| 释义 |
▪ I. hurry, n.|ˈhʌrɪ|
Also 6–7 hurrey, -ie.
[Hurry n. and vb., with the exception of a doubtful ME. instance of the latter, are known only from end of 16th c.; it is uncertain which of them has priority etymologically, and the order of sense-development is not clear. In the earliest cited instances the n. is identical in sense with hurly1; so hurry-burry with hurly-burly. With these cf. also mod.Du. herrie, hurrie, agitation, bustle, disorder, tumult. The earliest cited instances of the vb., on the other hand, go with branch II of the n., and point to more immediate onomatopœic origin, the element hurr being naturally used in various languages to express the sound of rapid vibration, and the rapid motion which it accompanies. Thus MHG. and Ger. hurren to whir, Sw. and Norw. dial. hurra to whir, whizz, whirl round, Da. hurre to whir, Icel. hurr hurly-burly, noise.]
I.
†1.
a. Commotion or agitation, physical, social, or political; disturbance, tumult. (With or without a and pl.) Obs.
1600Holland Livy xxxviii. 1003 The tumult still encreased, and the multitude was all up on a hurrey. 1607Shakes. Cor. iv. vi. 4 The present peace, And quietnesse of the people, which before Were in wilde hurry. 1625Fletcher & Shirley Nt. Walker ii. ii, What thousand noises pass through all the rooms? What cryes and hurries? 1659D. Pell Impr. Sea Ep. Ded. C, In a turbulent Sea, where there is nothing but a Chaos of hurry, and confusion. 1762Wesley Jrnl. 6 Sept., A poor man began to make some tumult. But many cried out, ‘Constables, take him away’. They did so, and the hurry was over. 1843R. R. Madden United Irishmen Ser. ii. II. xx. 433 In the south of Ireland, the rebellion of 1798 is designated by a term..indicative of the confusion attendant on an insurrection. The people call it ‘the hurry’.
†b. concr. A confused crowd, a mob. Obs. rare.
1620Shelton Quix. (1896) III. 54 For all your Pharaos, your Ptolomies..your Caesars..with all the hurrie (if I may so terme them) of your infinite Princes, Monarchs, Lords, Medes,..Persians, Grecians, and Barbarians. 1714Gay Trivia iii. 30 The Pavement sounds with trampling Feet, And the mixt Hurry barricades the Street.
†2. Mental agitation or disturbance; excitement; perturbation. (Also with pl.) Obs.
1600Holland Livy ix. xxiv. 331, I will for my part set all presently in a hurrie [terrore implebo]. 1682Norris Hierocles 162 Void of all material passions, and terrestrial hurries. 1704F. Fuller Med. Gymn. (1711) 146 There is nothing like Hurrying the Body, to divert the Hurry of the Mind. 1754Richardson Grandison V. ii. 10 They thought it adviseable that I should not be admitted into her presence, till the hurries she was in had subsided. 1789F. Burney Diary 18 Feb., He found nothing now remaining of the disorder, but too much hurry of spirits.
II.
3. a. Excited, hasty, or impetuous motion; rush. Now rare or Obs.
1659Stanley Hist. Philos. xiii. (1701) 596/2 The motion of the Heaven, or of the Stars..might in the first case..both have begun, and be continued by the hurry of some Air. 1696Whiston Th. Earth ii. (1722) 74 Strange uncertain Hurries of Opake Masses hither and thither. 1709Mrs. Manley Secr. Mem. (1736) I. 125 My Heart is upon the Hurry. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 530 The hurry and vigour of circulation [of the blood] are greater than at any future period. 1860Longfellow Wayside Inn, Paul Revere 73 A hurry of hoofs in a village street.
†b. A strong impulse. Obs. rare.
1693C. Mather Invis. World (1862) 188 Grievous and Pulling Hurries to Self-Murder are none of the smallest outrages, which the Devil in his Temptations commits upon us.
