| 释义 |
▪ I. harbour, harbor, n.1|ˈhɑːbə(r)|
Forms: α. 2 hereberȝe, herburȝe, -byrȝe, 3 herberȝe, 4 herboru, herbergh, -berw, -beruh, 4–5 herberwe, -berewe, -borewe, -borwe, -boruhe, -borouȝ, -borw, -burhe, -burgh(e, 4–6 herberow(e, -borow(e, 5 herbarwe, -barow, -barou, -bourgh, 5–6 herboroghe, -borough(e, 6 herberough, -bourough, -burrouh. β. 4 herbore, -bure, 4–5 -ber(e, 5–6 -bour(e. γ. 5 harburrow, 5–6 harbarow(e, -brough(e, 5–7 harborow(e, 6 harberowe, -bourgh, -borrow, -bourough, 6–7 harborough(e. δ. 5 harbar, 6–7 harboure, 6– harbor, harbour, (7 harber).
[Early ME. hereberȝ(e, herberȝ(e, corresp. to an OE. *herebeorᵹ, f. here army, host = -beorᵹ, -e protection, shelter, not recorded, but found in the cognate langs., OHG. hęre-, hęre-, herberga (MHG. and mod.G. herberge), OLG. hęriberga (MDu. herberghe, Du. herberg) all fem., ON. herbergi neuter (Sw. herberge). The ME. word has been assumed to be from Norse; but the phonology points rather to an OE. type (original, or perh. after the Norse). The subsequent history shows two lines of phonetic change, viz. the change of her- to har-, usual with er- before a consonant (as in bark, barrow, hart, marsh, and the pronunciation of clerk, sergeant, Berkshire, Hertford, etc.); and the weakening of the second element to -ber, -bor, -bour; the current harbour exhibits both of these changes. The late ME. form remains in place names, e.g. Market Harborough.
Harbour is now the standard spelling of both the noun and the verb in the U.K., while harbor prevails in the United States.]
1. Shelter, lodging, entertainment: sojourn, abode.
αc1150Homily (Kluge Leseb. 72) Na synderlice onoðren herbyrȝe. c1175Lamb. Hom. 69 Þe node habbeð ȝiuen heom red, Mid hereberȝe and mid fode. c1250Gen. & Ex. 1392 If ȝhe miȝte taken Herberȝe for hire frendes sake[n]. 1382Wyclif Wisd. xviii. 4 Withoute hurting of good herberewe [1388 herbore]. c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋957 Neede of cloþing and herberwe [v. rr. herborugh, harborowe, herboruhe]. c1440York Myst. xiv. 6 Graunt vs gode herborow þis nyght. 1470–85Malory Arthur x. ix, They..praid the lord of the castel of herburgh. 1530–1Act 22 Hen. VIII, c. 12 If any personne..geue any herborowe moneye or lodgeynge to any beggers. 1553Brende Q. Curtius D ij, That Alexander shoulde fynde no herborow [v.r. herberowe] there. 1573G. Harvey Letter-bk. (Camden) 166 Frendly voutsave him herburrouh.
β1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 6153 Of herber grete nede I had, Yhe herbed me with hert glad. 1388Wyclif Ecclus. xxix. 31 To seke herbore [v.r. herberow] fro hous in to hous. c1400Ywaine & Gaw. 2940 Whi wil thou her thi herber tane? 1538Bale Brefe Com. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) I. 207 Helpe alwayes the poore, with herbour, foode, and aparell. 1552Ord. St. Bartholomew's E j b in Vicary's Anat. (1888) App. xvi. 310 For the herboure and succour of the dere members of Christes body. 1575Laneham Let. (1871) 9 To take herbour.
γc1410Love Bonavent. Mirr. vi. (1510) C iv, She..asked harborowe in dyvers places. c1435Torr. Portugal 260 What crystyn man axithe harburrow here? 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Rom. 34 Lette them have harbroughe. 1571Campion Hist. Irel. i. (1633) 62 Those cursed exactions of diet and harborow. 1598in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 115 Whoesoever..shall lodge or gyve harborough to any rouges. [Cf. Market Harborough.]
