| 释义 |
▪ I. vine, n.|vaɪn|
Forms: α. 4 vygne (7 vigne), vinyhe, 5 vyny. β. 4–6 vyne (4–5 vyn, 5 viyn), 4– vine (5 vijne); 4, 6 wine, 5–6 wyne. γ. 6 vinde, vynde.
[a. OF. vigne and vine (mod.F. vigne, = Pr. and Pg. vinha, Cat. vinya, Sp. viña, It. vigna):—L. vīnea vineyard, vine, etc., f. vīn-um wine.]
I.
1. a. The trailing or climbing plant, Vitis vini-fera, bearing the grapes from which ordinary wine is made (= grape-vine); also generally, any plant of the genus Vitis.
13..K. Alis. 5758 (Laud. MS.), In eueryche felde rype is corne; Þe grapes hongen on þe vyne. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xiv. 30 Þough neuere greyne growed ne grape vppon vyne. c1440Pallad. on Husb. vi. 57 Now vyne and tre that were ablaqueate, To couer hem it is conuenient. 1535Coverdale Judg. ix. 12 Then sayde the trees vnto the vyne; Come thou and be oure kinge. 1562Turner Herbal ii. 168 b, [It] is lyke vnto a gumme, and waxeth thicke aboute the bodye of the vinde. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 75 Get doong, friend mine, for stock and vine. 1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. iii. 586 There, th' amorous Vine calls in a thousand sorts (With winding arms) her Spouse that her supports. 1600Surflet Countrie Farme vi. xxii. 774 Olde writers are not of one minde concerning the first originall and inuention of the vine. 1671Salmon Syn. Med. iii. xxii. 440 Vitis,..the Vine, the leeues bind strongly [etc.]. 1708J. Philips Cyder i. 16 Everlasting Hate The Vine to Ivy bears. 1776Gibbon Decl. & F. ii. (1782) I. 64 In the time of Homer, the vine grew wild in the island of Sicily. 1811Scott Don Roderick iii. ii, The land..was rich with vine and flock. 1856Stanley Sinai & Pal. iii. (1858) 164 The elevation of the hills and table-lands of Judah is the true climate of the vine. 1867H. Macmillan Bible Teach. ix. (1870) 186 The vine is one of the most graceful of plants.
b. A single plant or tree of this species or genus.
αa1300E.E. Psalter civ. 31 He..smate þar vinyhes and figetres in-twa. c1315[see 2 a]. c1440Promp. Parv. 510/1 Vyny, or vyne, vitis. Ibid. 510/2 Vyny, þat bryngythe forþe grete grapys, bumasta. 1604E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies iv. xxxii. 296 Peru and..Chillé, where there are vignes that yeeld excellent wine.
β1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 882 Euery ȝere at þe florysyngge, whan þe vynys shulde spryngge, A tempest..fordede here vynys alle. 1340Ayenb. 43 Þe zenne of ham þet uor wynnynge..destrueþ þe vines oþer cornes. 1340–70Alex. & Dind. 847 Ȝe telle vs þat ȝe tende nauht to tulye þe erþe,..no plaunte winus. 1390Gower Conf. II. 168 For he fond..how men scholden sette vines. 1422Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. 244 In al regions the hettes bene encreschid,..the wynes growyth, the cornes wixit rippe. c1450Mirk's Festial 20 He taketh a branche of a vyne, and puttyth yn Thomas hond. 1535Coverdale Gen. xl. 9, I dreamed that there was a vyne before me,..and the grapes therof were rype. 1562Winȝet Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 45 The vnclene baris, quha..infectis the tender burgeounis of the ȝong wynis. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. xii. 54 A Porch with rare deuice, Archt ouer head with an embracing vine. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. (1637) 269 The vines..which we have had in Britaine..rather for shade than fruit. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 388 Raisins from the Grapes of Psythian Vines. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Vitis, Those in the Plains..sow a Hole of Melons between Vine and Vine. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xv, The vines were torn down from the branches that had supported them. 1830M. Donovan Dom. Econ. I. 17 It is quite clear that wine could not have been first known at an Egyptian town, if the Egyptians had no vines. 1870H. Macmillan True Vine v. (1872) 190 The celebrated vine of Hampton Court is a most productive bearer.
c. A representation of a vine in metal, embroidery, etc.; also, in mod. use, an ornamental figure cut by a skater on the ice.
a1400Sqr. lowe Degre 207 With vines of golde set all aboute Within your shelde,..Fulfylled with ymagery. a1400–50Alexander 3667 Be-twene þe pelers was piȝt with precious leuys, Gilden wynes with grapis of gracious stanes. 1506Lincoln Wills (1914) I. 44 A whyte pece with a coveryng wroght with grapes or vynes on it. 1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. xi. xlii, Agneia..spying Methos fenc't in 's iron vine, Pierc't his swoln panch. 1886Sheldon tr. Flaubert's Salammbô 9 These cups were embellished on each of their six golden faces by an emerald vine. 1891G. H. Kingsley Sp. & Trav. (1900) 460 When you have a pair of skates on, and an admiring circle of spectators to excite you into developing your most exquisite ‘vines’.
d. collect. Vine-plants. rare—1.
