| 释义 |
hornblende Min.|ˈhɔːnblɛnd|
Also -blend.
[a. Ger. hornblende, f. horn horn + blende.]
1. A mineral closely allied to augite, and having as its chief constituents silica, magnesia, and lime. It is a constituent of many rocks, as granite, syenite, and diorite, and has numerous varieties, aluminous and non-aluminous, as actinolite, antholite, asbestos, dannemorite, nephrite, tremolite, etc., which are sometimes all included under the name amphibole; it is usually of a dark brown, black, or greenish black colour.
1770Forster tr. Cronstedt's Min. 95 The hornblende of the Swedes. 1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. 215 The great weight of the stone called hornblende made the miners at first imagine it contained some metal, but finding none except iron they called it blind. 1847Tennyson Princ. iii. 344 Chattering stony names Of shale and hornblende, rag and trap and tuff, Amygdaloid and trachyte. 1876Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. v. 104 Hornblende is of a dark or dark-green colour, with a horny glistening lustre.
2. attrib. Of hornblende, as hornblende boulder, etc.; containing or having hornblende as a chief constituent, hornblendic, as hornblende basalt, hornblende granite, hornblende porphyry, hornblende syenite; hornblende andesite (see quot. 1885); hornblende gabbro, a variety of gabbro in which the diallage is more or less replaced by horneblende; hornblende rock, a green-stone consisting chiefly of hornblende; hornblende schist, slate, hornblende rock of a schistose nature.
1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. 354 Hornblende Porphyry. Ibid. 383 Hornblende Slate, penetrated with Talc or Mica. 1821J. McCulloch Geol. Classif. Rocks 298 Wherever hornblende rock occurs, it is only a portion of those beds of which the greater parts present the same characters as hornblende schist. 1862B. Taylor Poet's Jrnl., 2nd Eve 23 Through hornblende bowlders, where the discus flung. 1880G. C. M. Birdwood Ind. Art. II. 4 The horn⁓blende slate or schist from which the magnetic iron used for ages in the manufacture of Damascus steel..is still obtained. 1885Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (1893) 167 Hornblende-andesite consists of a triclinic felspar with hornblende, augite or mica... Hornblende-andesite is a volcanic rock of Tertiary and post-Tertiary date. |