| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈunderprop, n.
[under-1 5 b.]
A prop or support placed under a thing. Usu. fig.
1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 45/1 The Monkes, &..all those iolly vnderprops of that Romish Antichrist. 1602Breton Mother's Blessing D 3, Faiths strong pillars need no vnderprops. 1629H. Burton Truth's Triumph 264 An vnder-proppe or basis supporting and sustaining vs. 1826W. E. Andrews Crit. Rev. Fox's Bk. Mart. II. 204 Cranmer,..this pillar and underprop of the reformation.
▪ II. underˈprop, v.
[under-1 4 a.]
1. trans. To support with a prop or props; to keep firm or upright with some form of material support. (Common in 17th c.)
1534More Comf. agst. Trib. i. Wks. 1162/2 Some haue I sene euen in their last sicknes set vp in their death bed vnderpropped with pillous. 1591Harington Orl. Fur. xxvii. lxix, One took him napping,..And underprop't his saddell with foure stakes And so from under him his courser takes. 1637Heywood Pleas. Dial. ii. Wks. 1874 VI. 124 Had you not rather..To see the trees full branches vnderpropt Laden with ripe fruit? 1699J. Potter Antiq. Greece iii. xx. II. 161 It was frequent also for Sea-men, underpropping their Ships with their Shoulders, to thrust them forwards into the Sea. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. II. 129 Underprop the Architrave with a strong arch. 1810Crabbe Borough xi. 100 A mirror crack'd, With table underpropp'd, and chairs new-back'd. 1851C. L. Smith tr. Tasso xi. lxxxv, They who guided it their force applied To underprop it.
b. In fig. context.
1532More Confut. Tindale iii. Wks. 473/1 But Tyndall perceiuing..howe fieble hys building is that he setteth therupon, hath therfore..vndershoren, & vnderpropped it with certayn strong postes made of rotten redes. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 34 b, Our deepe Devine doth underproppe his lazie Monckerie upon these pillars. 1633T. Stafford Pac. Hib. (1821) i. xi. 75 The effect thereof was, to implore ayde of that Egyptian Reed, to underprop their ruinous and almost rotten Building. 1645Rutherford Tryal & Tri. Faith 23 This doctrine is a..Pillar, to under prop the Chamber in Hell, which they call Purgatory.
2. fig. To support or sustain; to maintain. (Very common c 1550–1675.)
1513More Rich. III, Wks. 39/1 Childehood must be maintained by mens authoritye, & slipper youth vnder⁓propped with elder counsayle. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iii. 255 To vnderprop and strengthen this faith with y⊇ signes of the good wil of God towarde it selfe. 1593Shakes. Lucr. 53 Within whose face Beautie and Vertue striued, Which of them both should vnderprop her fame. 1647Digges Unlawf. Taking Arms §2. 22 This art..of underpropping their reputation. 1695Blackmore Pr. Arth. vi. 360 He could th' unstable People's Tumults stop, And a declining Kingdom underprop. 1738Warburton Div. Legat. I. 47 He though fit to underprop it with his earthly God, the Leviathan. 1773J. Berridge Chr. World Unmasked (1805) 199 Moses is called in hastily to underprop his master Jesus. 1827Pollok Course T. v. 882 Leagues..on purpose made to underprop Iniquity, and crush the sacred truth. 1849Thoreau Week Concord River Wedn. 300 Let such pure hate still underprop our love.
refl.1571Golding Calvin on Ps. iii. 3 Assone as he hath underpropped himselfe with assurance of comfort.
absol.1596Edward III, iii. v. 78 Yet marble courage still did vnderprop.
3. To form a prop or support to (something).
c1590Marlowe Faustus vii. 32 Know that this Citie stands vpon seuen hilles That vnderprops the groundworke of the same. a1661B. Holyday Juvenal (1673) 56 He had yet forsooth a statue or two, particularly one of Cheiron, which underpropp'd his table. 1672Marvell Reh. Transp. i. 133 There is nothing more natural than for the Ivy to be of opinion..that the Church cannot hold up longer than It underprops the Walls. 1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. III. xxxi. 261 One considerable use of the wedge, is to raise up the beam of a house, to underprop it, when a floor gives way. 1830Tennyson Arab. Nts. 145 Six columns..under⁓propt a rich Throne of the massive ore. 1836Buckland Geol. & Min. xv. §5 (1837) I. 360 The transverse plates..underpropping their flattest and weakest part.
Hence underpropped, -propping ppl. adjs.
1614D. Dyke Myst. Self-Deceiving 45 There is no sinne, but we may..fall into, if Gods vnderpropping hand withdraw it selfe. 1632Lithgow Trav. i. 6 O heauy vnder-prop'd wrongs. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. ix. vi. §1 The old under⁓propped Scaffolds overladen with people, suddenly fell down. |