1779Forrest Voy. N. Guinea 382 The Chinese keep the ground very clean between the rows of vine.
2. fig.
a. Applied to Christ, in renderings or echoes of John xv. 1 and 5.
c1315Shoreham i. 804 For iesus seyþ þe vygne he hys, And eke þe greyn of wete. 13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 628 In þe water of babtem þay dyssente, Þen arne þay boroȝt in-to þe vyne. 1382Wyclif John xv. 5, I am a vyne, ȝe ben the braunchis. c1450Myrr. oure Ladye 281, I as a vyne haue fruited the swetnesse of smelle... In this Chapyter, oure lorde ys lykened to a vyne. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 222 b, For in that our lorde is as a vyne, and all chrystyans be as the braunches of the sayd vyne. 1568Lauder Godlie Tract. 395 Christ Iesus, the faithfull wine. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. lvi. (1611) 308 That true Vine whereof wee both spiritually and corporally are branches. 1870H. Macmillan True Vine 26 Its full significance was not known until Christ, the True Vine, made it known.
b. In allusion to Ps. cxxviii. 3.
1787M. Cutler in Life, etc. (1888) I. 289 He..has married a wife, who bids fair to be a fruitful vine, for she has had three children in four years. 1807Crabbe Par. Reg. i. 477 Now of that vine he'd have no more increase, Those playful branches now disturb his peace.
c. In miscellaneous uses.
1590[see elm n. 3]. 1611Shakes. Cymb. iv. ii. 60 Grow patient, And let the stinking-Elder (Greefe) vntwine His perishing roote, with the encreasing Vine. 1639S. Du Verger tr. Camus' Admir. Events 149 Zotique..had like a furious wild Boare made a prodigious spoyle in the vine of many womens honesty. [Cf. Ps. lxxx. 8, 13.] 1643[see elm n. 3]. 1784Cowper Task vi. 969 He..recompenses well The state, beneath the shadow of whose vine He sits secure. [Cf. 1 Kings iv. 25.] 1820Shelley Prometh. Unb. ii. iv. 64 That vine Which bears the wine of life, the human heart. 1887Meredith Ballads & P. 42 The training of Love's vine of flame Was writ in laws.
d. A suit of clothes; pl., clothing. U.S. slang.
1932Evening Sun (Baltimore) 9 Dec. 31/5 Vine, a suit of clothes. 1959Esquire Nov. 70 J Vines, clothes. 1964L. Hairston in J. H. Clarke Harlem 285, I..laid out my vine, a clean shirt and things on my bed. 1973A. Dundes Mother Wit 238 I'm going to lay a vine under the Jew's balls for a dime. 1975Amer. Speech 1972 XLVII. 152 Without your vines you're nothing but FBI [sc. Fat, Black, and Ignorant].
3. Applied, with distinguishing epithets, to some species of Vitis distinct from the ordinary grape-vine, and to many plants of other genera which in manner of growth, or in some other feature, resemble this:
a. wild vine, the fox-grape, Vitis Labrusca (now rare or Obs.); also, one or other of several wild climbing or trailing plants, esp. bryony and traveller's-joy.
In quot. 1382 (and similarly in later versions) vine is a literal rendering of the original text; the plant intended is app. the colocynth.
1382Wyclif 2 Kings iv. 39 And oon..foond as a wijld vyne, and he gederde of it wijld gourdis of the feeld. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) vii. 26 Þai er lyke vnto wylde wynes. Ibid. xviii. 83 Pepre growez in maner of wilde wynes be syde þe treesse of þe forest. 14..in Wr.-Wülcker 629 Oliaster, wyld vyne. Labrusca, wylde vyne. 1548Turner Names Herbes (E.D.S.) 45 Labrusca..may be called in englishe a wild vine. 1562― Herbal ii. 168 Of the seconde kinde of Vitis syluestris, called wild vynde. 1600Surflet Countrie Farme vi. xxii. 774 Grapes..like vnto them which the wilde vine (called of vs Labrusca) doth now bring forth. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 372 Take of the stalkes of Vitis alba, otherwise called Brioni, or wilde Vine, two..handfuls. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Vitis, The Wild Vine, commonly called the Claret Grape. This Sort of Grape is pretty well known in England. 1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Vitis, The species of Vine enumerated by Mr. Tournefort, are these: 1. The common, or wild Vine. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 67 Redberried Bryony. Wild Vine. 1814Scott Ld. of Isles i. xxviii, As the wild vine in tendrils spread, Droops from the mountain oak. 1855Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. I. 18 Clematis vitalba... Country people call it..Wild Vine. Ibid. II. 312 A very pretty climber is this Wild Bryony,.. called also Wild Vine.
b. In other special names, chiefly of non-British plants.
