| 释义 |
‖ heterosis|hɛtəˈrəʊsɪs|
[Late Gr. ἑτέρωσις alteration, f. ἕτερος different.]
1. Rhet. ‘A figure of speech by which one form of a noun, verb, or pronoun, and the like, is used for another’ (Webster, 1864).
2. Zool. Segmentation in which the parts are different.
1902E. R. Lankester in Encycl. Brit. XXV. 691/2 It becomes apparent from this enumeration that there are a good many important elements or ‘meromes’ in an Arthropod metamere or somite which can become the subject of heteromerism or, to use a more apt word, of ‘heterosis’. Ibid., The Fourth Law of metamerism (auto⁓heterosis of the meromes).
3. Genetics. The tendency of cross-breeding to produce an animal or plant with a greater hardiness and capacity for growth than either of the parents; hybrid vigour.
1914G. H. Shull in Zeitschr. f. induktive Abstammungsund Vererbungslehre XII. 127, I suggest that instead of the phrases, ‘stimulus of heterozygosis’, ‘heterozygotic stimulation’, ‘the stimulating effects of hybridity’, ‘stimulation due to differences in uniting gametes’, etc...the word ‘heterosis’ be adopted. The corresponding adjective ‘heterotic’ may also be useful in such expressions as ‘heterotic effects’. 1938Nature 3 Dec. 1002/2 The expression of heterosis is much influenced by various external factors. 1959New Biol. XXVIII. 75 Less severe departures from normal growth in hybrids may..involve slower development and poorer growth coordination, or..higher growth rates and seemingly enhanced vigour—the latter the phenomenon of heterosis, or hybrid vigour. |