δ1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Matt. xxv. 115 Whan I was a straunger and nedy of harboure. 1592Nobody & Someb. in Simpson Sch. Shaks. (1878) II. 289 Nobody takes them in, provides them harbor. 1663Dryden Wild Gallant iii. i, All I desire of you is but harbour for a minute. 1684Bunyan Pilgr. ii. 148 Our great Want..was Harbor and good Company. 1691Ray Creation ii. (1704) 253 They serve for the Harbour..of various Animals. 1791Cowper Odyss. ii. 397 Give harbour in thy breast on no acount To after-grudge or enmity. 1814Scott Ld. of Isles i. xxvi, To harbour safe, and friendly cheer, That gives us rightful claim.
2. a. A place of shelter or sojourn; lodgings, quarters, resting-place; place of entertainment, inn; place of refuge, asylum. Obs. exc. dial.
cold harbour, a place of shelter from the weather for wayfarers, constructed by the wayside. Hence, a frequent name of a locality, and in comb. Cold Harbour Lane.
αc1300Havelok 742 Þore were Of here herboru herborwed þere. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. x. 406 Holicherche, þat he[r]berwe is and goddes hous to saue. c1386Chaucer Prol. 765, I saugh nat this year so myrie a compaignye Atones in this herberwe [v. rr. herborowe, harborowe, herberw, herburhe] as is now. c1450Merlin 539 Thei fonde nether house ne herberowe. 1530Palsgr. 230/2 Herboroghe, logis. a1637B. Jonson Discoveries Wks. (Rtldg.) 743/1 To have his arms set up in his last herborough.
β1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 448 With-in his awen moder body, Whar his herber with-in was dight. c1449Pecock Repr. 523 Dyuerse Ostries or Herbouris for to logge the more multitude.
γc1475Sqr. lowe Degre 179 Yf ye may no harbroughe se, Than must ye lodge under a tre. 1530Palsgr. 169 Herberge, an harborowe. 1579Twyne Phisicke agst. Fort. i. v. 6 a, Thy harborow or Inne, or rather thy pryson. 1600Holland Livy xxvi. xli. 616 That the legions from out of their winter harboroughs, should there meete together.
δ1483Cath. Angl. 174/2 An Harbar, hospicium. 1570Levins Manip. 222/36 Harboure, hospitium. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. I. 7 Fair harbour that them seems: so in they entred are. 1642Rogers Naaman 462 They will capitulate for their honour to go out of their harbour, with their pikes traild..and in array. 1711Addison Spect. No. 110 ⁋2 Ivy and Elder-Bushes, the Harbours of several solitary Birds. 1868Atkinson Cleveland Gloss., Harbour, shelter, lodging.
†b. The ‘house’, mansion, or position of the sun or a planet in the zodiac. Obs.
c1386Chaucer Frankl. T. 307 To ech of hem his tyme and his seson As thyr herberwe [v. rr. herborwe, harborowe, hebour] chaungeth lowe or heighe.
c. The covert or place of retreat of wild animals.
1576Fleming tr. Caius' Eng. Dogs in Arb. Garner III. 234 Terriers..driue them out of their hollow harbours. 1615J. Stephens Satyr. Ess. 310 Hee dreames of..a Bucke lodged, or a Hart in harbor. 1622T. Scott Belg. Pismire 74 They resort to those places as to their harboroughs or couerts. 1741Compl. Fam. Piece ii. i. 289 When you intend to find out the Harbour or Layer of a Hart. 1884Jefferies Red Deer vi. 103 The stag..When he has settled himself down he is said to be ‘in harbour’.
d. fig.
1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Mark iv. 35 Fynde any quietnesse, or sure harborowe. 1591R. W. Tancred & Gismunda v. ii. in Hazl. Dodsley VII. 85 Ah, pleasant harborough of my heart's thought! 1674Brevint Saul at Endor 268 These saving Harbers. 1805Wordsw. Prelude i. 11 In what vale Shall be my harbour?
3. a. A place of shelter for ships; spec. where they may lie close to and sheltered by the shore or by works extended from it; a haven, a port.
α [c1205Lay. 28878 Sexisce men..seileden to londe, And herberȝe token..Bi-ȝeonde þere Humbre.] c1386Chaucer Prol. 403 To rekene wel his tydes His stremes..His herberwe and his moone, his lodemenage. 1555W. Watreman Fardle Facions Pref. 11 Thei..digged out herborowes, where their shippes might ride saulfe fro the storme.