4. a. Action accelerated by some pressure of circumstances, excitement, or agitation; undue or immoderate haste; the condition of being obliged to act quickly through having little time; eagerness to get something done quickly. (See also 5.)
1692Dryden St. Euremont's Ess. 77 To enjoy themselves equally in the hurry of Business, and the Repose of a Private Life. 1700T. Brown tr. Fresny's Amusem. Ser. & Com. 23 With what Hurry and Swiftness is the Circulation of London perform'd? 1769Junius Lett. xxxv. 156 The imprudent hurry with which the first overtures from France were accepted. 1803Med. Jrnl. X. 101 Much hurry of business prevents R. S. from entering further into the other queries. 1833N. Arnott Physics I. 370 Surprised at the extent and hurry of the preparations. 1879Farrar St. Paul (1883) 188 There is no hurry in the designs of God.
b. Qualified by no or any (with negative implication): Need or occasion for hurry.
1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iv. I. 434 Sometimes he said that there was no hurry, and sometimes that he was too weak. Mod. Is there any hurry?
5. Phrases (from 4).
a. in a hurry: In haste due to pressure, want of time, or excitement; in urgent haste.
1700S. L. tr. Fryke's Voy. E. Ind. 42 The other had no sooner got his Gun, but in a hurry he fires upon him; but not taking good aim, did not do any execution. 1726G. Shelvocke Voy. round World (1757) 202 He was in a great hurry to get his sprit-sail-yard fore and aft. a1773Chesterfield in J. Trusler Princ. Politeness (1790) 61 A man of sense may be in haste, but he is never in a hurry... To be in a hurry is a proof that the business we embark in is too great for us. 1774C. J. Phipps Voy. N. Pole 129 This instrument, though far from complete, having been constructed in a hurry for the purpose of a first experiment. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 124, I drew it up in a hurry, intending to transcribe it. 1872Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 114 While the sun shines, such an enterprise must make hay in a hurry. 1884F. M. Crawford Rom. Singer I. 53 What a hurry you are in!
b. not..in a hurry, not very soon; to be in no hurry, to have plenty of time, to take one's time. (colloq.)
1778F. Burney Evelina II. xiii. 102 He won't put his tricks upon me again, in a hurry. 1812Lady Lyttelton Let. 28 Apr. in Corr. (1912) 132 That, you see, is very neat, and sounds as if it would not be forgotten in a hurry. 1837Goring & Pritchard Microgr. 109 The late Mr. T...whose like we shall not see again in a hurry. 1858Buckle Civiliz. (1873) II. viii. 595 Believing that little can be done they are in no hurry to do it. 1865W. G. Palgrave Arabia I. 110 Not yet liberated, nor likely to be so in a hurry.
6. Technical and specific uses.
a. A small load of hay or corn. dial. (cf. hurry v. 6).
b. One of the ‘spouts’ which allow coal to rush down from cars (running on a timber framework) into the hold of a ship; pl. the whole framework or ‘stathe’.
c. Dramatic Music. A tremolo passage played on the violin or other instrument to accompany an exciting scene.
d. Dr. Lodge's proposed term for a unit of acceleration (in Physics), i.e. an acceleration of one foot per second in a second.
1659Dedham Rec. (1894) IV. 5 No Inhabitant of this Towne shall..cutt any grasse in any of the Comon meadows..vpon the penaltie of forfieting tenn shillings for euery Loade or hurry of haye so cutt. 1787W. Marshall Norfolk (1795) II. Gloss. (E.D.S.), Hurry, a small load of hay or corn. 1794Nat. Hist. in Ann. Reg. 329 In this staith are fixed five hurries or spouts..the hurries or spouts lie with an inclining slope of about forty-five degrees. 1836–9Dickens Sk. Boz xii. 70/1 Then the wrongful heir comes in to two bars of quick music, (technically called ‘a hurry’). 1879Lodge Elem. Mech. 21 note, Suppose..we..call the unit of velocity a ‘speed’... If a name were..wanted for the unit of acceleration, or one speed per second, it might perhaps be called a ‘hurry’. 1888Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. T. 231 The ‘hurry’ is generally played as a preparation for the culminating point of a dramatic incident..during stage struggles or like exciting actions.
