| 释义 |
horme Psychol.|ˈhɔːmiː|
Also hormé.
[C. G. Jung's ad. Gr. ὁρµή impulse.]
Vital or purposeful energy. Hence ˈhormic a., of, pertaining to, or characterized by horme; ˈhormism, the theory of, or belief in, such purposeful energy; so ˈhormist, an adherent of hormism.
[a1680Cudworth Treat. Freewill (1838) 30 Now this love and desire of good,..is not a mere passion or horme, but a settled resolved principle. Ibid. 57 Epicurus..conceived that brutes were not merely passive to their own fancies and hormae, but that they could add something of their own to them.] 1915Jung in Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. IX. 396 The terminology—extraversion and introversion—depends upon my energic conception of mental phenomena. I assume a hypothetical energy which I designate as hormé. 1915W. H. B. Stoddart New Psychiatry 4 This word ‘horme’ has a wide signification, applicable to all the instincts. 1920T. P. Nunn Education ii. 21 To this element of drive or urge, whether it occurs in the conscious life of men and the higher animals, or in the unconscious activities of their bodies and the (presumably) unconscious behaviour of lower animals, we propose to give a single name—horme. 1926W. McDougall Outl. Abnormal Psychol. 27 Jung says, ‘I postulate a hypothetical fundamental striving which I designate libido’; and in a footnote..‘This energy may also be designated as hormé. Hormé is a Greek word (ὁρµή)—force, attack, press, impetuosity, violence, urgency, zeal. It is related to Bergson's ‘élan vital’. The concept hormé is an energetic expression for psychological values.’ Ibid. 121 The vital or hormic energy of B's organism. 1927Contemp. Rev. June 769 A kind of hormic determinism. 1931R. S. Woodworth Contemp. Schools Psychol. 213 Purpose can properly be carried over into abnormal psychology, as has been done by the hormic psycho-pathologists, Freud especially. 1937Jrnl. Theol. Stud. XXXVIII. 330 Miss Ikin is herself a thoroughly competent psychologist, with a Freudian training, but with a much wider interest in psychology of the hormic type than is usual in those whose concern has been with ‘deep analysis’ or psycho-analysis proper. 1944L. Cohn in H. Treece Herbert Read 58 McDougall adheres to the same ‘dionysian’ or hormic conception of the soul which is to-day represented by Bergson, Freud, [etc.]. 1948Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. June 187 The hormic-tension theory, (which explains pleasure as connected with the lowering of tension and unpleasure with its increase). 1948W. McDougall Introd. Soc. Psychol. (ed. 29) Suppl. vii. 465 ‘Pleasure and pain are also motive forces depending upon individual experience.’..To admit this is to combine hedonism with hormism. Ibid. 471 The hormist can find no clear instances that support Woodworth's thesis and can point to a multitude of instances which indicate an absence of..power. 1953Hinsie & Schatzky Psychiatric Dict. (ed. 2) 653/1 Hormism is..opposed to hedonism. 1958W. Stark Sociology of Knowledge 239 Though the sympherontic and hormic theories are commonly regarded as sociologies on knowledge. |