| 释义 |
impregnation|ɪmprɛgˈneɪʃən|
[n. of action from impregnate v. Cf. F. impregnation (14th c. in Godef., and in Cotgr. 1611), which may be the source.]
1. The action or process of making pregnant; fecundation, fertilization.
a. in animals.
1605Timme Quersit. i. iv. 15 Which impregnation commeth from no other than from those astrall seedes. 1633Bp. Hall Hard Texts 373 Upon her impregnation, the burden of her wombe shall force her to rest. 1799Med. Jrnl. I. 3 It has been an opinion..that when an animal of a perfect order is brought forth an hermaphrodite, that it must have been the consequence of a double impregnation. 1878Bell tr. Gegenbaur's Comp. Anat. 19 The egg-cell undergoes changes, which ordinarily commence after impregnation. 1880Günther Fishes 157 Circumstances which render artificial impregnation more practicable [in fishes] than in any other class of animals.
b. in plants.
1735J. Logan in Phil. Trans. Abr. VIII. 57 (heading) Experiments concerning the Impregnation of the Seeds of Plants. 1776Withering Brit. Plants (1796) II. 262 In no plant may the process of impregnation be so distinctly seen. 1875Bennett & Dyer Sachs' Bot. 485 Of pollen-tubes..only one usually grows to an extent sufficient to effect impregnation.
2. The action of imbuing or fact of being imbued with something; diffusion of an active element through a substance; saturation, spec. the saturation of wood with a preservative. Also fig.
1641French Distill. i. (1651) 11 Impregnation, is when any dry body hath drank in so much moisture that it will admit of no more. 1691Ray Creation i. (1692) 65 The Impregnation of the Blood with Air. 1790Keir in Phil. Trans. LXXX. 373 note, Colour communicated to oil of vitriol by impregnation with nitrous gas or vapour. 1847Smeaton Builder's Man. 66 The impregnation of timber with corrosive sublimate. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xxix. 390 The impregnation of fatty oil through the cellular tissue makes a well-fed bear nearly uneatable. 1872Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XXV. 186 It may be stated that the impregnation of wood with sulphate of copper, or with creosote oils, or their vapours, is of service in rendering the wood three or four times as lasting as unprepared material of the same quality. 1924E. G. Blake Seasoning & Preservation of Timber iii. 24 If the principle of impregnation was to be universally adopted, the danger of the exhaustion of the world's supply would be deferred. 1946Cartwright & Findlay Decay of Timber xiii. 258 Impregnation treatments are necessary whenever the timber is liable to be exposed to persistently damp conditions. 1968Gloss. Terms Timber Preservation (B.S.I.) 18 Impregnation, strictly the saturation of wood with a preservative. Generally used to describe treatments giving a high loading of preservative in the wood, e.g. pressure treatments.
3. concr.
a. That with which something is impregnated; an impregnating element, influence, etc.
1713Derham Phys.-Theol. (J.), What could implant in the body such peculiar impregnations, as should have such power? 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters II. 52 These several saline impregnations seemed nearly equally colorless and bright. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 397 The least period that this impregnation is allowed to remain.
b. Geol. A mineral deposit consisting of a rock impregnated with ore, not forming a true vein.
1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Impregnation, an ore-deposit consisting of the country-rock impregnated with ore, usually without definite boundaries.
Hence impregˈnational a., of or relating to impregnation.
1888J. T. Gulick in Linn. Soc. Jrnl. XX. 238 Impregnational Segregation is due to the different relations in which the members of a species stand to each other in regard to the possibility of their producing fertile offspring when they consort together. |