β1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda I j b, The Ports, Herbours, and Riuers, where he tooke in fresh water.
γa1547Surrey æneid iv. 53 Also the Sirtes, unfriendly harbroughe. 1555Eden Decades 350 A byght or bay as thowgh it were a harbarowe. 1578Bourne Invent. 11 They must cheyne their Hauen or harborrow. 1600Hakluyt Voy. (1810) III. 121 They put into the foresayde Harborough. 1614Raleigh Hist. World ii. (1634) 302 A Harborow of great capacitie, being in former times but an open bay.
δ1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. lxii. 126 b, Their harbour or hauen is verie good. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1638) 119 They were not able to put into the Harbor. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 609 A Station safe for Ships, when Tempests roar, A silent Harbour, and a cover'd Shoar. 1802Med. Jrnl. VIII. 23 Some of the men of war, then in the harbour. a1839Praed Poems (1864) II. 178 Like a wreck that is drifting to harbour, I come to thee, Lady, at last.
b. An airship shed or hangar.
1909Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 659/2 Work in connection with the other Zeppelin air-ships is so far advanced that as soon as the halls, or harbours, as they are called, are ready it will only be necessary to put the parts together. 1912C. B. Hayward Pract. Aeronaut. 36 To the only two airship sheds or ‘harbors’ exceeding 400 feet in length..no less than nine had been added [in France].
c. (See quot. 1948.)
1935Jrnl. R. United Service Inst. Nov. 747 The aeroplane cannot hit a moving tank with a bomb, but when the tanks harbour, the aircraft will make every effort to locate and bomb them... The bombing of tanks in harbour will cause immediate dispersion. 1948Partridge Forces' Slang 91 Harbour, halting place for the night for guns and tanks. Also a verb.
4. Glass-making. A large shallow trough-like box with handles or wheels used for holding the mixed ingredients or ‘batch’ and conveying them to the pot for fusion.
1891Sale Catal. Glass Wks. Stourbridge, Seven mixing harbours. 1897Correspondent, Each harbour of separate mixture is placed around the furnace before each pot for the purpose of filling.
5. attrib. and Comb. (in sense 3), as harbour-admiral, harbour-bar, harbour-buoy, harbour-duty, harbour-light, harbour-room, harbour-town, etc.; harbour-due, a charge for the use of a harbour (usually in pl.); harbour-gasket, -log, -watch (see quots.); harbour-master, an officer who has charge of a harbour, and of the mooring of ships, etc. therein; hence harbour-mastership; harbour seal N. Amer., the common seal, Phoca vitulina, found along the shores of northern oceans; harbour-side; harbour stow, furling in a body (cf. furling vbl. n. 1); so harbour-stowed a.; harbourward adv., towards the harbour.
1829Marryat F. Mildmay iv. The Gladiator, the flagship of the *harbour-admiral.
1798Coleridge Anc. Mar. vi. xv, We drifted o'er the *Harbour-bar. 1864Tennyson Sailor Boy 2 He rose at dawn and, fired with hope, Shot o'er the seething harbour-bar.
1842― Audley Court 85 The bay was oily calm; the *harbour-buoy..With one green sparkle ever and anon Dipt by itself.
1718Bridlington Pier Act, All such tools, *harbour-dues, or other dues. 1863Fawcett Pol. Econ. x. vii. (1876) 614 A harbour due is..paid for the accommodation obtained by shipping.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Harbour-gaskets, broad, but short and well-blacked gaskets..for showing off a well-furled sail in port.
1858Merc. Marine Mag. V. 371 A *Harbour-Light will be established.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Harbour-log, that part of the log-book which..relates only to transactions while the ship is in port.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789), Maître de ports, an *harbour-master, or officer appointed to take care of a port.
1884G. Allen Philistia I. 37 The honourable sinecure of a *harbour-mastership.
1847Grote Greece ii. xliv. (1862) IV. 9 To provide *harbour-room at once safe and adequate.
