| 释义 |
hypochondria|hɪpəʊˈkɒndrɪə, haɪpəʊ-|
Also hypocondria, and 8 hypocondrias.
[ad. late L. hypochondria pl. (Priscian), a. Gr. τὰ ὑποχόνδρια the soft parts of the body below the costal cartilages (rendered præcordia by Celsus), neut. pl. of ὑποχόνδριος, f. ὑπό hypo- 1 + χόνδρος gristle, cartilage, esp. that of the breast-bone (the ‘ensiform cartilage’). See also prec. and hypochondrium.]
‖1.
a. as pl. of hypochondrium. Those parts of the human abdomen which lie immediately under the ribs and on each side of the epigastric region.
†b. The viscera situated in the hypochondria; the liver, gall-bladder, spleen, etc., formerly supposed to be the seat of melancholy and ‘vapours’.
1563T. Gale Antidot. ii. 39 It..healeth flatulentnes of Hypochondria. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. iv. 127 If our spleen or hypochondria..send up such melancholic fumes into our heads as move us to sadness and timorousness, we cannot justly call that vice. 1754–64Smellie Midwif. III. 484 There was no hardness or inflammation about..the hypochondria. 1835–6Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 4/2 Between the hypochondria is the proper epigastric region.
†c. Erroneously as sing., for hypochondrium.
1725in G. Sheldon Hist. Deerfield, Mass. (1895) I. 448 The indians fired upon them, and woundd Deacon Samll Field, the ball passing through the right Hypocondria. 1727De Foe Syst. Magic i. iv. (1840) 97 Thus raising the vapours in their hypocondrias, they were every night dreaming that they heard it thunder.
d. Entom. (See quot.)
1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. III. 388 Hypochondria,..two portions of segments, one on each side; which in some genera (Carabus L., etc.) intervene between the first intire ventral segment and the posterior part of the Postpectus.
2. as sing. A morbid state of mind, characterized by general depression, melancholy, or low spirits, for which there is no real cause. Now identical in meaning with hypochondriasis (q.v.); it remains the commoner term among laymen.
This use of the word was app. developed in English, prob. on the supposition that it was an abstract feminine n. Cf. F. hypocondrie which seems to be of late introduction (1812 in Hatz.-Darm.).
1668Dryden Even. Love iv. ii, I know what you would say, that it is melancholy; a tincture of the hypochondria you mean. 1700J. A. Astry tr. Saavedra-Faxardo II. 242 The Pannick Fears of that Hypochondria of State-Interest. 1710Tatler No. 231 ⁋4 Will Hazard was cured of his hypochondria by three glasses. 1830Scott Demonol. i. 23 The symptom..is..equally connected with hypocondria. 1839F. Winslow Physic & Physicians II. 155 Cowper's madness, most undoubtedly, originated from some bodily ailment... All through his disorder, the digestive organs were impaired... Such, indeed, was the true source of his hypochondria. 1853C. Brontë Villette xx, There sat a silent sufferer—a nervous, melancholy man. Those eyes..had long waited comings and goings of that strangest spectre, Hypochondria. 1899J. Macpherson Mental Affections viii. 147 The two affections [sc. melancholia and hypochondria] are different in so far as the emotional depression, combined with the intellectual disturbance of melancholia, is not present in hypochondria. 1928R. D. Gillespie in Guy's Hosp. Rep. LXXVIII. 409 The term hypochondria appears always to have referred to preoccupation with complaints of illness, and usually of bodily illness. 1955Times 4 Nov. 5/4 The fantastic array of purges, nerve sedatives, tonics,..processed this, irradiated that, and impregnated the other shows that hypochondria is widespread. |