| 释义 |
Haredi, a. and n. Judaism.
Brit. |haˈreɪdi|, U.S. |hɑˈrɛdi|
Also with lower-case initial.[Plural] Haredim Brit. |həˈreɪdɪm|, U.S. |həˈreɪdim|, |həˌreɪˈdim| unchanged
Forms: 19– Charedi, 19– Haredi
[‹ modern Hebrew ḥărēḏī (adjective) pious, orthodox ‹ Hebrew ḥărēḏīm (plural), lit. ‘those who tremble (in awe at the commandments or word of God)’ (Ezra 10:3, Isaiah 66:5) ‹ ḥāraḏ to tremble. Compare the following:
1908S. Schechter Stud. in Judaism (2nd Ser.) 244 [In 1588] Eliezer Azkari..wrote his devotional treatise, Sepher Charedim. In this he tried to show how ‘those who tremble at the commandments of our God’ should consecrate the whole of man..to the service of the Lord. The thought absorbing the minds of the ‘tremblers’..was the delay of the advent of the Messiah,..but it was also a part of their programme to cause ‘the many to turn away from sin’. ]
A. adj. Of, belonging to, or relating to any of a number of Orthodox Jewish groups or communities (including the Hasidim) which adhere strictly to the traditional form of Jewish law and rejection of modern secular culture, and many of which do not recognize the modern state of Israel as a spiritual authority; ultra-Orthodox.
1983N. Chomsky Fateful Triangle p. xv, One grave internal problem is the cost..of sustaining a large and growing ultra-religious (‘Haredi’) population. 1985Times 30 Nov. 5/8 The study recommends that special haredi housing be constructed away from Jerusalem, to stop the Holy City becoming too holy for its own good. 1993Guardian 28 Aug. 10/2 Rabbi Raphael belongs to the most visible form of Orthodoxy, the Haredi or traditional community. 1999Jewish Chron. 30 July 24/1 Charedi activists have called for changes in the poster. 2000Daily Tel. 30 Aug. 23/1 When Padwa came to London to take up the leadership in 1955, the Haredi community had a mere 8,000 followers.
B. n. An ultra-Orthodox Jew; a member of any of the Haredi groups or communities. Usu. in pl.
1984Christian Sci. Monitor 19 Sept. 1/1 The ultraorthodox also are referred to as Haredim or Hasidim. 1985Times 30 Nov. 28/2 The haredim do not accept the authority of the state of Israel. 1992Jewish Chron. 7 Feb. 16/4 Of all the numerous and sundry political parties jockeying for power..it's only the charedim who get singled out. 1995Canad. Jewish News 11 May 23/1 The religious world is moving towards a blurring of some of the boundaries separating central Orthodoxy from Conservative Judaism on the one hand and the haredi on the other. 2002Church Times 15 Nov. 24/4 It is not mainly the ultra-orthodox, the Haredim, who press for the continuing occupation of Palestine, but those the essayist calls the modern orthodox. |