1766J. Banks Diary Oct. in A. M. Lysaght Joseph Banks in Newfoundland & Labrador (1971) ii. 145 They [sc. the fishermen] divide them [sc. the seals] into five sorts which they call Square Phipper Hooded Seal Heart or houke Bedlamer and *harbour seal, which last stays in the Countrey all the year. 1832J. McGregor British America I. iii. 107 The harbour seal (phoca vitulina)..does not seem to be migratory. 1958A. W. Cameron Canad. Mammals 55 Apart from the grey seal, the harbour seal is the only member of the tribe that ordinarily spends the summer in southern Canada. 1964E. P. Walker et al. Mammals of World II. 1302 (caption) Hair or harbor seals (Phoca vitulina).
1947Crowther & Whiddington Science at War 180 Larger explosive charges can be used, and their effects registered by electrical recording on the *harbour-side. 1962Daily Tel. 11 Aug. 14/5 It was then decided to take Coweslip, still low in the water, to the nearby harbourside home of Mr. B. A. L. 1969Jane's Freight Containers 1968–69 56/2 D & F Harborside Terminal.
1886R. Brown Spunyarn & Spindrift xxv. 311 Every rope in its place and hauled taut, every sail neatly furled in a *harbour-stow. 1924R. Clements Gipsy of Horn v. 98 A ‘harbour stow’ we gave them, rolling the canvas into a neat skin as though it were covered with a jacket and passing the gaskets at regular intervals like seizings. 1924J. Masefield Sard Harker 24 She was in lovely order; yards squared, harbour-stowed.
c1611Chapman Iliad ii. (R.), Halos *harbor-towne, that Neptune beats upon.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Harbour-watch, a division or subdivision of the watch kept on night-duty, when the ship rides at single anchor.
▪ II. † harbour, n.2 Obs.
[A frequent spelling of arbour n.1 from 16th c., intermediate between the earlier herber, erber, and the present form.]
a. A grass-plot, a green = arbour 1.
b. A bower or retreat covered with climbing shrubs and plants.
a.1505Will of M. Huntyngdon (Somerset Ho.), My body to be buried in our lady Harbar of the Cathedrall Church of Hereford. [1573Richmond. Wills (Surtees) 234 My bodye to be buried within y⊇ arbour on the north side off the churche of Richmonde.] 1804–20Hereford Cath., Sexton's Bk. of Fees, For Ground in the Cathedral Lady Harbour, or Cloister, 4s. 6d.
b.1563[see arbour 5.] 1593G. Fletcher Licia, etc. xxvi. (Grosart) 107 Where loving Wood-bine, doth the Harbour binde. 1613R. Cawdrey Table Alph. (ed. 3), Ombrage, shade, harbor, or bower to rest vnder. 1762Gentl. Mag. 222 A gravel walk..with a covered harbour at each end of it. a1790Warton Poet. Wks. (1802) II. 194 An avenue so cool and dim Shall to an harbour, at the end, In spite of gout, entice a friend.
Hence ˈharboured ppl. a., = arboured.
1615G. Sandys Trav. 136 We rid in shallow cradles, two on a Camell: harboured aboue, and couered with linnen.
▪ III. harbour n.3
var. of arbor n.1
1797Monthly Mag. III. 222 Effected by a jagged wheel, fixed on the barrel harbour.
▪ IV. harbour, harbor, v.|ˈhɑːbə(r)|
Forms: α. 2 herebureȝen, herborȝen, 3 herber(e)ȝen, hereborwen, 3–5 herberwen, herborwen, 4 herberghen, herborghen, herbarwen, herbweren, 4–5 herberghwen, herberewen, 4–6 herberowe(n, 5 hereboroghe, herburghe, herberrowe, 5–6 herborowe, 6 herberoughe, herbrough. β. 3–7 herber(e(n, 4–5 herbor, 5 herbar, 6 herbowr(e, γ. 4–6 harborough, 5 -bergh, -berough, -burrow, -bourrow, 5–6 -borowe, 6 -barow, -brough. δ. 5 harbur, 5–6 harber, 6 harbar, 6– harbor, harbour. See also herbery, harbry v.
[f. harbour n., in its various phonetic forms:—OE. type *herebeorᵹian, corresp. to ON. herbergja, -byrgja, to lodge, harbour; OHG. heribergôn, MHG., MDu., Ger., Du. herbergen intr. and trans. Cf. also herberge, early form of harbinge v., from OF. herberger (which was ultimately the same word).]
