| 释义 |
univocal, a. and n.|juːˈnɪvəkəl|
Also 6 vnyuocal(le.
[f. post-cl. L. ūnivoc-us having one meaning (f. L. ūni- uni- + vōc-, vōx voice n.) + -al1. So It., Sp., Pg. univoco, F. univoque (see univoque).]
A. adj.
1.
†a. Of symptoms, signs, etc.: Indicative of, signifying, or denoting one thing; certain or unmistakable in significance. Chiefly Med. Obs.
1541Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. Q iij b, Fyrste than in procedynge..to the knowlege of the vnyuocal sygnes. Ibid., The sygnes of lepry aswel equyuocalles as vnyuocalles. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Univocal Signs (in Surgery) are certain Accidents or Signs of the Fracture of the Scull,..distinguish'd from others termed Equivocal. 1738Warburton Div. Legat. I. 5 No less illustrious, but more univocal Marks of Truth, that God hath been pleased to impress upon his Dispensations. 1783Pott Chirurg. Wks. II. 405 Though this be one symptom,..yet it is not an univocal or infallible one.
b. Of terms, etc.: Having only one proper meaning or signification; admitting or capable of a single interpretation or explanation; of which the meaning is unmistakable; unambiguous.
Opposed to equivocal a. 2. Now esp. in Logic.
1656[? J. Sergeant] tr. T. White's Peripat. Inst. 285 The same name would signifie God and a Creature, in the same signification, and would be univocall. 1661Morgan Sph. Gentry i. vi. 88 The crown and horn are in the sacred scripture univocal expressions of glory and dignity. 1671Baxter Holiness xxviii. 9 It is but Analogically called either Holiness or Morality, and not in a proper or univocal sense. 1725Watts Logic i. iv. §6 Univocal words are such as signify but one idea, or at least but one sort of thing. 1774Reid Aristotle's Logic i. §3. 4 An explication of what is meant by univocal words, what by equivocal. 1843Mill Logic i. ii. §8 A name is univocal, or applied univocally with respect to all things of which it can be predicated in the same sense. 1865Grote Plato I. xvii. 500 The different significations of the same word: the univocal and the equivocal. 1892Tablet 28 May 848 Declaring in terms which are simply univocal [etc.].
†c. Mus. (See quot.) Obs. rare—0.
1801Busby Dict. Mus., Univocal, the epithet applied by Ptolemy to the octave and its replicates. [Hence in some later Dicts.]
†2. Uniform, homogeneous; not exhibiting variation or deviation; confined to one kind or nature.
Freq. in the latter half of the 17th c., esp. in the writings of Jeremy Taylor; in some instances it is difficult to determine the precise sense.
1615Crooke Body of Man 28 A dead or mortified part..may not be called a part but equiuocally, because it hath not an vniuocall forme with the whole. 1647Jer. Taylor Lib. Proph. xiii. 201 When the actions and perswasions of a sect..are univocall. 1653― Serm. for Year i. xx. 255 The joyes of religion are not univocal but productive of..præternatural pleasures. 1662J. Chandler Van Helmont's Oriat. 156 So, from the univocall, simple, and homogeneall immortall minde, should so many properties and inclinations of men badly be fetched. 1727Warburton Tracts (1789) 87 But Truth..is of much cooler Contemplation; as paying its Court to the Understanding only, by affording a regular View of its simple univocal Original.
†3. Of or belonging to, characteristic of, things of the same name or species; esp. in univocal generation, normal or regular generation between male and female members of the same species. Obs.
1638Jackson Creed ix. viii. §3 He which is as truly the Son of God..must needs be as absolutely eternal as the Deity,..otherwise the generation should be equivocal and imperfect, not univocal. 1660R. Coke Justice Vind. 6 Creatures..generated and produced from univocal generation or production, that is, from the coition of male and female of the same species. 1708Brit. Apollo No. 2. 2/1 Generation is Univocal: That is, a Species can be no other⁓wise naturally formed than by a seminal Production. 1748Phil. Trans. XLV. 656 Thus do these Principles..never deviate further than is consistent with univocal Generation. 1822J. Fleming Philos. Zool. I. 23 A process which is termed Univocal or Regular Generation.
†b. Of actions, causes, etc. Obs.
a1640J. Ball Answ. to Can (1642) I. 132 That which is spoken of causes univocall, necessary and proper. 1669J. Flavel Husb. Spiritualized viii. 76 Grace in it self..cannot be the proper univocal cause of any evil effect. 1697tr. Burgersdicius' Logic i. viii. 27 Action univocal is that by which the action produces an effect of its own species; action æquivocal, of a diverse.
†4. Made, uttered, etc., with or as if with one voice. Of consent, etc.: Unanimous. Obs.
1615J. Stephens Satyr. Ess. 242 Hee..is never free of the Company..till hee hath drunke out his Apprentise-hood among the grand Masters; and then with an vnivocall consent, hee may commend his Wares. a1734North Lives III. 114 They bellowed and roared with univocal noise, not only in the city but all over England. a1734― Exam. iii. vii. §61 (1740) 548 It was their univocal Declaration, that [etc.].
B. n. A univocal term or word.
1728Chambers Cycl. s.v., Univocals..are defined by Aristotle to be those Things whose Name is common, and the Reason corresponding to the Name..the same. 1788T. Taylor Proclus I. p. ii, If infinite men, horses, and a multitude of other univocals, are produced in an infinite time. 1822–7Good's Study Med. (1829) I. 407 Regius, arquatus, aurigo, are not indeed univocals, but very clearly equivalents. |