| 释义 |
▪ I. honeycomb, n.|ˈhʌnɪkəʊm|
Forms: see honey and comb.
[OE. huniᵹcamb, f. huniᵹ honey + camb comb n.1 (sense 8).]
1. A structure of wax containing two series of hexagonal cells separated by thin partitions, formed by bees for the reception of honey and their eggs.
The shape and arrangement of the cells secures the greatest possible economy at once of space and of material.
a1050Liber Scintil. x. (1889) 50 Sawl ᵹefylled trytt huniᵹcamb [fauum]. c1275Pass. Our Lord 616 in O.E. Misc. 54 Hi hym..brouhten of one visse ibred And ek enne huny-comb. a1340Hampole Psalter xviii. 11 Swetter abouen huny and huny kambe. c1440Promp. Parv. 245/1 Hony coom,..favus. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lxxxii. 39 Merchandis..hamperit in ane hony came. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. iv. (1586) 191 b, Blewe knoppes, or tuftes, like Honicoames. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xxxvi. 230 The fault that Ionathan had committed, in eating a honey⁓comb. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VIII. 100 The honeycomb of the bee is edgeways with respect to the hive. 1857Mrs. Carlyle Lett. II. 314 Tea, eggs, brown bread and honey-comb.
fig.c1386Chaucer Melib. ⁋147 He seith that wordes þat been spoken discreetly by ordinaunce been honycombes, for they yeuen swetnesse to the soule. 1642J. Eaton (title) The Honey-combe of Free Justification by Christ alone. 1842Tennyson E. Morris 26 Was he not A full-cell'd honeycomb of eloquence Stored from all flowers?
†2. A term of endearment. Cf. honey 5. Obs.
c1386Chaucer Miller's T. 512 What do ye, hony comb, sweete Alisoun? 1552Huloet, Darlynge, a wanton terme..as be these: honycombe, pyggisnye, swetehert, trueloue.
3. A cavernous flaw in metal work, esp. in guns.
1530Palsgr. 232/1 Honny combe, marcq. 1588Lucar Colloq. Arte Shooting App. 2 Whether or no any hony⁓combes flawes or crackes are in the peece. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Honey-comb, a Flaw in the Metal of a Piece of Ordnance. 1763Del Pino Sp. Dict., Escarabajos,..what gunners call honey-comb, that is, holes in the metal. 1828J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner (ed. 2) 339 Efforts to force the water through any honey-combs or flaws which there may be in the bore. 1881Greener Gun 146 A scratch or spot of honey-comb in the grooves renders the rifle completely useless for match-shooting.
4. The reticulum or second stomach of ruminants, so called from the appearance of its inner surface.
1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v. Ruminant, The reticulum, which we call the hony-comb. 1774Goldsmith Nat. Hist. II. ii. i. 1859Todd Cycl. Anat. V. 302/2 The second cavity, the honeycomb..is so called from the appearance of its mucous membrane.
5. a. Honeycomb work (see 6).
1838H. G. Knight Norm. in Sicily 276 The vault is ornamented with the Moorish honeycomb. 1882Daily Tel. 23 Nov., A large white quilt, real honeycomb.
b. Textiles. Used attrib. of a fabric in which the warp and weft threads form ridges and indentations, producing a cell-like appearance.
1879T. R. Ashenhurst Weaving & designing Textile Fabrics 250 Another cloth which may be mentioned is one known as the honeycomb cloth, which presents to the eye a series of ridges and cavities. 1913T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Fall & Winter 131/3 Full Bleached English Honeycomb Quilts..fringed all round..for single beds. 1921Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 5 Apr. 18/4 (Advt.), Honeycomb Towels at, each, 15c. 1929Woodhouse & Brand Towels & Towelling ix. 99 The unbroken diamond in the first unit..is filled in with the 8-thread honeycomb weave. 1968‘A. Gilbert’ Night Encounter iii. 41 High bed with a honeycomb quilt.
c. A structure consisting of numerous intersecting surfaces designed to reduce turbulence and straighten the air flow in a wind tunnel.
