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单词 gymnasium
释义 gymnasium|dʒɪmˈneɪzɪəm|
Pl. gymnasia, gymnasiums.
[L., a. Gr. γυµνάσιον, f. γυµνάζειν to train, exercise, lit. to train naked, f. γυµνός (γυµνάς) naked.]
1. A place or building for practice of or instruction in athletic exercises; a gymnastic school.
1598R. Grenewey Tacitus' Ann. xiv. xii. (1622) 214 A place of all kinde of exercise called Gymnasium was dedicated by Nero.1601Holland Pliny II. 490 Their yong men..did exercise naked in their publick wrestling places, thereupon called Gym[n]asia.1629Maxwell tr. Herodian i. 42 He [Cleander] also erected a stately Gymnasium [marg. note An Actiuity Court], and a publike Bathe.1704F. Fuller Med. Gymn. (1711) 225 Galen..inveighs against the Athletick and other violent Practices of the Gymnasium.1806D. Hughson London III. 321 It [Moorfields] was likewise the great Gymnasium of our capital, the resort of boxers, runners, and foot-ball players, and every manly recreation.1861Times 23 July, Gymnasia are to be..established at Chatham, Portsmouth..and..other important military stations.1875A. R. Hope My School-boy Fr. 230 We climbed down the ladder of the gymnasium.
transf.a1832[see gymnastic B. 2 b].1861C. Reade Cloister & Hearth xciii, I fear they would have conducted him to that unpopular gymnasium, the gallows.1887Times (weekly ed.) 19 Aug. 4/1 The masts..should be removed; they are only an expensive and very troublesome gymnasium.
attrib.1895–6Cal. University Nebraska 133 The object of the gymnasium work is to provide muscular exercise and recreation for brain workers.1899Daily News 23 Dec. 6/2 The foremost experts upon..gymnasium construction.
2.
a. gen. A high school, college, or academy (obs.);
b. spec. in Germany and other Continental countries, a school of the highest grade designed to prepare students for the universities. Now often pronounced as a Ger. word |gʏmˈnaːzɪʊm|.
1691Wood Ath. Oxon. I. 337 He went to Amsterdam..where..he became Rector of the learned Academy or Gymnasium.1758Johnson Idler No. 33 ⁋27 Cambridge and Oxford..surpass..the gymnasia of foreign countries.1831Carlyle Sart. Res. (1858) 62 My Schoolmaster..pronounced..that I must be sent to the Gymnasium, and one day to the University.1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. (1846) I. viii. 366 Colleges, academies, and gymnasiums springing up spontaneously..in the most obscure villages.1886W. J. Tucker Life E. Europe 64 The Gymnasium prepares the scholar during eight years of hard study for the university.
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