| 释义 |
Hurrian, n. and a.|ˈhʊrɪən|
Also Harrian; (less freq.) Harri, Hurri; Kharri, Khurri, -ian.
[f. Hittite and Assyrian Ḫar·ri, Ḫur·ri + -an.]
A. n.
a. Name of a widespread non-Semitic people in the Middle East during the second and third millennia b.c., sometimes identified with the Horites. Also, a member of this people.
b. The language (written in cuneiform) of this people, not known to be related to any other language.
B. adj. Of or pertaining to the Hurrians or their language. Hence ˈHurrianize v. trans., to make Hurrian in form or character.
1911Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 182/2 It is clear that Mesopotamia had now a further new element in its population, bearing apparently the name Kharri. 1928C. Dawson Age of Gods 302 Harrian is practically identical with the language of the people of Mitanni. Ibid., The dominant element in Mitanni was..Indo-Iranian, in origin, but there is no trace of this in the Harrian language. 1929J. Garstang Hittite Empire ii. 34 North of it[sc. Assyria]..was Alshe, a Harrian dependency; while..eastern Taurus was apparently wholly in possession of the Harrians, whose seat must probably be sought in Armenia itself, possibly in the neighbourhood of Lake Van. 1930Dublin Rev. Jan. 9 Hurrian was one of the languages of the eastern part of the Hittite Empire. Ibid. 11 Nahmaulel..may be either Hurrianized Semitic, or wholly ‘foreign’—i.e., presumably Caucasian or Hurrian. 1939L. H. Gray Foundations of Lang. 380 Khurrian (or Kharrian). 1944I. J. Gelb Hurrians & Subarians i. 1 Both Hurrians and Subarians, their lands and their languages, are mentioned frequently in the cuneiform inscriptions discovered in the early 19th century during the British excavations at Kuyunjik. 1948A. L. Kroeber Anthropol. (rev. ed.) xvii. 713 Soon after 1500 the Harri established themselves for a few brief centuries in Mitanni on the upper Euphrates. 1949W. F. Albright Archaeol. of Palestine viii. 183 The Hurrian language was a complex agglutinative tongue, resembling Sumerian or Turkish more closely in structure than either Semitic or Indo-European, but not related to any of them. 1952O. R. Gurney Hittites i. 26 In 1457 b.c. the Hurrian domination was brought to an end by the victories of Tuthmosis III in his eighth campaign. 1957Chambers's Encycl. VII. 156/1 The foundation of strong Amorite kingdoms..was followed by the establishment of Hurrian states on the upper Euphrates. Ibid., The Hittites..took little part at first in the struggle in Syria between Egypt and the Hurrians. 1960K. M. Kenyon Archaeol. in Holy Land vii. 182 There are the Ḫurri, who seem to have established themselves on the middle Euphrates at the beginning of the millennium. 1972Times 31 Aug. 12/6 David Willstar..succeeded in deciphering the musical notation of Hurrian hymns found on pieces of clay in the French dig at Rash-ash-shamra, dating from 1300 b.c. |