| 释义 |
▪ I. grille, grill, n.|grɪl|
[a. F. grille grating, † gridiron, OF. greille gridiron:—pop. L. graticula (Du Cange; cf. It. graticola), class. L. crātīcula, f. crātis a hurdle, grating: cf. griddle. The distinction in Fr. between grille and gril (grill n.4) appears to date from about the 16th c.]
1. a. A grating; an arrangement of parallel or cross bars, or structure of open metal-work, used to close an opening or separate one part of a room, etc. from another; spec. a grating in a door through which callers may be observed or answered without opening the door; the grating which separates visitors from the nuns in a convent-parlour; the screen in front of the Ladies' Gallery in the House of Commons; etc.
1686Burnet Trav. iii. (1750) 141 They [nuns] receive much Company; but that which I saw was in a publick Room, in which there were many Grills for several Parlours, so that the Conversation is very confused;..there being a different Company at every Grill. 1712J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 19 The Walls may be pierced with Grills..to continue the View. Ibid. 24 A large Cross-walk, terminated by Grills of Iron. 1848B. Webb Cont. Eccles. 22 Open grills were not uncommon in mediaeval times instead of close screens. 1862Illustr. Times 6 Dec. 521 There between the lovers is the horrible ‘grille’ of the convent. 1862Sir G. Scott Glean. Westm. Abbey (1863) 93 The splendid gilt-brass grille which surrounds the tomb of Henry VII. 1870Daily News 22 July 2 The ladies were allowed to retain their places behind the grille. 1876C. M. Davies Unorth. Lond. 193 Behind a grille were the places for the female congregation.
b. spec. Such a structure fixed in the body of a motor vehicle in front of the radiator, which it protects without preventing the flow of air over it. Freq. as radiator grill(e).
1930Motor 7 Oct. 434 New radiator styles are noticeable everywhere... Many use a grille of wire or a pierced metal screen to place in front of the honeycomb. Ibid. 437 The polished grille now fitted to the Panhard-Levassor radiator. 1938Newton & Steeds Motor Vehicle (ed. 2) xv. 260 The plated external casing is merely a dummy, and in the great majority of cars takes the form of an ornamental grille or stone guard. 1962New Scientist 22 Feb. 439 (Advt.), The wide-span grille shows the new car in an expansive mood. 1970Times 4 June 18/7 Many car components..are now plastic moulding,..the..radiator grille, for example. 1971Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 22 Oct. 50/1 Fluorescent orange discs..were mounted on the front of a dark blue Mercedes, one each side of the grille.
†2. One of the bars in the visor of a helmet. Obs.
1661Morgan Sph. Gentry iii. v. 45 Among the French they distinguish their degrees by the grills or bars on the helmet. Ibid., The lower degree of three Grills the lawful heirs turn to the right side, and natural sons to the left.
3. Real Tennis. The square opening in the end wall on the hazard side of the court, adjacent to the main wall.
1727Boyer Dict. Fr.-Angl., Grille de Tripot, the Grille, or hazard at Tennis. Faire un coup de Grille, to strike a Ball into the Grill. 1816Encycl. Perth. XXII. 220/2 The last thing on the right hand side is called the grill. 1878J. Marshall Ann. Tennis 182 Whenever he can send the ball into the grille. 1888― in Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 179 At the further end of the court is the grille, a square opening adjacent to the main wall.
†4. In ornamental hydraulics (see quot.). Obs.
1712J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 214 Grills of Water are several Spouts in the same Line, standing in a long Bason very near one another.
5. Pisciculture. A wooden frame fitted with glass tubes, between which the fish-eggs lie during incubation.
1883G. B. Goode Rev. Fish. Industr. U.S. 17 The hatching-box used by Dr. Garlick, a simple rectangular trough, was soon replaced by the glass grill, introduced from Europe. 1885Chamb. Jrnl. 558 These eggs hatched just seventy five days after they were laid down on the grilles.
6. A rectangular pattern of small dots impressed on some issues of postage stamps (see quot. 1962). Also attrib. Also grilled ppl. a., ˈgrilling vbl. n.
1887J. K. Tiffany Hist. Postage Stamps U.S.A. 170 All these values were issued with a grille, of which there are several sizes. 1896New Eng. Mag. Jan. 566/1 The grilling of the stamps was continued until 1872, when a new ink was used that could not be removed from the paper without injuring the stamps. 1916F. J. Melville Postage Stamps in Making 19 This grille embossing was applied to stamps of the United States between 1867 and 1873. Ibid., The variety known as ‘grilled all over’. 1929K. B. Stiles Stamps v. 78 In the year 1867 there was invented a metal roll with points, and these made grill impressions on certain stamps of the United States. Ibid. 81 To count the grill points, examine the reverse side of the stamp. Ibid., Only one other country has ever issued grilled stamps..Peru. 1962K. F. Chapman Stamp Collecting 137 Grille, a pattern of tiny square dots impressed into the paper of several United States issues with a view to hindering the removal of cancellations. The grille broke the fibres of the paper and permitted the cancelling ink to penetrate the paper instead of remaining on the surface.
7. attrib., as (sense 3) grille-penthouse, grille-wall, (sense 1) grille-work.
1878J. Marshall Ann. Tennis 157 Grille-pent-house, the pent-house above the wall which contains the grille. Ibid., Grille-wall, the inner end-wall which contains the grille. 1896Daily News 31 Mar. 3/7 The two locks and the iron grill-work which stood guard over Pitson's treasures.
▪ II. grille, grill, v.|grɪl|
[f. grille n., or ad. F. griller in same sense.]
trans. To fit with a grille or grating. to grille off: to fence off with a grille. Hence grilled ppl. a.
1848B. Webb Cont. Eccles. 139 The choir is grilled, and rigidly kept private by parcloses. Ibid. 553 The chapels are all grilled off. 1896Daily News 14 Nov. 2/4 Its quaint rococo architecture, and heavy grilled mediæval windows. |