| 释义 |
Umbrian, n. and a.|ˈʌmbrɪən|
[f. L. Umbr-, Umber (a. and n.) or Umbria (see def.) + -ian.]
A. n.
1. An inhabitant or native of Umbria, a province of central Italy; esp. a member of the Italic race anciently inhabiting this district.
1601Holland Pliny I. 36 The Babylonians count for day all the time betweene two sunne risings... The Vmbrians from noone to noone. 1693Dryden Persius iii. 140 The Greaz'd Advocate, that Grinds the Poor, Fat Fees from the defended Umbrian draws. 1843Macaulay Horatius xxii, The terror of the Umbrian, The terror of the Gaul. 1867Chambers' Encycl. IX. 630/1 The Umbrians were considered in ancient times to be the oldest people of Italy. 1890Contemp. Rev. Aug. 266 The pile dwelling in the Lake of Fimòn, near Vicenza,..must have been founded very soon after the Umbrians first reached Italy.
2. The language anciently spoken in Umbria.
1854C. C. J. Bunsen Christianity & Mankind III. 91 In Umbrian, the D between two vowels passes into a specific R, expressed in the national alphabet by a peculiar letter, in Latin by RS. 1858G. Robertson Earliest Inhabitants Italy 9 The differences between the Oscan and the Umbrian with its kindred dialects. 1864F. W. Newman Iguvine Inscriptions p. xiv, The vowel-declensions of Umbrian. 1882C. S. Halsey Etym. Latin & Greek i. i. 2 This [division] includes..2. The Latin, akin to which were the Oscan and the Umbrian of central Italy.
B. adj.
1. Of or belonging to ancient Umbria, its inhabitants or langauge.
1601Holland Pliny II. Index s.v., Vmbrian earth or chalke, for what it is good. 1697Dryden æneid xii. 1088 The persecuted creature.. Turns here and there, to escape his Umbrian foe. 1845Encycl. Metrop. XXV. 1345/1 The Umbrian, Oscan, and Samnite characters, are, with a few trifling exceptions, nearly identical with the Etruscan. 1864F. W. Newman Iguvine Inscriptions p. iii, The Umbrian tendency to assimilate n even in the middle of words. 1890Contemp. Rev. Aug. 264 We now come to the third Italian race, which may be called the Umbrian or Latin race.
2. Of or pertaining to mediæval or modern Umbria. Umbrian School, the Italian school of painting developed in Umbria in the 15th century.
1836Dublin Rev. July 443 The continuous efforts of the Umbrian School, even after..the death of Perugino. 1841W. Spalding Italy & It. Isl. II. 252 The Umbrian painters appear to have at first studied both the older Florentines and the decaying school of Siena. 1845A. Jameson Early Italian Painters I. 204 In the sentiment of their works they resembled the Umbrian school, but the manner of execution is different. 1883W. Sharp in E. A. Sharp Life (1910) 88 Watching the sunset over the far⁓stretching Umbrian country.
Add:[A.] [1.] b. Art Hist. A painter of the Umbrian school.
1864Crowe & Cavalcaselle New Hist. Painting in Italy II. vii. 182 Dante..struck the true character of the Umbrians when he spoke of the smiling pictures they produced. 1907R. Fry Let. 27 May (1972) I. 286 Nothing really very great in these Umbrians, except for Piero, and he went to Florence. 1927O. S. Tonks Hist. Ital. Painting xvi. 187 The cramped drawing of the earlier Umbrians. 1948B. Rackham tr. Fischel's Raphael I. iii. 16 In the paintings of the Umbrians the sacred figures continued, longer than elsewhere, to stand out in expressive outline alone against a gold ground. a1977‘R. West’ Celebration (1978) v. 541 Mrs Morpurgo shuddered in sudden rage. ‘Oh, your Florentines, your Sienese, your Umbrians!’.. ‘Not a great masterpiece, I'll admit it.’ |