7. Used adverbially: With hurry.
1796Scott Will. & Helen xxxvii, And, hurry! hurry! off they rode.
8. Comb. (from sense 1). Also hurry call (orig. U.S.), a call for immediate help in an emergency; a request for immediate action.
1650Trapp Comm. Lev. xxvi. 8 Those..that heard an hurrie-nois in the aër (made by the Angels likely). 1901Munsey's Mag. XXIV. 798/1 If it was a hurry call, she would send them to Gilchrist. 1908G. H. Lorimer Jack Spurlock i. 11 In answer to a hurry-call from his wife to get rich. 1915Wodehouse Something Fresh iii. 73 His friends..send in a hurry-call to police headquarters. 1938F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad v. 63 A wireless ‘hurry call’ was flashed out from the Yard and a Flying Squad car raced to the house. 1964Wodehouse Frozen Assets ix. 160 Percy would be sending out hurry calls for the police.
▸ hurry sickness n. Psychol. a behaviour pattern characterized by an urgent and persistent need to feel busy or productive, and often an anxious, excessive preoccupation with work at the expense of relaxation and socializing.
1974M. Friedman & R. H. Roseman Type A Behaviour & your Heart vi. 70 The most significant trait of the Type A man is his habitual sense of time urgency or ‘*hurry sickness’... The Type A man incessantly strives to accomplish too much or to participate in too many events. 1998Guardian 21 Mar. (Jobs & Money section) 31/2 ‘People who are apparently successful don't believe they are and don't feel it.’ They are constantly striving, and this leads to ‘achiever fever’, to ‘hurry sickness’ and to constant anxiety, he adds.
▪ II. hurry, v.|ˈhʌrɪ|
Also ? 4 horye(n.
[See hurry n. (The order of senses is uncertain: possibly sense 3 was the earliest, as app. in the n.)]
1. trans. To carry, convey, or cause to go with excessive haste, under the influence of external pressure or of excitement. Frequently with along, away, down, up, in, out, etc.
(It is not certain that the first quot. belongs to this word.)[13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 883 Þe ȝonge men..by þe hondez hym hent & horyed him with-inne.] 1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 904 A second fear..Which madly hurries her she knows not whither. 1601Weever Mirr. Mart., Sir J. Oldcastle E viij b, To Thickets feeld then was Oldcastle hurried. 1676tr. Guillatiere's Voy. Athens 289 Caverns, into which the poor Shepheards hurry their Flocks upon any alarm. 1760C. Johnston Chrysal (1822) II. 214 My master was seized and hurried away to a prison. 1834Medwin Angler in Wales I. 148, I rushed out of the house, not knowing whither my steps were hurrying me. 1874L. Stephen Hours in Library (1892) II. i. 6 We commonplace beings are hurried along in the crowd.
b. To carry or drive with impetuosity or without deliberation to some action, conduct, or condition of mind.
1595Shakes. John v. i. 35 Wilde amazement hurries vp and downe The little number of your doubtfull friends. 1621T. Williamson tr. Goulart's Wise Vieillard 104 Those raging and unruly passions, which hurry the wicked up and downe. 1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. i. §2 The poor People..are furiously hurried into actions..destroying all foundations of Law and Liberty. 1704J. Pitts Acc. Mahometans 18 Drinking hurries Men on to the worst of Vices. 1838Thirlwall Greece III. 97 To hurry you into an act of unjust aggression.
†c. To drive (anything) with rapid or impetuous motion. Obs.
