| 释义 |
‖ uvula|ˈjuːvjʊlə|
Forms: 5–7 vuula, 6 uuula, 6–7 vvula, 7– uvula; 6 euuela, uuila, vuola, vuala.
[a. med.L. ūvula (whence Sp. and Pg. uvula, It. uvola, ugola, OF. uvule, uvele, huvele uvule), dim. of L. ūva uva.]
1. Anat. The conical fleshy prolongation hanging from the middle of the pendent margin of the soft palate in man and some other primates.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 261 Aboue þis instrument is vuula þat is þe palet of þe mouþ & helpiþ for to make soun. Ibid., Sumtyme vuula wexiþ to long. 1525tr. Jerome of Brunswick's Surg. B ii/2 Tonge, rowfe, and vuula, y⊇ whiche is a lytell deme hangynge in y⊇ throte lyke the spynne. 1569R. Androse Alexis' Bk. Med. iii. 33 Against the falling of the Vuola, and swelling of the Pallate. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 495 Good and ready helpes for the sorenes of the vuula which is in the Horses mouthes. c1645Howell Lett. ii. i. (1650) 1 The same defluxion..fell..into my throat in Oxford, and distilling upon the uvula impeached my utterance a little. 1676Wiseman Surg. iv. vii. 333 An Elongation of the Uvula through the abundance of salivous Humour flowing upon it. 1705Phil. Trans. XXV. 1984 The Uvula..is moved by three pair of Muscles. 1724Ramsay Health 183 When th' uvula has got its mortal wound. 1753Torriano Gangr. Sore Throat 4 After having examin'd her, they found the Uvula much lengthened. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 150 On inspecting the throat, the tonsils and uvula were not observably altered. 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 597 The uvula..forms the inferior edge of the velum palati into a double arch. 1866Huxley Physiol. vi. 146 The soft palate, or velum—the middle of which is produced into a prolongation, the uvula. 1902Hughes & Keith Man. Pract. Anat. III. 368 The uvula is connected with each tonsil by the furrowed band, to be seen when the uvula is pulled gently aside.
b. A small eminence forming the apex of the trigone, and projecting into the urethral orifice.
1835–6Todd's Cycl. Anat. I. 386/1 The uvula in the child is the most depending part of the bladder. 1861Sir. H. Thompson Dis. Prostate (ed. 2) 7 The mucous membrane and submucous tissues around the internal meatus, particularly those forming the uvula or luette vesicale. Ibid. 26 A faint whitish line directly in front of the uvula.
c. A lobe or triangular elevation situated between the two tonsils of the cerebellum.
1848Dunglison Med. Lex. (ed. 7) 887 The inferior vermiform process..consisting of three portions—the pyramid, the uvula, and the nodulus.
†2. ellipt. Inflammation of the uvula; uvulitis.
1539Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 69 b, Whereby are ingendred Catarres or reumes, the uuula, the cough, and the stytche. 1570T. Wilson Demosth. Orat., Life 133 Troubled with the Vvula being a swelling in the throte.
3. attrib. and Comb., esp. in the names of surgical instruments for operating on the uvula, as uvula elevator, uvula scissors, uvula spoon, etc.; also uvula-cushion (see quot. 1884); uvula trill (see quot. 1908); † uvula-wort, the nettle-leaved bell-flower, Campanula Trachelium.
1597Gerarde Herbal ii. ii. 366 [It] is called..in English..Throtewoort or Vuula woort, of the vertue it hath against the paine and swelling thereof. 1678Phillips (ed. 4), Uvula-spoon..is an Instrument to be held right under the Uvula. 1710[see uvular a. 1]. 1728Bradley Dict. Bot. s.v., Uvula Wort; see Throat-wort. 1869Ellis E.E. Pronunc. i. 8 R r uvula trill, F. r provençal or grasseyé. Ibid. 198 A sharp uvula rattle without any moisture. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2685/2 Uvula-scissors with claws. 1876tr. Ziemssen's Cycl. Pract. Med. IV. 43 The instrument..called the uvula-holder. Ibid. 67 A uvula elevator. 1884M. Mackenzie Dis. Throat & Nose II. 253 Beneath the septum the base of the uvula containing the azygos muscle forms a slight projection, called the ‘uvula-cushion’. 1895Arnold & Sons' Catal. Surg. Instrum. p. xlv, Uvula Hook, Scissors, Twitch. 1908Sweet Sounds of English 40 The ‘burred r’ is a uvula-trill; the uvula..is driven upwards by the force of the outgoing air [etc.]. |