| 释义 |
veranda, verandah|vəˈrændə|
Forms: α. 8– veranda (8 -do, -der). β. 8– verandah. γ. 8–9 viranda, -dah (8 -do, -der). δ. 8 feranda, feerandah, verunda, voranda, 8–9 varanda, 9 varhandah.
[Originally introduced from India, where the word is found in several of the native languages, as Hindi varandā, Bengali bārāndā, mod.Skr. baranda, but appears to be merely an adoption of Pg. and older Sp. varanda (baranda) railing, balustrade, balcony. F. véranda appears to have been adopted from English.
The evidence for the origin of the word is fully presented in Yule and Burnell's Hobson-Jobson. The supposition that it was native to India accounts for some of the spellings placed under δ.]
1. a. An open portico or light roofed gallery extending along the front (and occas. other sides) of a dwelling or other building, freq. having a front of lattice-work, and erected chiefly as a protection or shelter from the sun or rain.
α1711C. Lockyer Acc. Trade India 20 The Building is very ancient, two Story high, and has..two large Verandas or Piazzas. 1757J. H. Grose Voy. E. Indies 84 A pent⁓house or shed, that forms what is called in the Portugueze Lingua-franca Verandas, either round, or on particular sides of the house. 1793Hodges Trav. India 39 These boats..are, however, extremely commodious, having in the center a small verander, or open portico. 1866Lowell Biglow P. Introd., Poems (1890) II. 201 The Captain was walking up and down the veranda of a country tavern in Massachusetts while the coach changed horses. 1884J. Gilmour Mongols xxvii. 325 A crowd of women..take their stand in the veranda of a temple.
β1800Asiat. Ann. Reg. 314/1 All around is a wide verandah, containing ranges of cells. 1808E. Sleath Bristol Heiress V. 208 Emma..advanced to meet Lady Castelton as she quitted her chair at the verandah. 1859L. Oliphant China & Japan II. ix. 198 The building itself was in the form of a shed, with very deep verandahs. 1879R. H. Elliot Written on Foreheads II. 2 After dinner we will sit in the verandah.
γ1751‘Philalethes’ Jrnl. Boscawen's Voy. Bombay (ed. 2) 45 When we got to the Prince's, he was sitting in a miserable little Virando or Piazza. 1765Phil. Trans. LVII. 219 Hence people get out into the virando's and elsewhere for breath. 1793Hodges Trav. India vii. 146 The space between the angle rooms are viranders, or open porticoes, to sit in during the evenings. 1818Lady Morgan France (ed. 3) II. 5 The pretty grisettes..were..not unconscious..of the glasses pointed from the virandas of Tortoni's or Hardy's cafés. 1833N. Arnott Physics (ed. 5) II. 184 When a slightly projecting roof, or a viranda, shadows..the whole front of a house. 1844Dickens Pictures from Italy (1846) 174 There are virandas and balconies..to almost every house.
δ1754–73E. Ives Voy. India i. iii. 45 Near each of the vorandas, there is a square room with a pillar in the middle. 1784in Archaeologia VII. 287 A feerandah, or piazza, which extends from east to west sixty feet. 1786Ibid. VIII. 254 The other gate leads to what in this country [India] is called a veranda or feranda, which is a kind of piazza, or landing place. 1800Asiat. Ann. Reg. 128/2 His Lordship is supposed to be seated in the east verunda of the government-house. 1836T. Hook G. Gurney I. 46 Vestibules, varhandahs,..palanquins and punkahs.
†b. Without article. Obs.
1776Trial Nundocomar 33/2 He was not in the room I saw him in yesterday; but in a little room of Veranda.
c. Austral. and N.Z. A roof-like structure built along the side of a building, esp. one built over the pavement outside business premises.
1873Trollope Australia I. 418 The verandah is a kind of open exchange,—some place on the street pavement apparently selected by chance, on which the dealers in mining shares do congregate. 1898Morris Austral Eng. 489/1 Verandahs..are an architectural feature..of most City shops, where they render the broad side-walks an almost continuous arcade. ‘Under the Verandah’ has acquired the meaning, ‘where city men most do congregate’. 1940F. Sargeson Man & Wife (1944) 45 The house is a very old house. Once it was a grocer's shop..but..the old man couldn't get another shopkeeper to take it. So he had the verandah roof pulled down, and the front altered. 1959M. Shadbolt New Zealanders 80 An untidy collection of bicycles and boys in the shade of a shop verandah.
2. attrib. and Comb., as veranda-chair, veranda pillar, veranda-post, etc.; veranda-builder, veranda-like adj.
1852Life in Bombay 17 A support to a light verandah⁓like roof. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Verandah-builder, a maker of wire or wood lattice-work. 1868Rep. U.S. Commissioner Agric. (1869) 204 There is no..climbing plant that can excel this as a covering for veranda pillars. c1890A. Murdoch Yoshiwara Episode 73 She clasped the verandah post..to keep her from falling in a swoon. 1897Kipling Capt. Cour. 196 Cheyne, in a verandah-room,..toiled along wearily from day to day. 1902Chambers's Jrnl. 14 June 437/2 Miss Tresscott..sought to show her disapproval..by turning her veranda-chair with its back to the gay scene. 1973Advocate-News (Barbados) 17 Feb. 12/6 (Advt.), Household furniture... It includes:—Verandah chairs. |