| 释义 |
▪ I. valance, n.1|ˈvæləns|
Forms: α. 5 valaunce, 6–7 valans (6 wal-), 5– valance (8 vol-); 5–9 vallance. β. 5, 7 valens, 6 valense, 7–9 vallens (7 -ins), 6– valence, 6–7 vallence. γ. pl. 6 vallanes, 6, 8 vallance, 7, 9 vallens; 6, 9 valence, 7 valens. δ. pl. 6 valandes, 7 vallands, -ents, 9 valends.
[Of obscure origin: perh. a. AF. *valance, f. valer = OF. avaler to descend (cf. vale vail v.2).
Florio (1598) gives ‘Valenza, valenzana, Say or Serge for bed-curtins or valances for beds’, and ‘Valenzana del letto, valences for beds’, but there is no evidence for the genuineness of these.]
1. A piece of drapery attached lengthways to a canopy, altar-cloth, or the like, so as to hang in a vertical position. Also attrib.
α1463in Bury Wills (Camden) 36 The selor of cloth on loffte, with the valaunce of scripture abowte the ymage. 1494Househ. Ord. (1790) 115 The ninth question; whether in the same feaste the Queens cloth of Estate shall hang as highe as the Kings or noe? answere thereunto; the Queens shall hang lower by the vallance. 1540Ludlow Churchw. Acc. (Camden) 2 For wesshynge of autor clothis and albes,..and the sowynge on of the valans of them. Ibid., The walans that hangyth over the heygh auter. 1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy (1698) II. 22 Four stately pillars of brass bear up a canopy of the same metal..with vallances and a gilt fringe, yet all of brass. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) I. 54 A tent, striped with white and gold,..and the valance, of the same colours. 1867Baker Nile Trib. v. 106 Upon striking the tent, we found beneath the valance between the crown and the walls a regiment of scorpions.
attrib.1892Lowndes Camping Sketches 49 Waxing eloquent over knotted guy-ropes and missing valance-loops.
β1500Will of M. Yonge (Somerset Ho.), Afore the ymage of our Lady within the valens of the same Chirch. a1548Hall Chron. (1809) 639 Sarcenet..let doune in maner of a valence before the gallery. 1577Holinshed Chron. II. 1082/2 A rich herse,..couered with blacke veluet, with a valence fringed with golde.
γ1806Naval Chron. XV. 231 The vallens [of the funeral canopy] were fringed with black.
2. spec.
a. A border of drapery hanging round the canopy of a bed; in later use, a short curtain around the frame of a bedstead, etc., serving to screen the space underneath.
αc1450Bk. Curtasye 447 in Babees Bk., For lordys two beddys schalle be made..Þo valance on sylour shalle henge with wyn, iij curteyns streȝt drawen with-inne. 1480Wardr. Acc. Edw. IV (1830) 132 A sperver.., conteignyng testour, celour, and valances lyned with busk. 1502Priv. Purse Exp. Eliz. York (1830) 66 The seler ij yerdes dim. and the quarter long, the valance j quarter dim. depe. a1593Marlowe in Engl. Parnassus (1600) 480 And as a costly vallance ore a bed, So did their garland tops the brooke orespred. 1611Cotgr., Les pentes d'vn lict, the Valance. 1676Covel in Early Voy. Levant (Hakluyt Soc.) 165 The vallance was of the same make. 1749Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. (1861) II. 527, I think the fringe of the valance and bases should be the same depth as that on the bottom of the curtains. 1837Barham Ingol. Leg. Ser. i. Spectre of Tappington, He peeped under the valance of an old-fashioned bedstead. 1861F. Nightingale Nursing (ed. 2) 56 An iron bedstead, (no vallance, of course), and hair mattress. 1883F. M. Peard Contradictions i. They had tucked away the scalloped valance,..and drawn back the striped curtains.