Alleghany vine, an American biennial plant (Adlumia fungosa), also called ‘climbing fumitory’. arbor vine: see Spanish a. 9. balloon vine, an Australian plant (see quots.). bean vine, Phaseolus diversifolius (see bean n. 8). † black vine, black bryony. Burdekin vine, an Australian species of Vitis (see quot.). caustic vine (see quot.). climbing vine, † (a) the Virginian creeper; (b) a cinchonaceous plant, Psychotria parasitica. condor vine, Gonolobus Cundurango. cypress vine, quamoclit. deer vine, the twinflower (Linnea). granadilla vine: see granadilla b. Harvey's vine, an Australian plant, Sarcopetalum Harveyanum. hungry vine, the green brier or cat-brier (Smilax). india-rubber vine, Cryptostegia grandiflora. Isle of Wight vine, bryony or black bryony. lawyer vine: see lawyer 6. link vine, a West Indian species of vanilla (V. articulata). Madeira or Mexican vine, the climbing plant Boussingaultia baselloides, a native of the Andes. matrimony vine: see matrimony 7. mignonette vine: see mignonette 3. milk vine, (a) the Southern European plant Periploca græca; (b) a Jamaican plant, Forsteronia floribunda. negro vine, a hairy-leaved species of Vincetoxicum. pea vine: see pea-vine. pepper vine: see pepper n. 7. pipe vine: see pipe n.1 11 b. poison vine: see poison n. 5 b. potato vine: see potato 7. red-bead vine, Abrus precatorius (India). rubber vine: see rubber n.1 12 b. sand vine, Gonolobus lævis (N. America). scrub vine, Austr. (a) the dodder laurel (Cassytha); (b) the native rose (Bauera rubioides). seven-year vine: see seven-year. silk vine = milk vine (a). sorrel vine: see sorrel n.1 7 c. Spanish arbor-vine: see Spanish a. 9. strainer, Virginia(n, water, white vine: see these words.
Many of these names appear to be first recorded in the Treas. Bot. (1866, and Suppl. 1874) and in American dictionaries. In Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. (1753) Tournefort's species of Vitis, twenty-one in number, are enumerated.
1889J. H. Maiden Useful Pl. 13 Cardiospermum halicacabum,..‘Heartseed’, ‘Heart-pea’, ‘Winter-cherry’, ‘*Balloon Vine’. Ibid. 161 ‘Balloon Vine’ (because of its inflated membranous capsule).
1552Huloet, *Blacke vyne, apronia. 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 331 Vine, Black, Tamus.
1898Morris Austral Eng. 490/1 *Burdekin Vine. Called also Round Yam, Vitis opaca.
Ibid. 84/1 Caustic-Plant, or *Caustic-Vine,..Sarcostemma australis.
1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 331 Vine, *Climbing five-leaved, of Canada, Hedera.
1846–50A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. 443 Quamoclit vulgaris. Bindweed. *Cypress Vine.
Ibid. 449 Lycium Barbarum. *Matrimony Vine.
1866Treas. Bot. 234/1 Some of the Australian species [of Cassytha] are called *Scrub-vines. 1898Morris Austral Eng. 22/1 Bauera rubioides,..the Scrub Vine, or Native Rose.
4. a. The stem of any trailing or climbing plant. Also collect. without article.
1563T. Hill Art Garden (1574) 124 And if not on this wise, then may you let their [sc. gourds'] vine run along on the earth, if you list. 1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) I. 179 On the outside of this Floor the Pickers [of hops] sit, and pick them into Baskets after the Vines are strip'd from the Poles. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Melon, When your Melons begin to appear upon the Vines. 1779Forrest Voy. N. Guinea 382 They do not let the vine, which bears the pepper, twist round a chinkareen tree, as is the custom on Sumatra. 1844Welby Poems (1867) 163 When sweet jasmine vines their wreaths were looping Around her bower. 1855Delamer Kitchen Garden (1861) 117 Leading points in growing frame cucumbers are, to pinch off the shoot..to keep the frame clear of useless vine. 1898Jean A. Owen Hawaii iii. 79 A hero..who descended by means of a long rope, made of convolvulus vines, into the abyss.
b. dial. A straw rope.
