Arabic poetry, are vocalized in the East as well as in the West.
5. a. intr. To perform vocal music; to sing.
1830Fraser's Mag. II. 503 He..would therefore endeavour to vocalize, if an auditory were to be found. 1879H. James Daisy Miller ii. I. 69 The young lady, who was still strolling along in front of them, softly vocalising.
b. spec. (See quots.)
1873H. C. Banister Music 254 Vocalise, to sing with several notes to one vowel, as distinguished from Sol-faing, or Sol-misation. 1889Grove's Dict. Mus. IV. 321 To vocalise is..to sing upon a vowel, whether one note or a series of notes, in contradistinction to singing to separate syllables.
c. To utter any vocal sound.
1960R. D. Laing Divided Self i. 20 Studying verbal behaviour in terms of neural processes and the whole apparatus of vocalizing. a1961W. La Barre in Webster (1961) s.v., The gorilla is just as likely to thump upon the upper chest..as he is to vocalize. 1972Sci. Amer. Aug. 29/1 The female mallard generally vocalizes at the rate of from zero to four calls per one-minute interval.
Hence ˈvocalized ppl. a.; also spec. in Jazz,of the tone of an instrument: made to resemble that of the human voice; ˈvocalizing vbl. n. and ppl. a.; ˈvocalizer, one who vocalizes or gives expression (to something).
1855tr. Lepsius' Standard Alphabet 35 French j. This letter is the soft and *vocalised sound. 1882A. Macfarlane Consanguinity 17 Vocalised equivalent fayoyo. 1898Westm. Gaz. 7 Oct. 3/1 The sweetest and most delicately vocalised dialect in Britain. 1961John o' London's 7 Dec. 637/1 The great jazz instrumentalists have based their styles on what is known as the ‘vocalised’ tone. 1970P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators 18 Emphasis is placed on the quality of blues singing and the ‘vocalised tone’ of jazz instrumentation.
1901H. Murray R. Buchanan 81 Browning and Tennyson,..as the typical *vocalisers of modern religious thought.
1863A. M. Bell Princ. Speech 164 The glottis is in the *vocalizing position, and the breath in passing through it creates sonorous vibration. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 452 There is great danger of vocalising with the short inspiration.
▪ II. vocalize
var. vocalise. |