| 释义 |
haveless, † havenless, a. Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: α. 1 hafenleas, 3 hauenles, 5 superl. hauenlest, 9 dial. avenless. β. 2–4 hafeles, 2–5 haueles, 3 haueleas, 4 hefles, 4–5 hafles, 5 Sc. hawless, 9 dial. have-, haiveless.
[OE. hafenléas, f. hæfene = ON. hǫfn (genit. hafnar) possession, holding, f. ON. hafa, OE. haf-, hæf- stem of habban to have + -less. The current form rests immed. on the verb-stem: cf. Du. haveloos, OHG. habalôs.]
†1. Without possessions, destitute, indigent. Obs.
αc1000ælfric Hom. II. 176 Sum hafenleas man. a1100Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 312/21 Inops, hafenleas. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 157 Me hit shal giuen hauenlese men. a1400–50Alexander 1864 Oft þe hauenlest here is houen to þe sternes.
βc1175Lamb. Hom. 111 Þet hauelese monnam meie fremian. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 9 Gief þe nedfulle, help þe hauelease. a1300Cursor M. 28875 Hafe-les lete ga fra þe nan. 1390Gower Conf. II. 362 Though a man be haveles, Yet shall he nought by thefte stele. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 5439 Bot haueles away he past. c1450Holland Howlat 982 A foule carioun, Hatit and hawless [v.r. hafles].
2. (Sc. ˈhevlɪs). Without resource, shiftless, helpless; careless, slovenly. Sc. and dial.
1868G. Macdonald R. Falconer II. 83 Dinna ye think I'm the haveless crater I used to be. 1871W. Alexander Johnny Gibb (1873) 118 Eh, he's a haiveless man. 1879G. F. Jackson Shropsh. Word-bk., Avenless, shiftless, without any faculty for contriving. 1880Jamieson, Haivless, slovenly. Banffs. |