1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. 28 Rye..strawe is gentle and flexible, seruing for Vines. 1884Jefferies Red Deer v. 97 The farmers..hang a vine of straw along from stake to stake... A vine is a rope of twisted straw.
c. U.S. A trailing or climbing plant.
1708E. Cook Sot-Weed Factor 19 When sturdy Oaks, and lofty Pines Were level'd with Musmillion Vines. 1831W. C. Bryant Marion's Men 9 We know its walls of thorny vines, its glades of reedy grass. 1842Longfellow Slave in Dismal Swamp ii, Where..the cedar grows, and the poisonous vine Is spotted like the snake. 1856A. Gray Man. Bot. (1860) 2 Ranunculaceæ... Herbs (or woody vines) with a colorless acrid juice. 1879J. W. Boddam-Whetham Roraima & Brit. Guiana 9 Nearly every house has a garden, and passion-flowers, morning glory, and other vines creep up the pillars. 1886C. D. Warner Summer in Gard. 114 The bean is a graceful, confiding, engaging vine.
II.
†5. A vineyard. Obs.
So AF. vine, vyne (Gower).
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 507 Þe lorde ful erly vp he ros To hyre werkmen to hys vyne. Ibid. 521 Gos in-to my vyne. 1382Wyclif Prov. xxxi. 16 She beheeld a feeld, and boȝte it; of the frut of hir hondis she plauntide a vyne. c1400Mandeville (1839) x. 111 The cursed Queen..that toke awey the Vyne of Nabaothe. 1430–40Lydg. Bochas ii. xxxi. (1554) 67 Trust [that] He will not refuse thyne axing, But thee receiue to labour in his vine. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop i. x, A man was som tyme whiche fond a serpent within a Vyne. 1514Bainbridge in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. I. 227 Boith in the Citie and also in vynes and garthynges withoutt the Citie. 1560Bible (Genev.) Song Sol. i. 5 Thei made me the keper of the vines: but I kept not mine owne vine.
6. A grape. Obs. or poet.
a1425tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula, etc. 56 If þai be rede þai ar called uve, i. grapez, and þai haue þe schap of a rede vyne or grape. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. x. 54 Ah! that your birth and bus'ness had been mine—To pen the sheep, and press the swelling vine!
7. Roman Antiq. = vinea. rare.
1563Golding Cæsar (1565) 51 b, He made Vines [marg. an instrument of war made of timber & hurdles for men to go vnder safelye to the walles of a towne], and began to make prouision of thinges meete for the siege. a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 480 The Romans..plyed their mines,..their vines and other engines against the walls and gates. a1656Ussher Ann. (1658) 142 Some say, those Engines of Battrie, as Rams, and Vines, and Galleries, were there first invented. 1862T. L. Kington Fredk. II, II. 191 Various warlike Machines... The Sow, the Vine, and the Cat.
III. attrib. and Comb.
8. a. Simple attrib., as vine-arbour, vine border, vine-bough, vine-bower, vine-bunch, etc.
1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Vitis, Care is to be taken..not to mingle with them the Grapes of the *Vine-Arbour. 1839tr. Lamartine's Trav. 147/1 Houses..lying under the shade of vine-arbours or plane-trees.
1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 467 The most valuable manure that can be deposited in a *vine border.
1867Morris Jason xiii. 222 A golden *vine-bough wreathed her golden head.
1848tr. Hoffmeister's Trav. Ceylon, etc. xii. 462 A few *vine-bowers appear somewhat lower down.
1832Tennyson Œnone 177 Between the shadows of the *vine⁓bunches Floated the glowing sunlights. 1886Conder Syrian Stone-lore vi. (1896) 221 A door sculptured with vine-bunches.
1611Florio, Vineto, a *vine-close, a vine⁓plot.
1865J. H. Ingraham Pillar of Fire i. xiii. 152 There were wines from the *vine country of Helbona.
1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 238/2 The success of *vine-culture in..the Canary Islands.
1601Holland Pliny I. 530 Strengthned with the wood of *vine-cuttings. 1782Encycl. Brit. (ed. 2) X. 8725/1 From whence Columella gives the title of malleolus to the vine-cuttings. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. vi. 405 Each vat is filled with vine cuttings, and rapes.
1846Keightley Notes Virg., Terms Husb. 358 The cross-pieces in the *vine-espaliers.
1847Darlington Amer. Weeds, etc. (1860) 81 Vitaceæ. (*Vine Family.)
1600Surflet Countrie Farme vi. xxi. 769 To gather the greene grapes from of the *vine frames.
1565Cooper Thesaurus s.v. Pampinus, A *vyne garlande.
