| 释义 |
unionist, n. and a.|ˈjuːnjənɪst|
[f. as prec. + -ist. Cf. F. unioniste.]
A. n.
1. An adherent of or believer in unionism as a political principle or system of organization; esp. one who advocates or supports the formation or maintenance of some particular legislative union.
Usually with initial capital in particularized sense.
1799Monthly Rev. XXX. 337 [Duigenan] is particularly severe in his criticisms on Lord Minto, a Brother Unionist. 1851Gallenga Italy 41 Nothing..has been more fatal to the cause of Italian federation than a departure from the views of the Unionists. 1887Mahaffy & Gilman Alexander's Empire xxx. 286 There was a large nationalist party..violently opposed to the unionists,..constantly asserting the right of every Greek state to legislate for itself. 1890Hatton By Order of Czar ii. i, [He] was above all things an Imperial Unionist, and would defend to the death the merest scrap of soil over which the flag had ever floated.
b. U.S. A supporter or advocate of the Federal Union of the United States of America; esp. one who during the Civil War of 1861–5 was opposed to Secession.
1830D. Webster 1st Sp. on Foot's Res. Wks. 1851 III. 259, I am a unionist, and, in this sense, a national republican. 1862Motley Corr. (1889) II. 94 The anti-slavery men became the Unionists, the slaveholders the Destructionists. 1883American VII. 149 A Texas ‘Unionist’ is going to sue the United States for the value of his slaves.
c. British Politics. A member of the political party which advocated or supported maintenance of the parliamentary Union between Great Britain and Ireland; an opponent of Home Rule.
This party was formed in 1886 by the coalition of the Conservatives with those Liberals (Liberal Unionists: see liberal a. 5) who were opposed to Gladstonian Home Rule. While the chief tenet of this party was the maintenance of the Union, its general policy and principles gradually became identified with those of the Conservative party. The name remained the official designation of the alliance of Liberal Unionists and Conservatives until 15 January 1922, when the Irish Free State was established. The title is retained, however, by loyalist parties in N. Ireland (the official Unionist, Ulster, and Democratic Unionist Parties, etc.); also in the full name of the Conservative (and Unionist) Party, and in the Scottish Unionist Association (see quot. 1982 of the adj. 1 b).
1886R. Churchill Sp. at Manch. 3 March, Do you not think that such a party might be formed which might combine all that is best of the politics of the Tory, the Whig, or the Liberal?.. Might we not call it the party of the Union? Members of that party might be known as Unionists. 1886in Pall Mall G. 6 July 14/1 The opinion..that..the Liberal Unionists are coming to signal grief... The Unionists have, indeed, pulled the chestnuts out of the fire for Lord Salisbury. 1893Times 25 Apr. 11/1 A representative company of British Unionists to meet the Unionists of Ireland. 1953Times 23 Oct. 8/6 The Unionists were returned to power again in the general election in Northern Ireland. 1964G. D. M. Block Source Book of Conservatism 67 In Ulster and Scotland ‘Unionist’ has entirely carried the day, but in the Southern Kingdom the ‘new term’ of Conservative has survived as an official name of the Party. 1974Times 18 Feb. 14/8 Opposed to them are three loyalist groups: the Rev Ian Paisley's Democratic Unionists, Mr William Craig's Vanguard Unionists, and Mr Harry West's Ulster Unionists.
2. A member of a trade-union; a trade unionist.
1834John Bull 13 July 219/1 The cases on the Crown side were principally Unionists, charged with administering unlawful oaths. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. xv. 327 The life of my friend was..pitched on a..higher tone than that of most of his brother unionists. 1879T. H. S. Escott England I. 282 The charges of conspiracy and violence brought against unionists and unionism.
3. One who desires or advocates the union of churches or congregations. Cf. Reunionist.
1852Newland Lect. Tractar. 165 We are Tractarians or Unionists or whatever you may please to call us. 1866G. Talbot in E. Purcell Life A. P. de Lisle (1900) I. xv. 408, I think that the sympathy of the Unionists for the Greek Schism is a proof of want of sincerity. 1869Union Review 311 The Unionist, whether he be a Roman or an Anglican.
B. attrib. passing into adj.
1. Of or pertaining to, advocating or supporting, a legislative union, esp. that between Great Britain and Ireland.
1816Scott Bl. Dwarf xii, The Unionist courtiers, that have bought and sold old Scotland. 1848Daunt Recoll. O'Connell I. ii. 16, I spoke in reply to a Unionist effusion of Emerson Tennent's. 1863Dicey Federal St. II. 187 The Atlantic Monthly..is..staunchly Unionist, and more or less anti-slavery. 1888A. J. Balfour in Times 2 Oct. 10/1 The union of the Unionist party.
b. Of or belonging to the Unionists or Unionist Party. (Cf. A. 1 c.)
1885Cork Constitution 1 Dec. 3/2 (heading) Unionist meeting. 1886Pall Mall G. 3 July 4/1 The utter failure of the Unionist attack..at Stockton. 1890Rider Haggard Beatrice xviii, He knew the head Unionist whip very well. 1897H. Tennyson Mem. Tennyson II. 412 The large Unionist meetings throughout Great Britain. 1955Times 16 May 3/5 The fact that Sinn Fein has put forward candidates for West Belfast, Mid-Ulster, and Fermanagh and South Tyrone may mean that a Unionist gain will be recorded. 1965Times 6 Mar. 6/2 The Scottish Conservatives set the seal on their reorganization plans by approving a new constitution today... The title of the organization is to be changed from the Scottish Unionist Association to the Scottish Conservative and Unionist Association. 1974Times 5 Sept. 2/5 Mr Brian Faulkner..launched his own political group yesterday. It is..called the Unionist Party of Northern Ireland. 1982R. Rose Understanding United Kingdom iii. 68 The Conservative Party officially styles itself the Conservative and Unionist Party. Ibid. 69 In Scotland, the party is organized separately. Its modern foundation dates from amalgamation in 1912 of Scottish Conservatives and the Liberal Unionist Association under the name of the Scottish Unionist Association.
2. Of or belonging to trade-unionism or trade-unionists.
1879H. Spencer Data of Ethics xii. §78. 211 The unionist principle that the better workers must not discredit the worse by exceeding them in efficiency. 1884Pall Mall G. 11 Sept. 3/1 The success of the unionist movement. |