I. trans.
†1.
a. To provide a lodging or lodging-place for; to shelter from the weather or the night; to lodge, entertain. Obs.
αc1150Homily (Kluge Leseb. 73) Swa swa leofne gyst heo hire husede and innlice herebyreȝode. c1175Lamb. Hom. 23 Þu..fedest wreche men and herebureȝest and scrudest. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 260/146 To hereborewi Miseise men. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 201 Cloþe..and herberwe hem. Ibid. 317 Þere he schal be hereberowid. c1440Promp. Parv. 236/1 Herberwyn [v.rr. herbergwyn, herborowen] or receyvyn to hereboroghe. 1530–1Act 22 Hen. VIII, c. 12 To lodge and herberough any persone..of charitee or almes. 1540Taverner Postils, Exhort. bef. Communion, We have not hymselfe now..to herbrough him. 1557Jest Mylner Abingt. 157 in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 106 Herberowe us to night.
βa1300Cursor M. 15494 To spek o iesu þar he was herberd in þat tun. 1382Wyclif Acts x. 32 Symound, that is named Petre; this is herborid in the hous of Symound coriour. c1400Isumbras 524 Bot mete ne drynke couthe he gete none, Ne house to herbere hyme inne. a1510Douglas King Hart ii. 264 Ȝe sall nocht herbere me and Eis at anes. 1609Skene Reg. Maj., Stat. Robt. I 20 Na man be herbered or lodged in the houses or granges.
γc1435Torr. Portugal 262, I wold harburrow the full fayne. c1450Mirour Saluacioun 1252 To harbergh the nedy wagring. 1530Palsgr. 579/1, I intende to harborowe folkes no more. 1565Golding Ovid's Met. ii. (1593) 29 Tethis who doth harbrough me within her surges wide. 1587Sivqila in Polimanteia (1881) Introd. 18 To al them that harborough such a guest.
δc1440Bone Flor. 1971 He harberde hym far therfro All behynde men..Hys sekenes was so felle. 1557Ord. Hospitalls E ij, Those [children] that are harboured in the Howse. 1601Shakes. Twel. N. ii. iii. 102 She harbors you as her kinsman.
fig.1630Prynne Anti-Armin. 1 Which would willingly harbour themselues, vnder the roofe..of the Church of England. 1671Milton Samson 458 The anguish of my soul, that suffers not Mine eye to harbour sleep.
b. absol. To show hospitality.
1534Tindale Rom. xii. 13 Diligently to harboure [1535 Coverd. Be glad to harbarow. 1539(Great Bible), Be readie to harboure.]
†2. To quarter (soldiers or retainers); to assign lodgings to, to billet; refl. to take up quarters, encamp. Also absol. Obs.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 149 Nouþer cite ne burgh myght þei in herberd be. c1350Will. Palerne 1626 Alle þe genge of grece was gayli resseyued & herbarwed hastely. c1450Bk. Curtasye 427 in Babees Bk. 312 The marshalle shalle herber alle men in fere. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. cii. 83 They comen..in grete companyes and lodged and herburghed hem in the countrey al aboute where they wold. a1483Liber Niger in Househ. Ord. 32 Within the kinges gates no man shall harborow or assigne but this chamberlayn or usher. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. cclvi. 381 They..layde siege about Monsac, and harbored themselfe, as though they wolde nat go thence in a moneth. 1648Gage West Ind. 90 [We] were..harboured in a green plot of ground resembling a meadow.
3. a. To give shelter to, to shelter. Formerly often in a good sense: to keep in safety or security, to protect; now mostly dyslogistic, as to conceal or give covert to noxious animals or vermin; to give secret or clandestine entertainment to noxious persons or offenders against the laws.
αa1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 491 The gardin was not daungerous To herberwe briddes many oon. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xxii. 320 Ordeyne þe an hous, peers, to herberghen in thi cornes. c1430Pilgr. Lyf Manhode i. cxxv. (1869) 66 This scauberk is cleped humilitee..in whiche thow shuldest thi swerd herberwe. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop i. xx, The swalowe..herberowed her in the plowgh mans hows.
β1420Surtees Misc. (1888) 17 Yt lette noght William Selby to herber hys tymber apon the same walle. 1502Arnolde Chron. 83 Yf any freman..suffer ony wares or marchaundises..to be kepte or herbowryd in his house.