1587Golding De Mornay xxv. (1592) 382 Assigning to one..the Corne countrie, and to another the *vinegrounds. 1818Lady Morgan Autobiog. (1859) 324 The vine-grounds being nothing but black earth and dry sticks until the middle of summer.
1611Cotgr., Vendange,..vintage, *vine-haruest.
1733Tull Horse-Hoeing Husb. 158 The Ancients were perfect Masters of *Vine-Husbandry.
1841Lever C. O'Malley lii. 262 A little weak wine savouring more of the borachio-skin than *vine-juice.
1886F. Caddy Footsteps Jeanne D'Arc 25 One should make a point of seeing these *vine-lands in October.
1861Bentley Man. Bot. 495 Vitaceæ or Ampelideæ.—The *Vine Order... Usually climbing shrubs with a watery juice.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Vitis,..the *Vine-plant. 1843Penny Cycl. XXVI. 342/2 Some of the finest of the soil is put into each hole, and the vine-plants..are carefully inserted.
1856R. Knox tr. Edwards' Man. Zool. §328 In the timber of the hedge-rows, of fruit-trees, and of *vine-poles.
1601Holland Pliny I. Table s.v., *Vine props and railes which be best. 1610Healey St. Aug. Citie of God 251 First was carryed..a pine apple, and a vine-prop. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Vitis, Others make use of a Vine-prop, or some other Piece of Wood. 1815Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xiv. (1816) I. 438 The upright putrescent espaliers or vine-props.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 99 Digge about þe *vyne rotis, and dunge hem wel. 1424E.E. Wills (1882) 56 Also I wull he haue my maser of a vine rote. 1601Holland Pliny I. 545 To open a sluce..for to overflow their Vine roots with the river.
c1440Pallad. on Husb. Table (1896) 15 *Vyne sciouns, to sette. 1601Holland Pliny I. 529 In setting a nource-garden with vine-sions.
Ibid. 527 A *vine-set or cutting, that hath joints standing thin.
1648Hexham ii, Een wijngaerdt-scheute, a *Vine-shoote, or Sprigge. 1793Holcroft tr. Lavater's Physiog. i. 5 Though these vine⁓shoots look well, they will bear but few grapes.
1647Hexham i, A *vine slip, een Wijngaert-snijtsel. 1725Fam. Dict. s.v., Vine-slips..being put into the Ground will easily take Root. 1854Whittier Poems Nature, Fruit-Gift 22 Perchance our frail, sad mother plucked..A single vine⁓slip.
1855Singleton Virgil I. 48 Now on the merry *vine⁓spray swell the buds. 1872Head Sel. Grk. Coins in Electrotype Brit. Mus. 38 Rose with bud, and vine-spray with bunch of grapes.
1611Cotgr. s.v. Sarment, To bridle himselfe with a *vine-sprig; be so drunke that he cannot speake.
1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xlix, She found the old woman within, picking *vine-stalks.
1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 237 The conformation of the *vine stem has elicited a vast amount of explanatory comment.
1531Tindale Exp. 1 John (1537) 94 He yt is cut from y⊇ *vynestocke..can not but abyde vnfruteful. 1600Surflet Countrie Farme iii. xxxiv. 497 The Italians graft it [sc. olive-tree] vpon the vine, boring the vine stocke neer vnto the earth [etc.]. 1690Temple Ess. Anc. & Mod. Learn. (1909) 19 A large Table at Memorancy cut out of the thickness of a Vine-stock. 1868Morris Earthly Par. (1870) II. iii. 3 Above them did they see the terraced way, And over that the vine-stocks, row on row.
1898Manson Trop. Diseases 462 The male worm is characterised..by the peculiar *vine-tendril-like tail.
1846L. S. Costello Tour Venice 192 There is..no want of gardens and *vine⁓terraces.
1848Clough Amours de Voy. iii. 16 Ah! that I were far away..Under the *vine-trellis laid.
1694Motteux Rabelais iv. i. 3 A Golden *Vine-Tub of Mozaic work.
1727Bailey (vol. II), Wicker, a *Vine Twig, an Osier Twig. 1776J. Bryant Mythol. III. 229 The soft pliant vine-twigs, moving round In serpentine direction. 1883Browning Ferishtah, Shah Abbas, I weep like a cut vine-twig.
1601Holland Pliny I. 404 A great standing cup or boll to be seene of *Vine wood. 1700tr. Danet's Dict. Grk. & Rom. Antiq. s.v. Templum, A Pair of Stairs made of Vine-wood.
1818Keats Endym. iv. 257, I saw Osirian Egypt kneel adown Before the *vine-wreath crown!
b. Objective and obj. genitive, with agent-nouns, as vine-cutter, vine-grower, vine-planter, etc., and vbl. ns. or ppl. adjs., as vine-bearing, vine-dressing, vine-growing, etc.; also vine-prop adj.