β1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Presilla pelada, vallence for a bed. 1602Inv. in Collectanea Archæol. (1863) II. 97 One bedsteede,..The vallence and frynge of curtaines of say. 1622Peacham Compl. Gentl. xiii. (1634) 139 As we see in knops now adayes upon the Valences and Canopies of beds. 1679Lond. Gaz. No. 1434/4 The Curtains and double Vallence of a red Damask Bed. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) IV. 396 She had had the presence of mind..to tear down the half-burnt vallens, as well as curtains. 1794Girlhood of M. J. Holroyd (1896) 287 Mrs Maynard has made up..the Bed..with full Valences. 1831Remembrance 80 The hangings of the large square bed were of yellow merino,..with plain, moth-eaten valences.
γ1567Harman Caveat (1869) 67 These make laces vpon staues, purses,..and whyte vallance for beddes. 1587Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees 1860) 317 A pare of sheates, a coueringe, a teaster, courtaynes and vallanes. 1612Webster White Devil iii. ii. 177 Let him make Valence for his bed on't, or a demy foote-cloth. 1730Southall Treat. Buggs 40 The Tester-Cloth,..to which the Head-cloth, and inside and outside Vallens are to be fixed. 1759Phil. Trans. LI. 284 All the vallance were unnailed.
δ1512Test. Ebor. (Surtees) V. 38 Two pilloo coddes with the valandes. 1590Shuttleworths' Acc. (Chetham Soc.) 58 Lyttell nelles to festen valandes to bedesse, ijd. 1631Quarles Hist. Samson Wks. (Grosart) II. 161/2 My beds,..My sheets; My vallents, and my curtaines. 1675H. Teonge Diary (1825) 47 The bedds..with white curtens, and vallands. 1881Blackmore Christowell xxi. (1882) II. 50 They came from the valends of the broken down bedstead.
b. A short window-curtain. rare.
1726Adv. Capt. R. Boyle (1768) 3 Nailing up some Vallens to the Windows in the Dining-room. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2688 Valance, a lambrequin, or drooping curtain hiding the curtain-rods of a window.
3. a. A pendant border or edging of velvet, leather, or other material.
a1700Evelyn Diary 1 Apr. 1644, The Duke of Orleans's Library;..the valans of the shelves being of greene velvet fring'd with gold. 1801tr. Gabrielli's Mysterious Husb. III. 5 Nor were the valence less adorned;—indeed, they appeared to have been fashioned by a chissel. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2688 Valance, the drooping ledge at the parting of a trunk.
transf.1884W. K. Parker Mammalian Descent ii. (1885) 55 note, In whose larval skull a similar vallance of cartilage grows copiously.
b. A flap attached to a head-dress, esp. as a protection against the sun.
1791H. Walpole Lett. (1891) IX. 318 The hats with valences, the folds above the chin of the ladies, and the dirty shirts and shaggy hair of the young men,..have confounded all individuality. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1246 Like the cap with a valance named from the East Indian hero ‘Havelock’.
c. A protective panel extending below the basic chassis construction of a vehicle.
1933Auden in Rev. Eng. Stud. (1978) Aug. 305 A four-door sporting coupé..valances and wings in black. 1937Times 11 Dec. 4/7 Here also..are..the coil on the wing valance, and the electric petrol pump on the dash. 1972Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 13 Oct. 27 His car incorporates a valance to hide mechanical parts underneath the body. 1979International Railway Jrnl. Dec. 51/3 Underframe members are enclosed by the addition of extra panels at the front and deeper valances along the sides.
▪ II. † valance, n.2 Obs.—1
In 5 -aunce.
[ad. F. Valence Valencia in Spain.]
A Valencia almond.
1469in Househ. Ord. (1790) 103 Item Jardens and Valaunces 330 lb.
▪ III. † valance, n.3 Obs.—1
In 6 -aunce.
[app. ad. med.L. valesia, valisia valise, with ending assimilated to n.1]
A cloak-bag.
a1562Cavendish Wolsey (1893) 64 Byfore hyme he hadde..a gentilman that caried his valaunce, otherwyse called a clooke bage; which was made all to gether of fynne scarlett clothe, enbrodered over..with clothe of gold very richly.
▪ IV. ˈvalance, v. rare.
Also vallance.
[f. valance n.1: cf. next.]
trans. To drape or fringe with, or as with, a valance.
1857Heavysege Saul 294 Butter-cups and scarlet bean Do vallance like pied beard his chin. |