γ1579J. Stubbes Gaping Gulf, To harborough the persecuted Christians in your owne kingdome.
δc1460How Marchande dyd Wyfe betray 148 in Hazl. E.P.P. I. 201 Y swere..Y wylle neuyr harbur the kyngys felone. 1472Presentm. Juries in Surtees Misc. (1888) 25 Oone panyermaker..harbers suspect persones in his hous. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 180 Ignoraunt what lewdnes lurketh, and what heynousnesse is harboured in the deedes they go about. 1633T. Stafford Pac. Hib. i. xviii. (1810) 193 Traitours, which harboured themselves in the bogs and woods. 1659D. Pell Impr. Sea 106 note, I would have Captains to say that our ships shal harbour no such Sailors. 1700S. L. tr. Fryke's Voy. E. Ind. 44 These Woods harbour vast numbers of Monkeys. 1711Addison Spect. No. 131 ⁋5 He wishes Sir Roger does not harbour a Jesuit in his House. 1759tr. Duhamel's Husb. i. vi. (1762) 12 Dung harbours insects. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 641 After the conviction of the rebels whom she had harboured. 1851Illustr. Catal. Gt. Exhib. 780 Cocoa-nut fibre..does not harbour vermin. Mod. Newsp. A tobacconist was fined {pstlg}100 for harboring smuggled tobacco.
fig.1650T. Hubbert Pill Formality 15 It is a dangerous thing to harbor a Traytor within your brest. 1820Scott Ivanhoe xxiv, What religion can it be that harbours such a villain? 1842H. Rogers Ess. I. i. 33 Harbouring every vagrant story that may ask shelter in his pages.
†b. Of a place, etc.: To afford accommodation or room for; to contain, hold. Obs.
1362Langl. P. Pl. A. ii. 40 Bote þer nas halle ne hous þat miht herborwe þe peple. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. iii. (1495) 106 The mydle moder beclyppyth the brayne and herboryth and holdeth togyders the veynes of the brayne. c1440York Myst. xv. 125 It [a horn spoon] will herbar fourty pese. 1587Golding De Mornay ix. 115 That there is but one God, and that The Ayre, The Heauen, the Sea, the Earth, and Hell..were harbered in his breast from all Eternitie. 1667Boyle Orig. Formes & Qual., The specifick actions of a Body that harbours subordinate Forms. 1680― Produc. Chem. Princ. v. 240 The Aeriall particles, that are wont to be harboured in the Pores of that liquor.
4. fig. To entertain within the breast; to cherish privately; to indulge. Now usually in reference to evil thoughts or designs.
1393Langl. P. Pl. C. viii. 258 In þyn hole herte to herberghwen alle treuthe. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 337 O heart appointed even from thy creation to harbour kindenesse. 1583Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 17 Such festred rancoure doo Sayncts celestial harbour? 1601F. Godwin Bps. of Eng. 353 The citizens..harboring their old grudge. 1602Rowlands Tis Merrie when Gossips meete 20, I know that beauteous wenches are enclinde, To harbour hansome men within their minde. 1766Fordyce Serm. Yng. Wom. (1767) I. iii. 109 They will be tempted to harbour suspicions. 1781Cowper Convers. 561 Hearts..that harbour at this hour That love of Christ and all its quickening power. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 70 He believed them to harbour the worst designs. 1850W. Irving Goldsmith i. 28 It was impossible for him to harbour resentment.
5. To shelter (a ship) in a haven or harbour.
1555Eden Decades 2 Naturall hauens, of capacitie to harborowe greate nauies of shippes. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa ii. 232 A faire haven, where the ships of Alger are safely harboured. 1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. xii. lii, Harbour my fleshly bark safe in thy wounded side. 1693Lond. Gaz. No. 2849/4 Directions..how to Harbour a Ship in the same with Safety. 1887Bowen Virg. æneid iv. 375, I..Harboured his vessels, saved from death his mariner band.