(a)1388Wyclif 2 Kings xxv. 12 He lefte of the pore men of the lond vyntilieris, and erthetilieris. a1586Sidney Arcadia ii. xv. (1912) 247 The King one morning..saw a vine-labourer, that finding a bowe broken [etc.]. 1601Holland Pliny I. 501 Yet kind it is and wholesome for the Vine-planter and husbandman. 1611Cotgr., Vendengeur, a Vintager, or vine-reaper. 1648Hexham ii, Een..wijn⁓gaerdenier,..a Vine-gardener. 1801tr. Gabrielli's Myst. Husb. II. 119 One of our vine-cutters was telling yesterday [etc.]. 1835T. Mitchell Acharn. of Aristoph. App. 245 A metaphor which the vine-growers of Athens easily appreciated. 1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 928/1 Vine puller, a machine for extracting vines.
(b)c1440Pallad. on Husb. Table (1896) 16 Vyne couerynge and vindage apparayle. 1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Binement, a vine working, weeding. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. i. 8 The sayling Pine, the Cedar proud and tall, The vine-prop Elme. 1601Holland Pliny Table s.v., Vine planting and pruning. 1791Cowper Iliad ii. 613 Arne claims A record next for her illustrious sons, Vine-bearing Arne. 1848Buckley Iliad 111 An enclosure of land,..pleasant, vine-bearing, and arable. 1867A. J. Wilson Vashti i, Had Timour been trained to cabbage-raising and vine-dressing. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 237/1 A vine-growing country hitherto free from Phylloxera.
c. With pa. pples. and adjs., chiefly in instrumental sense, as vine-bordered, vine-clad, vine-covered, vine-crowned, etc.; also vine-like adj., vine-wise adv.
1868Morris Earthly Par. (1870) I. ii. 457 He saw a man draw nigh Along the dusty grey *vine-bordered road.
1824C'tess Blessington Jrnl. May in E. Clay Lady Blessington at Naples (1979) 102 The *vine-clad hills and fertile Campania. 1854J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1855) I. ix. 162 The luxuriant valleys and vine-clad hillsides. 1856R. A. Vaughan Mystics (1860) I. 115 Among the luscious slopes of vine-clad Burgundy.
1791W. Roscoe in H. Roscoe Life (1833) I. 108 The *vine-cover'd hills and gay regions of France. 1840Hood ‘Ye Tourists & Trav.’ vi, Old Castles you'll see on the vine-covered hill.
1743Francis tr. Horace, Odes iii. xxv. 27 When *Vine-crown'd Bacchus leads the Way. 1851S. Jackson tr. Krummacher's Elisha vi. 90 From the sea⁓coast to the vine-crowned banks of the Jordan.
1625K. Long tr. Barclay's Argenis iv. xviii. 306 Behold, with frolicke stirre comes Bacchus here, In's *Vine-deck't Chariot high.
1865Praed Poems (1865) II. 158 The merriest girl in all the land Of *vine-encircled France.
1746Francis tr. Horace, Sat. ii. iv. 55 The *Vine-fed Goat's not always luscious Fare.
1871Palgrave Lyr. Poems 90 Lines of white, *vine-garlanded.
a1835Mrs. Hemans Shepherd-Poet of Alps 54 The cabin's *vine-hung eaves.
1835Willis Pencillings II. lviii. 147 The same square, *vine-laced, perfectly green pastures and cornfields.
1855Singleton Virgil I. 107 For thee, With *vine-leafed autumn laden blooms the field.
1822Hortus Anglicus II. 208 *Vine-leaved Kitaibelia.
1727P. Blair Pharmaco-Bot. v. 215 Viticulated, or *Vine-like Leaves. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man 345 Stories..of the climbing from earth to heaven by a tree or vine⁓like plant.
1740Dyer Ruins Rome 35 The *vine-mantled brows The pendent goats unveil.
a1593Marlowe Ovid's Eleg. ii. xvi. 33 Although *vine-planted ground Conteines me. 1848Buckley Iliad 39 Vine-planted Epidaurus.
1809J. Montgomery West Indies, etc. (1810) 34 On pure Madeira's *vine-robed hills of health.
1839Bailey Festus 143 A *vine-shadowed cottage door.
a1869Rossetti House of Life xc, Upon the broad *vine-sheltered path.
1876Lanier Psalm West 183 O Stars wreathed *vinewise round yon heavenly dells.
1791Cowper Iliad vi. 159 They their wands *Vine-wreathed cast all away. 1828Miss Mitford Village Ser. iv. (1863) 71 Working at her needle under the vine-wreathed porch.