1912Sci. Amer. 14 Sept. 220/1 The usual method of eliminating swirls and irregularities of speed is to pass the air through a sheet metal ‘honeycomb’ at the front end [of the tunnel]. 1918Cowley & Levy Aeronautics i. 8 At both ends of the channel proper there are placed two metal honeycombs. 1947A. Pope Wind-Tunnel Testing ii. 60 If the contraction ratio of the tunnel is large, and a good honeycomb is installed, the turbulence can be low indeed. 1966Ower & Pankhurst Measurem. Air Flow (ed. 4) vii. 200 The resistance coefficient of a honeycomb or a gauze is conveniently expressed in term of the loss of pressure..suffered by the air in passing through it.
d. A material consisting of a regular network of parallel, open-ended cells formed out of many bent or moulded strips (e.g. of metal or plastic) bonded together; it is usually used faced on both sides with sheeting, forming a honeycomb sandwich. Freq. attrib.
1937Jrnl. Franklin Inst. CCXXIV. 282 Barkley-Grow Aircraft Corp...has fabricated an all metal honeycomb structure of great strength and lightness. 1946Mod. Plastics Sept. 130/2 Standard thicknesses of honeycomb have been selected. Ibid., Fire resistance may be obtained with stainless steel or laminated asbestos paper skins on asbestos honeycomb core. 1949Aircraft Engin. XXI. 12/1 This flooring material is a honeycomb sandwich of aluminium alloy. 1964Oleesky & Mohr Handbk. Reinforced Plastics ix. 492 Honeycomb sandwich flooring is currently being used in large computer room applications. 1966New Scientist 26 May 523/3 Temperature-resistant honeycomb has been used in heat-sensitive areas of many aircraft.
6. attrib. and Comb. Of or pertaining to a honeycomb; like, or arranged in the form of, a honeycomb; having a surface hexagonally marked; as honeycomb cell, honeycomb decoration, honeycomb flannel, honeycomb ground, honeycomb limestone, honeycomb ornament, honeycomb pattern, honeycomb sponge, honeycomb work; honeycomb bag = sense 4; honeycomb coil Electronics, an inductance coil in which the turns cross one another obliquely and adjacent ones are separated, giving a criss-cross pattern; honeycomb coral, a coral of the genus favosites; honeycomb moth, a tineid moth of the genus Galleria which infests beehives; honeycomb radiator, a radiator for an internal-combustion engine that is pierced by numerous short tubes running from front to back through which the air passes, the ends of which give it a honeycombed appearance; honeycomb ringworm, scall, species of the disease favus; honeycomb stitch (see quot.); honeycomb stomach = sense 4; so honeycomb tripe; honeycomb-stone, fossil honeycomb coral; honeycomb wall, a (brick) wall containing numerous small openings close together at regular intervals.
1865Chambers' Encycl. VIII. 367 The stomach..consists of four distinct bags or cavities..The second cavity is the *Honeycomb bag.
1922Wireless World 30 Dec. p. xiv (Advt.), Gimbal type *Honeycomb coil. 1959K. Henney Radio Engin. Handbk. (ed. 5) iii. 9 Honeycomb coils were a type of universal winding with relatively few, widely spaced turns per layer giving a typical ‘honeycomb’ appearance.
1873Dawson Earth & Man v. 91 The Favosites or *honeycomb coral, presenting regular hexagonal cells with transverse floors or tabulæ.
1884Advt., *Honeycomb Flannel..for Petticoats and Skirts.
1721Mrs. Bradshaw in Lett. C'tess Suffolk I. 75 There is one [edging], of a *honeycomb ground.
1813Bakewell Introd. Geol. (1815) 463 *Honeycomb lime-stone, a name which conveys a tolerably correct idea of its appearance.
1840J. & M. Loudon tr. Köllar's Treat. Insects i. 75 This enemy is the caterpillar of a moth, called the..*honeycomb-moth. 1864–5Wood Homes without H. viii. (1868) 192 The last of our burrowers is the Honey-comb Moth belonging to the genus Galleria.