6. To trace (a stag) to his ‘harbour’ or lair. Also transf.
1531Elyot Gov. i. xviii, A few nombre of houndes, onely to harborowe, or rouse, the game. 1576Turberv. Venerie 239 We herbor and unherbor a Harte, we lodge and rowse a Bucke. 1637B. Jonson Sad Sheph. i. ii, Here's Little John hath harbord you a Deere. 1741[see harbinger 4]. 1886Wood in Gd. Words 690 A..tigress had been tracked..and at last ‘harboured’, as Stag-hunters say, in a small thicket. 1892H. Hutchinson Fairway Isl. 6, I can harbour a stag against any man on Exmoor.
II. intr.
7. To shelter oneself, lodge, take shelter; to encamp; later, often with some notion of lurking or concealment. arch. or Obs.
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 87 Ȝif he mai þer-inne herberȝen. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 10290 Lete hym herber yn hys hous. c1374Chaucer Boeth. ii. pr. vi. 53 Wont to sleen hys gestes þat herburghden in hys hous. c1380Sir Ferumb. 5251 Thar herborghede þe king & ys barouns, Wyþ-oute tentes oþer pauyllouns. c1400Rowland & O. 745 Vnder a Mountayne þey herberde þan Besyde a reuer. c1450Merlin 125 Ye sholde not fynde an house in to herberowe. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, iv. vii. 79 Now for this Night, lets harbor here in Yorke. 1686Plot Staffordsh. 448 Others say that the Robbers themselves harbour'd here. c1750Shenstone Econ. i. 52 Beneath one common roof Thou ne'er shalt harbour. 1805Wordsw. Waggoner i. 59 Where the Dove and Olive-Bough Once hung, a Poet harbours now. 1807Pike Sources Mississ. ii. (1810) 200, I was suspicious that possibly some party of Indians might be harboring round.
fig.c1489Caxton Blanchardyn liv. 207 Neither sleepe nor quiet could harber in her head. 1569J. Sandford tr. Agrippa's Van. Artes 105 b, But nowe this plague..doth not onely herberoughe emonge temporall men. 1590Marlowe Edw. II, v. Wks. (Rtldg.) 214/1 Think not a thought so villanous Can harbour in a man of noble birth. 1655tr. De Parc's Francion I. 33 [To] suffer such a thought to harbour in our minds. 1760Law Spir. Prayer ii. 161 No vice can harbor in you. 1796Hist. Ned Evans I. 266 If envy could have harboured in such a breast as Sophia's.
8. Of an animal: To have its retreat or resort; spec. said of a stag.
1599H. Buttes Dyets drie Dinner M viij, It is a Seafish..It harboureth some time about the shore. 1610J. Guillim Heraldry iii. xiv. (1660) 166 You shall say that a Hart Harboureth. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 862 Penguin..cannot flie,..feeds on fish and grasse, and harbors in berries. 1650Fuller Pisgah iii. ix. 338 Here the bellowing Harts are said to harbour..the belling Roes to bed. 1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) V. 1680 The place where the turtle were known to harbour. 1869Phillips Vesuv. iii. 46 In the woody parts wild boars frequently harboured.
9. a. Of a ship (or its crew): To take shelter or come to anchor in a haven or harbour. Also fig.
1583Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 72 Wee saulflye dyd harbor in hauen. 1611Shakes. Cymb. iv. ii. 206 To show what coast thy sluggish crare Might easiliest harbour in. a1642Sir W. Monson Naval Tracts iii. (1704) 331/2 He might have Harbour'd in Falmouth. 1718Sewall Diary 12 May (1882) III. 184 Wind was Contrary that was forc't to harbour at Marblehead. 1842Browning Waring ii. ii. 2 We were sailing by Triest Where a day or two we harboured.
b. Of tanks, military forces, etc.: to shelter; to halt for the night. Cf. senses 7 and 9 a.
1935,1948[see harbour n.1 3 c]. 1956W. Slim Defeat into Victory 498 That night our leading troops harboured two hundred and forty miles from Rangoon.
Hence ˈharboured, ˈharbouring ppl. adjs.
1388Wyclif Wisd. v. 15 An herborid man of a dai, that passith forth. 1743J. Davidson æneid viii. 267 Calling his vanquished Sons into his Azure Bosom and harbouring streams. 1833Wordsw. Warning 44 Harboured ships, whose pride is on the sea. 1835I. Taylor Spir. Despot. viii. 361 A harboured grudge and exasperation. |