9. Special Combs.: † vine apple (see squash n.2 1); vine-bamboo, a species of panic-grass (Panicum divaricatum); † vine-bind (see quots.); vine-black (see quot.); vine-bower, a species of clematis (Clematis Viticella); vine-disease, one or other disease attacking vines, esp. vine-mildew and the vine-pest (Phylloxera); † vine dragon [ad. F. drageon] (see quot.); vine-feeder, any insect living on vines; vine-fly, ? = vine saw-fly; vine-fungus = vine-mildew; vine gall-insect (see quot.); vine-garden, † -garth, a vineyard; vine-grub = vine-fretter; vine-hook, -knife, implements used in pruning vines; vine-leek, round-headed garlic (Allium ampeloprasum); vine-louse, the phylloxera; † vine-man, -master, a vine-dresser or vine-grower; vine-mildew, a disease of vines caused by the fungus Oidium Tuckeri; the fungus or mould itself; vine-moth, a species of pyralis infesting vines; † vine-pear (see quots.); vine-pest, the phylloxera; † vine-press, a wine-press; vine-rake U.S. (see quot.); vine-rod, a rod of vine-wood, spec. as the staff of a Roman centurion; vine-sawfly, a species of sawfly, the larvæ of which feed on the vine; vine-scroll, an ornament representing a vine; vine-scrub, in Australia, scrub abounding in various species of Vitis; vine-snail [F. escargot des vignes], the Roman snail; † vine-wand = vine-rod; † vine-water, the sap which issues from vines when pruned; vine-weevil, a small weevil destructive to vines; vine-worm (see quot.); vine-worts, the order Vitaceæ.
Also, in recent American dictionaries, vine-beetle, vine-borer, vine-chafer, vine-curculio, vine-flea-beetle, vine-gall, vine-gall-louse, vine-hopper, vine-inch-worm, vine-procris, vine-root-borer, vine-slug, vine-sphinx, etc.
1871Kingsley At Last viii, Overhead, sprawled and dangled the common *Vine-bamboo, ugly and unsatisfactory in form.
1483Cath. Angl. 402/1 *Vynbynd, cornubus. 1601Holland Pliny I. 537 A certaine hearbe, which the Sicilians in their language call Ampelodesmos, (i. Vine⁓bind).
1860Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) III. 966 *Vine black, a black procured by charring the tendrils of the vine and levigating them.
1852Johnson Gard. Dict., *Vine Bower, Clematis Viticella.
1854Forrester in Proc. Royal Soc. VII. 156 On the *Vine-Disease in the Port-wine Districts of the Alto-Douro.
1601Holland Pliny I. 536 The manner of..planting by a trees side a *Vine Dragon (for so we use to call the old braunch of a Vine past all service, which hath done bearing many a yeare, and is now growne to be hard).
1855Zoologist XIII. 4680 Speyer gives Agrotis aquilina as a *vine-feeder.
1661Walton Angler (ed. 3) 97 Now for Flies;..I will name you but some of them, as..the cloudy, or blackish flie, the flag-flye, the *vine-flye. 1668Charleton Onomast. 47 Ips,..the Vine-Fly. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Fishing Fly, Natural Flies are innumerable:..the Tawny-Fly, the Vine-Fly, the Shell-Fly.
1857Henfrey Bot. §636 The *Vine Fungus appears to be a plant of this tribe [Oidium], rarely producing perfect fruit.
1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl., *Vine Gallinsect, an insect of the gallinsect class, principally found on the Vine, though capable of living on some other trees.
c1449Pecock Repr. iii. xvi. 383 Whanne money is paied to..a laborer in a *vyne gardein for his day labour in the same vyne gardein. 1839W. Chambers Tour Rhine 57/1 A tolerably long reach of the river, between banks richly clad with vine gardens.
c1440Alph. Tales 201 When þai come þer, þe *vyne-garth, at no frute was in befor, was growyng full of rype grapis.
1687Miége Gt. Fr. Dict. ii, Vine-fretter, or *Vine-grub. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Vine-grub, a kind of Worm that gnaws the Vine. 1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. s.v., Reaumur observes, that..both the winged and the unwinged Vine-grubs are females.
1601Holland Pliny I. 547 Men are wont to take their *Vine hookes when they be newly ground & sharpened [etc.]. 1615Thomas' Dict. (ed. 10), Averrunco,..to purge vines with a vinehooke.
1483Cath. Angl. 402/1 A *vyne knyfe, falx, falcicula. 1611Cotgr., Serpette, a Vine knife, or Gardeners knife. 1725Fam. Dict. s.v. Vintage, You must also provide Paniers, Dressers, Vine-Knives, Shovels and Rakes.