1838H. G. Knight Norm. in Sicily 272 note, The *honeycomb ornament is common in the alcoves, and vaulted apartments of the Arabians.
1882Caulfield & Saward Dict. Needlework, *Honeycomb Pattern, cast on any number of stitches that divide by six. First row―Knit. Second row― Purl [etc.]. This completes one Honeycomb.
1904A. B. F. Young Compl. Motorist iii. 55 The front of the car consists of a water-tank pierced like a honeycomb throughout its whole surface with apertures of equal dimensions; this is known as a ‘*honeycomb radiator’. 1919Jane's All the World's Aircraft 16 b A ‘V’ type honeycomb radiator is fitted directly behind the airscrew. 1946A. W. Judge Mod. Petrol Engines vii. 261 The honeycomb radiator, which has been so widely used in automobile and aircraft work, consists of a series of thin brass tubes expanded at their ends and joined together at these ends by a soldering process.
1867J. Hogg Microsc. ii. i. 296 The Favus fungus..is commonly called the cupped ringworm or *honycomb scall.
1874J. Pereira's Mat. Med. 1015 Turkey Sponge,..the common variety is called *honeycomb sponge.
1882Caulfield & Saward Dict. Needlework, *Honeycomb Stitch, this stitch is used to draw together in an ornamental pattern the gathers upon the neck and sleeves of smock frocks, and also for all kinds of decorative gathering.
1861Hulme tr. Moquin-Tandon ii. i. 43 The reticulum or *honey-comb stomach.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., *Honeycomb-Stone.
1894J. P. Allen Pract. Building Constr. (Index), *Honeycomb walls. 1913G. G. Samson Every Man his own Builder iii. 108 Some people build them [sc. sleeper walls] as ‘honeycomb’ walls. 1969New Yorker 5 Apr. 99/1 A honeycomb wall turns into an entrance to whatever place they imagine.
1874T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd I. ix. 127 Snow-white smock-frocks..marked on the wrists, breasts, backs, and sleeves with *honeycomb-work. 1895Jrnl. R. Inst. Brit. Archit. 14 Mar. 348 A richly fretted ceiling of Arabian honeycomb-work.
▪ II. honeycomb, v.
[f. prec. n.]
1. a. trans. To fill like a honeycomb with cells, cavities, or perforations; to render cavernous, hollow, or insubstantial in this way; to undermine.
1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VII. 67 If it had been honey-combed by worms in the quarry. 1834Medwin Angler in Wales I. 163, I have known tents..completely honeycombed in a very few weeks. 1860All Year Round No. 78. 30 The drains may honeycomb the basement and not remove the refuse passed into them.
b. intr. for pass. To become cavernous.
1851Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XII. ii. 382 Peat land is subject to ‘honey-comb’, or contract when dried by frost.
2. fig.
a. To penetrate through and through so as to render hollow, rotten, etc.; to undermine.
1855H. Rogers Ess. II. vii. 331 This great empire is rotten; honey-combed as it were. 1875McLaren Serm. Ser. ii. vii. 113 The small continuous vices, which root underground and honeycomb the soul. 1878Bayne Purit. Rev. xi. 477 His theory is here again honeycombed by his own averments of fact.
b. absol., and intr. for pass.
1868Ld. Strangford Sel. Writings (1869) I. 338 The very same man who has been honeycombing away at the..cranky old Ottoman empire. 1879Baring-Gould Germany II. 179 Floating dogmas..all imperceptibly, yet certainly, honeycombing and melting away.
3. trans. To mark with a honeycomb pattern.
1888Daily News 28 Nov. 7/6 Velveteens, plain, shaded, and honeycombed, in light shades. 1889Ibid. 21 Nov. 6/1 The bodices..are honeycombed, after the most approved fashion, across the chest and shoulders.
4. Building. To build as a honeycomb wall.
1908C. F. Mitchell Brickwork & Masonry (ed. 2) ii. 103 To facilitate the circulation of air beneath the basement floors, these walls are usually honeycombed. 1964E. C. Adams Sci. in Building I. v. 170 This [sc. ventilation] can be done..by ‘honeycombing’ sleeper walls. |