| 释义 |
‖ hatti Hist.
In full, α. hatti-sherif |ˌhatiʃəˈrif|, β. hatti-humaiun, -humayun |ˌhatihuˈmɑjuːn|.
[Persian khaṭṭ-i-sharīf, khaṭṭ-i-humāyūn, f. Arab. khaṭṭ line, written line, writing + i (Pers.) connective + (α.) Arab. sharīf noble, honourable, sacred, and (β.) Pers. humāyūn sacred, august, royal, imperial.]
During the Ottoman Empire: a decree or edict issued by the government of Turkey, differing from a firman in being personally approved of by the Sultan, and bearing his special mark, which was considered to render it irrevocable.
1858Ld. Malmesbury Mem. Ex-minister (1884) II. 126 He will take this opportunity, if he finds one, to urge on the Sultan the observance of the Hatti.
α1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2320/2 The Chiaus Basha..with Tears, gave him the Hattesheriff (or Imperial Decree). 1799Troubridge in Naval Chron. XXIII. 23 It was a hattesheriff. 1861T. H. Dyer Mod. Europe I. 9 The Sultan..promulgated his decrees in Firmans, or simple commands, and Hattischerifs or rescripts.
β1876Gladstone Bulg. Horrors 11 The reforms, which were publicly enacted in an Imperial Firman or Hatti⁓humayoum. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 651/2 The Porte published a firman, the Hatti-Humaiun, professing to abolish ‘every distinction making any class of the subjects of the empire inferior to any other class’. |