1597Gerarde Herbal i. lxxxviii. 139 The *Vine Leeke groweth of it selfe in vine⁓yards, and neere vnto vines in hot regions, whereof it both tooke the name Vine Leeke and French Leeke. 1852G. W. Johnson Cottage Gard. Dict. 24/2 A[llium] ampeloprasum (vine-leek).
1882Gard. Chron. XVII. 20 The new *Vine-louse Convention, held at Berne.
1550Coverdale Spir. Perle vi. Wks. (Parker Soc.) I. 115 The heavenly *vineman bringeth the Christians unto the winepress. 1579–80North Plutarch (1612) 368 In the morning..he went out..with his vine-men to labour in his vineyard.
1588Fraunce Lawiers Log. i. i. 2 b, The word.. is metaphoricall.., being borrowed of the *Vinemayster.
1855Ogilvie Suppl. 283 Oidium tuckeri is the *vine-mildew, parasitical upon the leaves and green parts of vines. 1867Chambers's Encycl. IX. 800/2 The vine disease, or vine mildew,..has of late years made great ravages.
1840J. & M. Loudon tr. Köllar's Treat. Insects iii. 172 This *Vine Moth is not the only species of the family Tortricidæ which selects the vine for its food. 1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 111 A..very efficient mode of destroying the vine⁓moth in France.
1704Dict. Rust. (1726), *Vine-Pear, or Damsel-Pear, is gray, reddish, round, and pretty big. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Pyrus, Poire de Vigne, i.e. The Vine Pear.
1887Westm. Rev. June 364 The ravages of the *vine-pest with the terrible name of Phylloxera vastatrix in France. 1897Outing XXIX. 434/1 Then came the terrible vine-pest, and on its heels came ruin.
1587Greene Euphues Wks. (Grosart) VI. 237 Alaying the heate of Bacchus *vynepresse, with the sweete conserues fetcht from Myneruaes Library. 1632Lithgow Trav. x. 459 A Vine⁓presse house, standing alone amongst Vineyards. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) II. 125 As grapes are squeezed in a vine-press. 1846Keightley Notes Virg., Georg. ii. 4 The vinepress, or vat in which they trod the grapes.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2710/2 *Vine-rake, an implement for pulling sweet-potato or other vines off from the ridges preparatory to the digging of the ground.
1601Holland Pliny I. 406 For the Centurion hath the honour to carie in his hand a *Vine-rod. a1661B. Holyday Juvenal (1673) 263/1 They may get a vine-rod, that is, a centurion's place. 1856Merivale Rom. Emp. xlii. (1871) V. 145 Some showed him the scars of their wounds, others the marks of the centurion's vine-rod.
1852T. W. Harris Insects Injur. Veg. vi. (1862) 512 Fir Saw-Fly.—*Vine Saw-Fly.—Rose⁓bush Slug. [Ibid. 522 A kind of saw-fly which attacks the grape-vine,..named Selandria Vitis. The saw-fly of the vine is of a jet-black color.]
1886Conder Syrian-Stone-Lore ix. (1896) 357 The *vine-scrolls and grape-bunches on the oldest mosaics of the Dome of the Rock.
1881A. C. Grant Bush-Life xxii, Impenetrable *vine-scrubs line the river-banks at intervals. 1889C. Lumholtz Among Cannibals 24 Along the streams vine-scrubs often abound.
1831J. Davies Mat. Med. 413 Some animals of an inferior class, such as bull-frogs, the *vine-snail, turtle, viper, crayfish, &c.
1601Holland Pliny I. 406 The *Vine wand is now entred into the campe, and by it our armies are raunged into battaillons.
1736Bailey Household Dict. s.v., The *vine⁓water without distilling, will have the same effect.
1882Garden 11 Mar. 172/1 Specimens of the black *Vine weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus), a very destructive insect.
1896E. G. Lodeman Spray. Plants 280 Fire-worm; Cranberry-worm; *Vine-worm; Blackhead (Rhopobota vacciniana).
1846Lindley Veg. Kingd. 439 The propriety of placing Leea along with *Vineworts has been questioned. 1870H. Macmillan True Vine vii. (1872) 296 note, The vine-worts, distinguished for their wholesome and nutritious qualities, seem closely allied to the Umbelliferæ.
Hence vine v. trans., to graft (in or into a vine); intr., to develop tendrils like a vine.
1579W. Wilkinson Confut. Fam. Love 15 b, The vine braunch is to be vined in the vine. Ibid. 16 Neither doth the Greeke or Latin translation afford any such termes of vinyng into a vine, as ye seme to import. 1796C. Marshall Gardening xv. (1813) 247 Sticking pease is to take place as soon as they begin to vine (or put forth tendrils).
▪ II. vine
obs. Sc. form of wine n. |