1615G. Sandys Trav. 278 Exhalations..hurried about with a most violent motion. 1696Whiston The. Earth iv. (1722) 370 A Comet's Atmosphere is a very stormy Fluid wherein Masses of Opake Matter are continually hurried about.
2. intr. To move or act with excited haste, or with an evident or apparent effort at speed; to press on without leisure or with great or undue haste. With advbs. as in 1. hurry up! make haste, increase your speed (colloq.).
1590Shakes. Com. Err. v. i. 140 Desp'rately he hurried through the streete. 1591― 1 Hen. VI, iv. iii. 53 Liues, Honours, Lands, and all, hurrie to losse. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. iii. Wks. 1856 I. 32 Gastly amazement..Shall hurry on before, and usher us. 1700S. L. tr. Fryke's Voy. E. Ind. 74 Near enough to hear them..and to see their Troops hurry from one place to another. 1816Keatinge Trav. (1817) I. 49 At sun-set all must hurry inside the gates. 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville II. 47 They hurried off to obtain relief. 1871H. Macmillan True Vine vi. (1872) 259 Nature never hurries, never takes leaps, never wearies. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 74 The fresh water hurrying onward to the sea. 1890Acrobats & Mountebanks 72 ‘Walk in, walk in! ladies and gentlemen’, cries the showman... ‘Walk in, walk in! Hurry up!’
†3. trans. To agitate, disturb, excite; to molest, harass, worry. Obs. exc. dial. Cf. hurry n. 1.
1611Cotgr., Harassé,..harried, molested, hurried. 1613T. Milles tr. Mexia's, etc. Treas. Anc. & Mod. T. I. 17/1 Then must the conscience be hurried with her owne piercings. 1683Tryon Way to Health 380 As those savage Beasts do delight to kill, hurry, oppress, tear and eat the Blood of their fellow Creatures. 1829I. Taylor Enthus. ix. 232 So under the influence of the imagination as to have their sleep hurried with visions. 1832H. Martineau Ireland iv. 63 Her form wasted, her spirits were hurried. 1848A. B. Evans Leicestersh. Words s.v., I've been very much hurried this morning; for I've just heard of the death of my old friend T―.
4. To urge or excite to greater speed; to hasten the action, motion, or progress of; often, to hasten unduly.
1713Addison Guardian No. 154 ⁋2, I hurried my habit, and got it ready a week before the time. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. III. liv. 175 The Commons..now hurried on as much as they formerly delayed, the disbanding of the armies. 1836Westm. Rev. Apr. 176 Indeed, the conclusion [of the drama] appears to be somewhat hurried up. 1845Ford Handbk. Spain i. 55 Nor is there any good to be got in trying to hurry man or beast in Spain. 1889L. B. Walford Stiff-necked Generat. 190 Shall I ring and hurry up the tea?
refl.1838Dickens Nich. Nick. v, You needn't hurry yourself. 1877M. M. Grant Sun-Maid i, There was no reason why the express should hurry itself.
5. To put away, on, out, forth, etc., hurriedly or hastily.
1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. (ed. 3) I. 208 Lady Roseville hurried away a tear that would start unbidden. 1807Sir R. Wilson Jrnl. 9 June in Life (1862) II. viii. 256 Hurrying on my clothes. 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. xxxii, Ere His tongue could hurry forth his fear. 1833N. Arnott Physics (ed. 5) I. 650 When the glottis is once opened,..the stutterer..is glad to hurry out as many words as he can.
6. north. dial. To transport or convey (= drive v. 5 b; e.g., to drive a cart, drive coal). spec. in Coal-mining, To transport (the coal) from the face of the working to the bottom of the shaft (see hurrier 2); also absol.
1847–78Halliwell, Hurry (1) to bear, lead, or carry any⁓thing away. North. 1883Almondbury & Huddersf. Gloss., Hurry, to draw or move a cart. A horse hurries coals, &c. 1898Cleckheaton Guardian 21 Oct., Joel B―, son of the deceased, said he hurried for his father. |